<feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom'>
<title>linux-dev/arch/m32r/Kconfig, branch master</title>
<subtitle>Linux kernel development work - see feature branches</subtitle>
<id>https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/atom/arch/m32r/Kconfig?h=master</id>
<link rel='self' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/atom/arch/m32r/Kconfig?h=master'/>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/'/>
<updated>2018-03-09T22:20:00Z</updated>
<entry>
<title>arch: remove m32r port</title>
<updated>2018-03-09T22:20:00Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Arnd Bergmann</name>
<email>arnd@arndb.de</email>
</author>
<published>2018-03-07T20:36:19Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=553b085c2075f6a4a2591108554f830fa61e881f'/>
<id>urn:sha1:553b085c2075f6a4a2591108554f830fa61e881f</id>
<content type='text'>
The Mitsubishi/Renesas m32r architecture has been around for many years,
but the Linux port has been obsolete for a very long time as well, with
the last significant updates done for linux-2.6.14.

While some m32r microcontrollers are still being marketed by Renesas,
those are apparently no longer possible to support, mainly due to the
lack of an external memory interface.

Hirokazu Takata was the maintainer until the architecture got marked
Orphaned in 2014.

Link: http://www.linux-m32r.org/
Link: https://www.renesas.com/en-eu/products/microcontrollers-microprocessors/m32r.html
Cc: Hirokazu Takata &lt;takata@linux-m32r.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann &lt;arnd@arndb.de&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>dma-direct: rename dma_noop to dma_direct</title>
<updated>2018-01-15T08:35:06Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Christoph Hellwig</name>
<email>hch@lst.de</email>
</author>
<published>2018-01-09T15:30:23Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=002e67454f61bb67d8071ac4d0cacb86a01d18e0'/>
<id>urn:sha1:002e67454f61bb67d8071ac4d0cacb86a01d18e0</id>
<content type='text'>
The trivial direct mapping implementation already does a virtual to
physical translation which isn't strictly a noop, and will soon learn
to do non-direct but linear physical to dma translations through the
device offset and a few small tricks.  Rename it to a better fitting
name.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig &lt;hch@lst.de&gt;
Reviewed-by: Vladimir Murzin &lt;vladimir.murzin@arm.com&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>m32r: fix endianness constraints</title>
<updated>2017-11-16T02:21:00Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Geert Uytterhoeven</name>
<email>geert@linux-m68k.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-11-16T01:31:18Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=c95f121142a41c951fd62683a5574f2a7b37c573'/>
<id>urn:sha1:c95f121142a41c951fd62683a5574f2a7b37c573</id>
<content type='text'>
The m32r Kconfig provides both CPU_BIG_ENDIAN and CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN
configuration options.  As they are user-selectable and independent,
this allows invalid configurations:

  - All m32r defconfigs build a big endian kernel, but CPU_BIG_ENDIAN is
    not set, causing compiler warnings like:

	include/linux/byteorder/big_endian.h:7:2: warning: #warning inconsistent configuration, needs CONFIG_CPU_BIG_ENDIAN [-Wcpp]
	 #warning inconsistent configuration, needs CONFIG_CPU_BIG_ENDIAN
	  ^

  - Since commit 5bdfca6435b82944 ("m32r: define CPU_BIG_ENDIAN"),
    building an allmodconfig or allyesconfig enables both
    CONFIG_CPU_BIG_ENDIAN and CONFIG_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN.
    While this did get rid of the warning above, both options are
    obviously mutually exclusive.

Fix this by making only CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN configurable by the user, as
before, and by making sure exactly one of CPU_BIG_ENDIAN and
CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN is always enabled.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509361505-18150-1-git-send-email-geert@linux-m68k.org
Fixes: 5bdfca6435b82944 ("m32r: define CPU_BIG_ENDIAN")
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven &lt;geert@linux-m68k.org&gt;
Cc: Sudip Mukherjee &lt;sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license</title>
<updated>2017-11-02T10:10:55Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Greg Kroah-Hartman</name>
<email>gregkh@linuxfoundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-11-01T14:07:57Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=b24413180f5600bcb3bb70fbed5cf186b60864bd'/>
<id>urn:sha1:b24413180f5600bcb3bb70fbed5cf186b60864bd</id>
<content type='text'>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode &amp; Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained &gt;5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if &lt;5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart &lt;kstewart@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne &lt;pombredanne@nexb.com&gt;
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>m32r: define CPU_BIG_ENDIAN</title>
<updated>2017-10-04T00:54:24Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Sudip Mukherjee</name>
<email>sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-10-03T23:15:23Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=5bdfca6435b8294490ffb5b7c8b7d8eac3814b06'/>
<id>urn:sha1:5bdfca6435b8294490ffb5b7c8b7d8eac3814b06</id>
<content type='text'>
The build of m32r allmodconfig is giving lots of build warnings about:

  include/linux/byteorder/big_endian.h:7:2:
	warning: #warning inconsistent configuration,
		needs CONFIG_CPU_BIG_ENDIAN [-Wcpp]
	#warning inconsistent configuration, needs CONFIG_CPU_BIG_ENDIAN

Define CPU_BIG_ENDIAN like the way CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN is defined.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1505678083-10320-1-git-send-email-sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sudip Mukherjee &lt;sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>drivers: dma-mapping: allow dma_common_mmap() for NOMMU</title>
<updated>2017-06-30T17:03:07Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Vladimir Murzin</name>
<email>vladimir.murzin@arm.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-06-28T09:16:57Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=07c75d7a6b9eae24ab72c6eb2fbd39963775b0bf'/>
<id>urn:sha1:07c75d7a6b9eae24ab72c6eb2fbd39963775b0bf</id>
<content type='text'>
Currently, internals of dma_common_mmap() is compiled out if build is
done for either NOMMU or target which explicitly says it does not
have/want coherent DMA mmap. It turned out that dma_common_mmap() can
be handy in NOMMU setup (at least for ARM).

This patch converts exitent NOMMU targets to use ARCH_NO_COHERENT_DMA_MMAP,
thus when CONFIG_MMU is gone from dma_common_mmap() their behaviour stays
unchanged.

ARM is not converted to ARCH_NO_COHERENT_DMA_MMAP because it 1)
already has mmap callback which can handle (at some extent) NOMMU 2)
already defines dummy pgprot_noncached() for NOMMU build.

c6x and frv stay untouched since they already have ARCH_NO_COHERENT_DMA_MMAP.

Cc: Steven Miao &lt;realmz6@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven &lt;geert@linux-m68k.org&gt;
Cc: Michal Simek &lt;monstr@monstr.eu&gt;
Cc: Yoshinori Sato &lt;ysato@users.sourceforge.jp&gt;
Cc: Rich Felker &lt;dalias@libc.org&gt;
Cc: Chris Zankel &lt;chris@zankel.net&gt;
Cc: Max Filippov &lt;jcmvbkbc@gmail.com&gt;
Suggested-by: Christoph Hellwig &lt;hch@lst.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Murzin &lt;vladimir.murzin@arm.com&gt;
Tested-by: Benjamin Gaignard &lt;benjamin.gaignard@linaro.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>lib/dma-noop: Only build dma_noop_ops for s390 and m32r</title>
<updated>2017-01-24T17:23:35Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Bart Van Assche</name>
<email>bart.vanassche@sandisk.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-01-20T21:04:06Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=7844572c633964c864d9f32dc3f2a8ffe5d70371'/>
<id>urn:sha1:7844572c633964c864d9f32dc3f2a8ffe5d70371</id>
<content type='text'>
Reduce the kernel size by only building dma_noop_ops for those
architectures that actually use it. This was suggested by
Christoph Hellwig.

Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche &lt;bart.vanassche@sandisk.com&gt;
Cc: Christian Borntraeger &lt;borntraeger@de.ibm.com&gt;
Cc: Joerg Roedel &lt;jroedel@suse.de&gt;
Cc: Andy Lutomirski &lt;luto@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin &lt;mst@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: Christoph Hellwig &lt;hch@lst.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Doug Ledford &lt;dledford@redhat.com&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>m32r: add simple dma</title>
<updated>2016-12-13T02:55:06Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Sudip Mukherjee</name>
<email>sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2016-12-13T00:40:54Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=eb17726b00b327b3c0544f6970738204f09676a4'/>
<id>urn:sha1:eb17726b00b327b3c0544f6970738204f09676a4</id>
<content type='text'>
Some builds of m32r were failing as it tried to build few drivers which
needed dma but m32r is not having dma support.  Objections were raised
when it was tried to make those drivers depend on HAS_DMA.  So the next
best thing is to add dma support to m32r.  dma_noop is a very simple dma
with 1:1 memory mapping.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475949198-31623-1-git-send-email-sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sudip Mukherjee &lt;sudip.mukherjee@codethink.co.uk&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>lib/GCD.c: use binary GCD algorithm instead of Euclidean</title>
<updated>2016-05-21T00:58:30Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Zhaoxiu Zeng</name>
<email>zhaoxiu.zeng@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<published>2016-05-21T00:03:57Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=fff7fb0b2d908dec779783d8eaf3d7725230f75e'/>
<id>urn:sha1:fff7fb0b2d908dec779783d8eaf3d7725230f75e</id>
<content type='text'>
The binary GCD algorithm is based on the following facts:
	1. If a and b are all evens, then gcd(a,b) = 2 * gcd(a/2, b/2)
	2. If a is even and b is odd, then gcd(a,b) = gcd(a/2, b)
	3. If a and b are all odds, then gcd(a,b) = gcd((a-b)/2, b) = gcd((a+b)/2, b)

Even on x86 machines with reasonable division hardware, the binary
algorithm runs about 25% faster (80% the execution time) than the
division-based Euclidian algorithm.

On platforms like Alpha and ARMv6 where division is a function call to
emulation code, it's even more significant.

There are two variants of the code here, depending on whether a fast
__ffs (find least significant set bit) instruction is available.  This
allows the unpredictable branches in the bit-at-a-time shifting loop to
be eliminated.

If fast __ffs is not available, the "even/odd" GCD variant is used.

I use the following code to benchmark:

	#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
	#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
	#include &lt;stdint.h&gt;
	#include &lt;string.h&gt;
	#include &lt;time.h&gt;
	#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;

	#define swap(a, b) \
		do { \
			a ^= b; \
			b ^= a; \
			a ^= b; \
		} while (0)

	unsigned long gcd0(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
	{
		unsigned long r;

		if (a &lt; b) {
			swap(a, b);
		}

		if (b == 0)
			return a;

		while ((r = a % b) != 0) {
			a = b;
			b = r;
		}

		return b;
	}

	unsigned long gcd1(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
	{
		unsigned long r = a | b;

		if (!a || !b)
			return r;

		b &gt;&gt;= __builtin_ctzl(b);

		for (;;) {
			a &gt;&gt;= __builtin_ctzl(a);
			if (a == b)
				return a &lt;&lt; __builtin_ctzl(r);

			if (a &lt; b)
				swap(a, b);
			a -= b;
		}
	}

	unsigned long gcd2(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
	{
		unsigned long r = a | b;

		if (!a || !b)
			return r;

		r &amp;= -r;

		while (!(b &amp; r))
			b &gt;&gt;= 1;

		for (;;) {
			while (!(a &amp; r))
				a &gt;&gt;= 1;
			if (a == b)
				return a;

			if (a &lt; b)
				swap(a, b);
			a -= b;
			a &gt;&gt;= 1;
			if (a &amp; r)
				a += b;
			a &gt;&gt;= 1;
		}
	}

	unsigned long gcd3(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
	{
		unsigned long r = a | b;

		if (!a || !b)
			return r;

		b &gt;&gt;= __builtin_ctzl(b);
		if (b == 1)
			return r &amp; -r;

		for (;;) {
			a &gt;&gt;= __builtin_ctzl(a);
			if (a == 1)
				return r &amp; -r;
			if (a == b)
				return a &lt;&lt; __builtin_ctzl(r);

			if (a &lt; b)
				swap(a, b);
			a -= b;
		}
	}

	unsigned long gcd4(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
	{
		unsigned long r = a | b;

		if (!a || !b)
			return r;

		r &amp;= -r;

		while (!(b &amp; r))
			b &gt;&gt;= 1;
		if (b == r)
			return r;

		for (;;) {
			while (!(a &amp; r))
				a &gt;&gt;= 1;
			if (a == r)
				return r;
			if (a == b)
				return a;

			if (a &lt; b)
				swap(a, b);
			a -= b;
			a &gt;&gt;= 1;
			if (a &amp; r)
				a += b;
			a &gt;&gt;= 1;
		}
	}

	static unsigned long (*gcd_func[])(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) = {
		gcd0, gcd1, gcd2, gcd3, gcd4,
	};

	#define TEST_ENTRIES (sizeof(gcd_func) / sizeof(gcd_func[0]))

	#if defined(__x86_64__)

	#define rdtscll(val) do { \
		unsigned long __a,__d; \
		__asm__ __volatile__("rdtsc" : "=a" (__a), "=d" (__d)); \
		(val) = ((unsigned long long)__a) | (((unsigned long long)__d)&lt;&lt;32); \
	} while(0)

	static unsigned long long benchmark_gcd_func(unsigned long (*gcd)(unsigned long, unsigned long),
								unsigned long a, unsigned long b, unsigned long *res)
	{
		unsigned long long start, end;
		unsigned long long ret;
		unsigned long gcd_res;

		rdtscll(start);
		gcd_res = gcd(a, b);
		rdtscll(end);

		if (end &gt;= start)
			ret = end - start;
		else
			ret = ~0ULL - start + 1 + end;

		*res = gcd_res;
		return ret;
	}

	#else

	static inline struct timespec read_time(void)
	{
		struct timespec time;
		clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &amp;time);
		return time;
	}

	static inline unsigned long long diff_time(struct timespec start, struct timespec end)
	{
		struct timespec temp;

		if ((end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec) &lt; 0) {
			temp.tv_sec = end.tv_sec - start.tv_sec - 1;
			temp.tv_nsec = 1000000000ULL + end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec;
		} else {
			temp.tv_sec = end.tv_sec - start.tv_sec;
			temp.tv_nsec = end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec;
		}

		return temp.tv_sec * 1000000000ULL + temp.tv_nsec;
	}

	static unsigned long long benchmark_gcd_func(unsigned long (*gcd)(unsigned long, unsigned long),
								unsigned long a, unsigned long b, unsigned long *res)
	{
		struct timespec start, end;
		unsigned long gcd_res;

		start = read_time();
		gcd_res = gcd(a, b);
		end = read_time();

		*res = gcd_res;
		return diff_time(start, end);
	}

	#endif

	static inline unsigned long get_rand()
	{
		if (sizeof(long) == 8)
			return (unsigned long)rand() &lt;&lt; 32 | rand();
		else
			return rand();
	}

	int main(int argc, char **argv)
	{
		unsigned int seed = time(0);
		int loops = 100;
		int repeats = 1000;
		unsigned long (*res)[TEST_ENTRIES];
		unsigned long long elapsed[TEST_ENTRIES];
		int i, j, k;

		for (;;) {
			int opt = getopt(argc, argv, "n:r:s:");
			/* End condition always first */
			if (opt == -1)
				break;

			switch (opt) {
			case 'n':
				loops = atoi(optarg);
				break;
			case 'r':
				repeats = atoi(optarg);
				break;
			case 's':
				seed = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
				break;
			default:
				/* You won't actually get here. */
				break;
			}
		}

		res = malloc(sizeof(unsigned long) * TEST_ENTRIES * loops);
		memset(elapsed, 0, sizeof(elapsed));

		srand(seed);
		for (j = 0; j &lt; loops; j++) {
			unsigned long a = get_rand();
			/* Do we have args? */
			unsigned long b = argc &gt; optind ? strtoul(argv[optind], NULL, 10) : get_rand();
			unsigned long long min_elapsed[TEST_ENTRIES];
			for (k = 0; k &lt; repeats; k++) {
				for (i = 0; i &lt; TEST_ENTRIES; i++) {
					unsigned long long tmp = benchmark_gcd_func(gcd_func[i], a, b, &amp;res[j][i]);
					if (k == 0 || min_elapsed[i] &gt; tmp)
						min_elapsed[i] = tmp;
				}
			}
			for (i = 0; i &lt; TEST_ENTRIES; i++)
				elapsed[i] += min_elapsed[i];
		}

		for (i = 0; i &lt; TEST_ENTRIES; i++)
			printf("gcd%d: elapsed %llu\n", i, elapsed[i]);

		k = 0;
		srand(seed);
		for (j = 0; j &lt; loops; j++) {
			unsigned long a = get_rand();
			unsigned long b = argc &gt; optind ? strtoul(argv[optind], NULL, 10) : get_rand();
			for (i = 1; i &lt; TEST_ENTRIES; i++) {
				if (res[j][i] != res[j][0])
					break;
			}
			if (i &lt; TEST_ENTRIES) {
				if (k == 0) {
					k = 1;
					fprintf(stderr, "Error:\n");
				}
				fprintf(stderr, "gcd(%lu, %lu): ", a, b);
				for (i = 0; i &lt; TEST_ENTRIES; i++)
					fprintf(stderr, "%ld%s", res[j][i], i &lt; TEST_ENTRIES - 1 ? ", " : "\n");
			}
		}

		if (k == 0)
			fprintf(stderr, "PASS\n");

		free(res);

		return 0;
	}

Compiled with "-O2", on "VirtualBox 4.4.0-22-generic #38-Ubuntu x86_64" got:

  zhaoxiuzeng@zhaoxiuzeng-VirtualBox:~/develop$ ./gcd -r 500000 -n 10
  gcd0: elapsed 10174
  gcd1: elapsed 2120
  gcd2: elapsed 2902
  gcd3: elapsed 2039
  gcd4: elapsed 2812
  PASS
  zhaoxiuzeng@zhaoxiuzeng-VirtualBox:~/develop$ ./gcd -r 500000 -n 10
  gcd0: elapsed 9309
  gcd1: elapsed 2280
  gcd2: elapsed 2822
  gcd3: elapsed 2217
  gcd4: elapsed 2710
  PASS
  zhaoxiuzeng@zhaoxiuzeng-VirtualBox:~/develop$ ./gcd -r 500000 -n 10
  gcd0: elapsed 9589
  gcd1: elapsed 2098
  gcd2: elapsed 2815
  gcd3: elapsed 2030
  gcd4: elapsed 2718
  PASS
  zhaoxiuzeng@zhaoxiuzeng-VirtualBox:~/develop$ ./gcd -r 500000 -n 10
  gcd0: elapsed 9914
  gcd1: elapsed 2309
  gcd2: elapsed 2779
  gcd3: elapsed 2228
  gcd4: elapsed 2709
  PASS

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: avoid #defining a CONFIG_ variable]
Signed-off-by: Zhaoxiu Zeng &lt;zhaoxiu.zeng@gmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: George Spelvin &lt;linux@horizon.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Merge tag 'pci-v4.6-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci</title>
<updated>2016-03-16T21:45:55Z</updated>
<author>
<name>Linus Torvalds</name>
<email>torvalds@linux-foundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2016-03-16T21:45:55Z</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.zx2c4.com/linux-dev/commit/?id=63e30271b04c712c684c07567401b61b10d094d4'/>
<id>urn:sha1:63e30271b04c712c684c07567401b61b10d094d4</id>
<content type='text'>
Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas:
 "PCI changes for v4.6:

  Enumeration:
   - Disable IO/MEM decoding for devices with non-compliant BARs (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Mark Broadwell-EP Home Agent &amp; PCU as having non-compliant BARs (Bjorn Helgaas

  Resource management:
   - Mark shadow copy of VGA ROM as IORESOURCE_PCI_FIXED (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Don't assign or reassign immutable resources (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Don't enable/disable ROM BAR if we're using a RAM shadow copy (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Set ROM shadow location in arch code, not in PCI core (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Remove arch-specific IORESOURCE_ROM_SHADOW size from sysfs (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - ia64: Use ioremap() instead of open-coded equivalent (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - ia64: Keep CPU physical (not virtual) addresses in shadow ROM resource (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - MIPS: Keep CPU physical (not virtual) addresses in shadow ROM resource (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Remove unused IORESOURCE_ROM_COPY and IORESOURCE_ROM_BIOS_COPY (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Don't leak memory if sysfs_create_bin_file() fails (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - rcar: Remove PCI_PROBE_ONLY handling (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
   - designware: Remove PCI_PROBE_ONLY handling (Lorenzo Pieralisi)

  Virtualization:
   - Wait for up to 1000ms after FLR reset (Alex Williamson)
   - Support SR-IOV on any function type (Kelly Zytaruk)
   - Add ACS quirk for all Cavium devices (Manish Jaggi)

  AER:
   - Rename pci_ops_aer to aer_inj_pci_ops (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Restore pci_ops pointer while calling original pci_ops (David Daney)
   - Fix aer_inject error codes (Jean Delvare)
   - Use dev_warn() in aer_inject (Jean Delvare)
   - Log actual error causes in aer_inject (Jean Delvare)
   - Log aer_inject error injections (Jean Delvare)

  VPD:
   - Prevent VPD access for buggy devices (Babu Moger)
   - Move pci_read_vpd() and pci_write_vpd() close to other VPD code (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Move pci_vpd_release() from header file to pci/access.c (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Remove struct pci_vpd_ops.release function pointer (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Rename VPD symbols to remove unnecessary "pci22" (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Fold struct pci_vpd_pci22 into struct pci_vpd (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Sleep rather than busy-wait for VPD access completion (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Update VPD definitions (Hannes Reinecke)
   - Allow access to VPD attributes with size 0 (Hannes Reinecke)
   - Determine actual VPD size on first access (Hannes Reinecke)

  Generic host bridge driver:
   - Move structure definitions to separate header file (David Daney)
   - Add pci_host_common_probe(), based on gen_pci_probe() (David Daney)
   - Expose pci_host_common_probe() for use by other drivers (David Daney)

  Altera host bridge driver:
   - Fix altera_pcie_link_is_up() (Ley Foon Tan)

  Cavium ThunderX host bridge driver:
   - Add PCIe host driver for ThunderX processors (David Daney)
   - Add driver for ThunderX-pass{1,2} on-chip devices (David Daney)

  Freescale i.MX6 host bridge driver:
   - Add DT bindings to configure PHY Tx driver settings (Justin Waters)
   - Move imx6_pcie_reset_phy() near other PHY handling functions (Lucas Stach)
   - Move PHY reset into imx6_pcie_establish_link() (Lucas Stach)
   - Remove broken Gen2 workaround (Lucas Stach)
   - Move link up check into imx6_pcie_wait_for_link() (Lucas Stach)

  Freescale Layerscape host bridge driver:
   - Add "fsl,ls2085a-pcie" compatible ID (Yang Shi)

  Intel VMD host bridge driver:
   - Attach VMD resources to parent domain's resource tree (Jon Derrick)
   - Set bus resource start to 0 (Keith Busch)

  Microsoft Hyper-V host bridge driver:
   - Add fwnode_handle to x86 pci_sysdata (Jake Oshins)
   - Look up IRQ domain by fwnode_handle (Jake Oshins)
   - Add paravirtual PCI front-end for Microsoft Hyper-V VMs (Jake Oshins)

  NVIDIA Tegra host bridge driver:
   - Add pci_ops.{add,remove}_bus() callbacks (Thierry Reding)
   - Implement -&gt;{add,remove}_bus() callbacks (Thierry Reding)
   - Remove unused struct tegra_pcie.num_ports field (Thierry Reding)
   - Track bus -&gt; CPU mapping (Thierry Reding)
   - Remove misleading PHYS_OFFSET (Thierry Reding)

  Renesas R-Car host bridge driver:
   - Depend on ARCH_RENESAS, not ARCH_SHMOBILE (Simon Horman)

  Synopsys DesignWare host bridge driver:
   - ARC: Add PCI support (Joao Pinto)
   - Add generic dw_pcie_wait_for_link() (Joao Pinto)
   - Add default link up check if sub-driver doesn't override (Joao Pinto)
   - Add driver for prototyping kits based on ARC SDP (Joao Pinto)

  TI Keystone host bridge driver:
   - Defer probing if devm_phy_get() returns -EPROBE_DEFER (Shawn Lin)

  Xilinx AXI host bridge driver:
   - Use of_pci_get_host_bridge_resources() to parse DT (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
   - Remove dependency on ARM-specific struct hw_pci (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
   - Don't call pci_fixup_irqs() on Microblaze (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
   - Update Zynq binding with Microblaze node (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
   - microblaze: Support generic Xilinx AXI PCIe Host Bridge IP driver (Bharat Kumar Gogada)

  Xilinx NWL host bridge driver:
   - Add support for Xilinx NWL PCIe Host Controller (Bharat Kumar Gogada)

  Miscellaneous:
   - Check device_attach() return value always (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Move pci_set_flags() from asm-generic/pci-bridge.h to linux/pci.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Remove includes of empty asm-generic/pci-bridge.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - ARM64: Remove generated include of asm-generic/pci-bridge.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Remove empty asm-generic/pci-bridge.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Remove includes of asm/pci-bridge.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Consolidate PCI DMA constants and interfaces in linux/pci-dma-compat.h (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - unicore32: Remove unused HAVE_ARCH_PCI_SET_DMA_MASK definition (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Cleanup pci/pcie/Kconfig whitespace (Andreas Ziegler)
   - Include pci/hotplug Kconfig directly from pci/Kconfig (Bjorn Helgaas)
   - Include pci/pcie/Kconfig directly from pci/Kconfig (Bogicevic Sasa)
   - frv: Remove stray pci_{alloc,free}_consistent() declaration (Christoph Hellwig)
   - Move pci_dma_* helpers to common code (Christoph Hellwig)
   - Add PCI_CLASS_SERIAL_USB_DEVICE definition (Heikki Krogerus)
   - Add QEMU top-level IDs for (sub)vendor &amp; device (Robin H. Johnson)
   - Fix broken URL for Dell biosdevname (Naga Venkata Sai Indubhaskar Jupudi)"

* tag 'pci-v4.6-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (94 commits)
  PCI: Add PCI_CLASS_SERIAL_USB_DEVICE definition
  PCI: designware: Add driver for prototyping kits based on ARC SDP
  PCI: designware: Add default link up check if sub-driver doesn't override
  PCI: designware: Add generic dw_pcie_wait_for_link()
  PCI: Cleanup pci/pcie/Kconfig whitespace
  PCI: Simplify pci_create_attr() control flow
  PCI: Don't leak memory if sysfs_create_bin_file() fails
  PCI: Simplify sysfs ROM cleanup
  PCI: Remove unused IORESOURCE_ROM_COPY and IORESOURCE_ROM_BIOS_COPY
  MIPS: Loongson 3: Keep CPU physical (not virtual) addresses in shadow ROM resource
  MIPS: Loongson 3: Use temporary struct resource * to avoid repetition
  ia64/PCI: Keep CPU physical (not virtual) addresses in shadow ROM resource
  ia64/PCI: Use ioremap() instead of open-coded equivalent
  ia64/PCI: Use temporary struct resource * to avoid repetition
  PCI: Clean up pci_map_rom() whitespace
  PCI: Remove arch-specific IORESOURCE_ROM_SHADOW size from sysfs
  PCI: thunder: Add driver for ThunderX-pass{1,2} on-chip devices
  PCI: thunder: Add PCIe host driver for ThunderX processors
  PCI: generic: Expose pci_host_common_probe() for use by other drivers
  PCI: generic: Add pci_host_common_probe(), based on gen_pci_probe()
  ...
</content>
</entry>
</feed>
