linux-dev/arch/x86/mm, branch master

arch/x86/mm/hugetlbpage.c: pud_huge() returns 0 when using 2-level paging

2022-11-08T23:57:25Z

The following bug is reported to be triggered when starting X on x86-32 system with i915: [ 225.777375] kernel BUG at mm/memory.c:2664! [ 225.777391] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP [ 225.777405] CPU: 0 PID: 2402 Comm: Xorg Not tainted 6.1.0-rc3-bdg+ #86 [ 225.777415] Hardware name: /8I865G775-G, BIOS F1 08/29/2006 [ 225.777421] EIP: __apply_to_page_range+0x24d/0x31c [ 225.777437] Code: ff ff 8b 55 e8 8b 45 cc e8 0a 11 ec ff 89 d8 83 c4 28 5b 5e 5f 5d c3 81 7d e0 a0 ef 96 c1 74 ad 8b 45 d0 e8 2d 83 49 00 eb a3 <0f> 0b 25 00 f0 ff ff 81 eb 00 00 00 40 01 c3 8b 45 ec 8b 00 e8 76 [ 225.777446] EAX: 00000001 EBX: c53a3b58 ECX: b5c00000 EDX: c258aa00 [ 225.777454] ESI: b5c00000 EDI: b5900000 EBP: c4b0fdb4 ESP: c4b0fd80 [ 225.777462] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 0033 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00010202 [ 225.777470] CR0: 80050033 CR2: b5900000 CR3: 053a3000 CR4: 000006d0 [ 225.777479] Call Trace: [ 225.777486] ? i915_memcpy_init_early+0x63/0x63 [i915] [ 225.777684] apply_to_page_range+0x21/0x27 [ 225.777694] ? i915_memcpy_init_early+0x63/0x63 [i915] [ 225.777870] remap_io_mapping+0x49/0x75 [i915] [ 225.778046] ? i915_memcpy_init_early+0x63/0x63 [i915] [ 225.778220] ? mutex_unlock+0xb/0xd [ 225.778231] ? i915_vma_pin_fence+0x6d/0xf7 [i915] [ 225.778420] vm_fault_gtt+0x2a9/0x8f1 [i915] [ 225.778644] ? lock_is_held_type+0x56/0xe7 [ 225.778655] ? lock_is_held_type+0x7a/0xe7 [ 225.778663] ? 0xc1000000 [ 225.778670] __do_fault+0x21/0x6a [ 225.778679] handle_mm_fault+0x708/0xb21 [ 225.778686] ? mt_find+0x21e/0x5ae [ 225.778696] exc_page_fault+0x185/0x705 [ 225.778704] ? doublefault_shim+0x127/0x127 [ 225.778715] handle_exception+0x130/0x130 [ 225.778723] EIP: 0xb700468a Recently pud_huge() got aware of non-present entry by commit 3a194f3f8ad0 ("mm/hugetlb: make pud_huge() and follow_huge_pud() aware of non-present pud entry") to handle some special states of gigantic page. However, it's overlooked that pud_none() always returns false when running with 2-level paging, and as a result pud_huge() can return true pointlessly. Introduce "#if CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS > 2" to pud_huge() to deal with this. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221107021010.2449306-1-naoya.horiguchi@linux.dev Fixes: 3a194f3f8ad0 ("mm/hugetlb: make pud_huge() and follow_huge_pud() aware of non-present pud entry") Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi Reported-by: Ville Syrjälä Tested-by: Ville Syrjälä Reviewed-by: Miaohe Lin Cc: David Hildenbrand Cc: Liu Shixin Cc: Mike Kravetz Cc: Muchun Song Cc: Oscar Salvador Cc: Yang Shi Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

x86/mm: Do not verify W^X at boot up

2022-10-25T01:05:27Z

Adding on the kernel command line "ftrace=function" triggered: CPA detected W^X violation: 8000000000000063 -> 0000000000000063 range: 0xffffffffc0013000 - 0xffffffffc0013fff PFN 10031b WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c:609 verify_rwx+0x61/0x6d Call Trace: __change_page_attr_set_clr+0x146/0x8a6 change_page_attr_set_clr+0x135/0x268 change_page_attr_clear.constprop.0+0x16/0x1c set_memory_x+0x2c/0x32 arch_ftrace_update_trampoline+0x218/0x2db ftrace_update_trampoline+0x16/0xa1 __register_ftrace_function+0x93/0xb2 ftrace_startup+0x21/0xf0 register_ftrace_function_nolock+0x26/0x40 register_ftrace_function+0x4e/0x143 function_trace_init+0x7d/0xc3 tracer_init+0x23/0x2c tracing_set_tracer+0x1d5/0x206 register_tracer+0x1c0/0x1e4 init_function_trace+0x90/0x96 early_trace_init+0x25c/0x352 start_kernel+0x424/0x6e4 x86_64_start_reservations+0x24/0x2a x86_64_start_kernel+0x8c/0x95 secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xe0/0xeb This is because at boot up, kernel text is writable, and there's no reason to do tricks to updated it. But the verifier does not distinguish updates at boot up and at run time, and causes a warning at time of boot. Add a check for system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING and allow it if that is the case. [ These SYSTEM_BOOTING special cases are all pretty horrid, but the x86 text_poke() code does some odd things at bootup, forcing this for now - Linus ] Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221024112730.180916b3@gandalf.local.home Fixes: 652c5bf380ad0 ("x86/mm: Refuse W^X violations") Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

treewide: use prandom_u32_max() when possible, part 1

2022-10-11T23:42:55Z

Rather than incurring a division or requesting too many random bytes for the given range, use the prandom_u32_max() function, which only takes the minimum required bytes from the RNG and avoids divisions. This was done mechanically with this coccinelle script: @basic@ expression E; type T; identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32"; typedef u64; @@ ( - ((T)get_random_u32() % (E)) + prandom_u32_max(E) | - ((T)get_random_u32() & ((E) - 1)) + prandom_u32_max(E * XXX_MAKE_SURE_E_IS_POW2) | - ((u64)(E) * get_random_u32() >> 32) + prandom_u32_max(E) | - ((T)get_random_u32() & ~PAGE_MASK) + prandom_u32_max(PAGE_SIZE) ) @multi_line@ identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32"; identifier RAND; expression E; @@ - RAND = get_random_u32(); ... when != RAND - RAND %= (E); + RAND = prandom_u32_max(E); // Find a potential literal @literal_mask@ expression LITERAL; type T; identifier get_random_u32 =~ "get_random_int|prandom_u32|get_random_u32"; position p; @@ ((T)get_random_u32()@p & (LITERAL)) // Add one to the literal. @script:python add_one@ literal << literal_mask.LITERAL; RESULT; @@ value = None if literal.startswith('0x'): value = int(literal, 16) elif literal[0] in '123456789': value = int(literal, 10) if value is None: print("I don't know how to handle %s" % (literal)) cocci.include_match(False) elif value == 2**32 - 1 or value == 2**31 - 1 or value == 2**24 - 1 or value == 2**16 - 1 or value == 2**8 - 1: print("Skipping 0x%x for cleanup elsewhere" % (value)) cocci.include_match(False) elif value & (value + 1) != 0: print("Skipping 0x%x because it's not a power of two minus one" % (value)) cocci.include_match(False) elif literal.startswith('0x'): coccinelle.RESULT = cocci.make_expr("0x%x" % (value + 1)) else: coccinelle.RESULT = cocci.make_expr("%d" % (value + 1)) // Replace the literal mask with the calculated result. @plus_one@ expression literal_mask.LITERAL; position literal_mask.p; expression add_one.RESULT; identifier FUNC; @@ - (FUNC()@p & (LITERAL)) + prandom_u32_max(RESULT) @collapse_ret@ type T; identifier VAR; expression E; @@ { - T VAR; - VAR = (E); - return VAR; + return E; } @drop_var@ type T; identifier VAR; @@ { - T VAR; ... when != VAR } Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman Reviewed-by: Kees Cook Reviewed-by: Yury Norov Reviewed-by: KP Singh Reviewed-by: Jan Kara # for ext4 and sbitmap Reviewed-by: Christoph Böhmwalder # for drbd Acked-by: Jakub Kicinski Acked-by: Heiko Carstens # for s390 Acked-by: Ulf Hansson # for mmc Acked-by: Darrick J. Wong # for xfs Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld

Merge tag 'mm-stable-2022-10-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

2022-10-11T00:53:04Z

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton: - Yu Zhao's Multi-Gen LRU patches are here. They've been under test in linux-next for a couple of months without, to my knowledge, any negative reports (or any positive ones, come to that). - Also the Maple Tree from Liam Howlett. An overlapping range-based tree for vmas. It it apparently slightly more efficient in its own right, but is mainly targeted at enabling work to reduce mmap_lock contention. Liam has identified a number of other tree users in the kernel which could be beneficially onverted to mapletrees. Yu Zhao has identified a hard-to-hit but "easy to fix" lockdep splat at [1]. This has yet to be addressed due to Liam's unfortunately timed vacation. He is now back and we'll get this fixed up. - Dmitry Vyukov introduces KMSAN: the Kernel Memory Sanitizer. It uses clang-generated instrumentation to detect used-unintialized bugs down to the single bit level. KMSAN keeps finding bugs. New ones, as well as the legacy ones. - Yang Shi adds a userspace mechanism (madvise) to induce a collapse of memory into THPs. - Zach O'Keefe has expanded Yang Shi's madvise(MADV_COLLAPSE) to support file/shmem-backed pages. - userfaultfd updates from Axel Rasmussen - zsmalloc cleanups from Alexey Romanov - cleanups from Miaohe Lin: vmscan, hugetlb_cgroup, hugetlb and memory-failure - Huang Ying adds enhancements to NUMA balancing memory tiering mode's page promotion, with a new way of detecting hot pages. - memcg updates from Shakeel Butt: charging optimizations and reduced memory consumption. - memcg cleanups from Kairui Song. - memcg fixes and cleanups from Johannes Weiner. - Vishal Moola provides more folio conversions - Zhang Yi removed ll_rw_block() :( - migration enhancements from Peter Xu - migration error-path bugfixes from Huang Ying - Aneesh Kumar added ability for a device driver to alter the memory tiering promotion paths. For optimizations by PMEM drivers, DRM drivers, etc. - vma merging improvements from Jakub Matěn. - NUMA hinting cleanups from David Hildenbrand. - xu xin added aditional userspace visibility into KSM merging activity. - THP & KSM code consolidation from Qi Zheng. - more folio work from Matthew Wilcox. - KASAN updates from Andrey Konovalov. - DAMON cleanups from Kaixu Xia. - DAMON work from SeongJae Park: fixes, cleanups. - hugetlb sysfs cleanups from Muchun Song. - Mike Kravetz fixes locking issues in hugetlbfs and in hugetlb core. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAOUHufZabH85CeUN-MEMgL8gJGzJEWUrkiM58JkTbBhh-jew0Q@mail.gmail.com [1] * tag 'mm-stable-2022-10-08' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (555 commits) hugetlb: allocate vma lock for all sharable vmas hugetlb: take hugetlb vma_lock when clearing vma_lock->vma pointer hugetlb: fix vma lock handling during split vma and range unmapping mglru: mm/vmscan.c: fix imprecise comments mm/mglru: don't sync disk for each aging cycle mm: memcontrol: drop dead CONFIG_MEMCG_SWAP config symbol mm: memcontrol: use do_memsw_account() in a few more places mm: memcontrol: deprecate swapaccounting=0 mode mm: memcontrol: don't allocate cgroup swap arrays when memcg is disabled mm/secretmem: remove reduntant return value mm/hugetlb: add available_huge_pages() func mm: remove unused inline functions from include/linux/mm_inline.h selftests/vm: add selftest for MADV_COLLAPSE of uffd-minor memory selftests/vm: add file/shmem MADV_COLLAPSE selftest for cleared pmd selftests/vm: add thp collapse shmem testing selftests/vm: add thp collapse file and tmpfs testing selftests/vm: modularize thp collapse memory operations selftests/vm: dedup THP helpers mm/khugepaged: add tracepoint to hpage_collapse_scan_file() mm/madvise: add file and shmem support to MADV_COLLAPSE ...

Merge tag 'x86_mm_for_v6.1_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

2022-10-11T00:13:07Z

Pull x86 mm updates from Dave Hansen: "There are some small things here, plus one big one. The big one detected and refused to create W+X kernel mappings. This caused a bit of trouble and it is entirely disabled on 32-bit due to known unfixable EFI issues. It also oopsed on some systemd eBPF use, which kept some users from booting. The eBPF issue is fixed, but those troubles were caught relatively recently which made me nervous that there are more lurking. The final commit in here retains the warnings, but doesn't actually refuse to create W+X mappings. Summary: - Detect insecure W+X mappings and warn about them, including a few bug fixes and relaxing the enforcement - Do a long-overdue defconfig update and enabling W+X boot-time detection - Cleanup _PAGE_PSE handling (follow-up on an earlier bug) - Rename a change_page_attr function" * tag 'x86_mm_for_v6.1_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/mm: Ease W^X enforcement back to just a warning x86/mm: Disable W^X detection and enforcement on 32-bit x86/mm: Add prot_sethuge() helper to abstract out _PAGE_PSE handling x86/mm/32: Fix W^X detection when page tables do not support NX x86/defconfig: Enable CONFIG_DEBUG_WX=y x86/defconfig: Refresh the defconfigs x86/mm: Refuse W^X violations x86/mm: Rename set_memory_present() to set_memory_p()

x86/mm: Ease W^X enforcement back to just a warning

2022-10-04T19:53:52Z

Currently, the "change_page_attr" (CPA) code refuses to create W+X mappings on 64-bit kernels. There have been reports both from 32-bit[1] and from BPF[2] users where this change kept the system from booting. These reports are showing up even after about a month of soak time in -next. To avoid breaking anything, never enforce W^X. Always warn and return the requested permissions even if a problem is detected. 1. https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAMj1kXHcF_iK_g0OZSkSv56Wmr=eQGQwNstcNjLEfS=mm7a06w@mail.gmail.com/ 2. https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/c84cc27c1a5031a003039748c3c099732a718aec.camel@kernel.org/T/#u Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: x86@kernel.org Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Peter Zijlstra

Merge tag 'x86_cpu_for_v6.1_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

2022-10-04T16:21:30Z

Pull x86 cpu updates from Borislav Petkov: - Print the CPU number at segfault time. The number printed is not always accurate (preemption is enabled at that time) but the print string contains "likely" and after a lot of back'n'forth on this, this was the consensus that was reached. See thread at [1]. - After a *lot* of testing and polishing, finally the clear_user() improvements to inline REP; STOSB by default Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/5d62c1d0-7425-d5bb-ecb5-1dc3b4d7d245@intel.com [1] * tag 'x86_cpu_for_v6.1_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: x86/mm: Print likely CPU at segfault time x86/clear_user: Make it faster

x86: kmsan: handle CPU entry area

2022-10-03T21:03:26Z

Among other data, CPU entry area holds exception stacks, so addresses from this area can be passed to kmsan_get_metadata(). This previously led to kmsan_get_metadata() returning NULL, which in turn resulted in a warning that triggered further attempts to call kmsan_get_metadata() in the exception context, which quickly exhausted the exception stack. This patch allocates shadow and origin for the CPU entry area on x86 and introduces arch_kmsan_get_meta_or_null(), which performs arch-specific metadata mapping. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220928123219.1101883-1-glider@google.com Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko Fixes: 21d723a7c1409 ("kmsan: add KMSAN runtime core") Cc: Alexander Viro Cc: Alexei Starovoitov Cc: Andrey Konovalov Cc: Andrey Konovalov Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Arnd Bergmann Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Christoph Hellwig Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Dmitry Vyukov Cc: Eric Biggers Cc: Eric Biggers Cc: Eric Dumazet Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman Cc: Herbert Xu Cc: Ilya Leoshkevich Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Jens Axboe Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Marco Elver Cc: Mark Rutland Cc: Matthew Wilcox Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Petr Mladek Cc: Stephen Rothwell Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Vasily Gorbik Cc: Vegard Nossum Cc: Vlastimil Babka Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

x86: kmsan: sync metadata pages on page fault

2022-10-03T21:03:24Z

KMSAN assumes shadow and origin pages for every allocated page are accessible. For pages between [VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END] those metadata pages start at KMSAN_VMALLOC_SHADOW_START and KMSAN_VMALLOC_ORIGIN_START, therefore we must sync a bigger memory region. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220915150417.722975-37-glider@google.com Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko Cc: Alexander Viro Cc: Alexei Starovoitov Cc: Andrey Konovalov Cc: Andrey Konovalov Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Arnd Bergmann Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Christoph Hellwig Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Dmitry Vyukov Cc: Eric Biggers Cc: Eric Biggers Cc: Eric Dumazet Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman Cc: Herbert Xu Cc: Ilya Leoshkevich Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Jens Axboe Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Marco Elver Cc: Mark Rutland Cc: Matthew Wilcox Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Petr Mladek Cc: Stephen Rothwell Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Vasily Gorbik Cc: Vegard Nossum Cc: Vlastimil Babka Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

x86: kmsan: disable instrumentation of unsupported code

2022-10-03T21:03:24Z

Instrumenting some files with KMSAN will result in kernel being unable to link, boot or crashing at runtime for various reasons (e.g. infinite recursion caused by instrumentation hooks calling instrumented code again). Completely omit KMSAN instrumentation in the following places: - arch/x86/boot and arch/x86/realmode/rm, as KMSAN doesn't work for i386; - arch/x86/entry/vdso, which isn't linked with KMSAN runtime; - three files in arch/x86/kernel - boot problems; - arch/x86/mm/cpu_entry_area.c - recursion. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220915150417.722975-33-glider@google.com Signed-off-by: Alexander Potapenko Cc: Alexander Viro Cc: Alexei Starovoitov Cc: Andrey Konovalov Cc: Andrey Konovalov Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Arnd Bergmann Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Christoph Hellwig Cc: Christoph Lameter Cc: David Rientjes Cc: Dmitry Vyukov Cc: Eric Biggers Cc: Eric Biggers Cc: Eric Dumazet Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman Cc: Herbert Xu Cc: Ilya Leoshkevich Cc: Ingo Molnar Cc: Jens Axboe Cc: Joonsoo Kim Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Marco Elver Cc: Mark Rutland Cc: Matthew Wilcox Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin Cc: Pekka Enberg Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Petr Mladek Cc: Stephen Rothwell Cc: Steven Rostedt Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Vasily Gorbik Cc: Vegard Nossum Cc: Vlastimil Babka Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton