s390/vfio-ap: implement in-use callback for vfio_ap driver

Let's implement the callback to indicate when an APQN
is in use by the vfio_ap device driver. The callback is
invoked whenever a change to the apmask or aqmask would
result in one or more queue devices being removed from the driver. The
vfio_ap device driver will indicate a resource is in use
if the APQN of any of the queue devices to be removed are assigned to
any of the matrix mdevs under the driver's control.

There is potential for a deadlock condition between the
matrix_dev->guests_lock used to lock the guest during assignment of
adapters and domains and the ap_perms_mutex locked by the AP bus when
changes are made to the sysfs apmask/aqmask attributes.

The AP Perms lock controls access to the objects that store the adapter
numbers (ap_perms) and domain numbers (aq_perms) for the sysfs
/sys/bus/ap/apmask and /sys/bus/ap/aqmask attributes. These attributes
identify which queues are reserved for the zcrypt default device drivers.
Before allowing a bit to be removed from either mask, the AP bus must check
with the vfio_ap device driver to verify that none of the queues are
assigned to any of its mediated devices.

The apmask/aqmask attributes can be written or read at any time from
userspace, so care must be taken to prevent a deadlock with asynchronous
operations that might be taking place in the vfio_ap device driver. For
example, consider the following:

1. A system administrator assigns an adapter to a mediated device under the
   control of the vfio_ap device driver. The driver will need to first take
   the matrix_dev->guests_lock to potentially hot plug the adapter into
   the KVM guest.
2. At the same time, a system administrator sets a bit in the sysfs
   /sys/bus/ap/ap_mask attribute. To complete the operation, the AP bus
   must:
   a. Take the ap_perms_mutex lock to update the object storing the values
      for the /sys/bus/ap/ap_mask attribute.
   b. Call the vfio_ap device driver's in-use callback to verify that the
      queues now being reserved for the default zcrypt drivers are not
      assigned to a mediated device owned by the vfio_ap device driver. To
      do the verification, the in-use callback function takes the
      matrix_dev->guests_lock, but has to wait because it is already held
      by the operation in 1 above.
3. The vfio_ap device driver calls an AP bus function to verify that the
   new queues resulting from the assignment of the adapter in step 1 are
   not reserved for the default zcrypt device driver. This AP bus function
   tries to take the ap_perms_mutex lock but gets stuck waiting for the
   waiting for the lock due to step 2a above.

Consequently, we have the following deadlock situation:

matrix_dev->guests_lock locked (1)
ap_perms_mutex lock locked (2a)
Waiting for matrix_dev->gusts_lock (2b) which is currently held (1)
Waiting for ap_perms_mutex lock (3) which is currently held (2a)

To prevent this deadlock scenario, the function called in step 3 will no
longer take the ap_perms_mutex lock and require the caller to take the
lock. The lock will be the first taken by the adapter/domain assignment
functions in the vfio_ap device driver to maintain the proper locking
order.

Signed-off-by: Tony Krowiak <akrowiak@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason J. Herne <jjherne@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>

1 files changed, 23 insertions, 8 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/s390/crypto/ap_bus.c b/drivers/s390/crypto/ap_bus.c
index 5c13d2079d96..7d5261113181 100644
--- a/drivers/s390/crypto/ap_bus.c
+++ b/drivers/s390/crypto/ap_bus.c
@@ -835,6 +835,17 @@ static void ap_bus_revise_bindings(void)
 	bus_for_each_dev(&ap_bus_type, NULL, NULL, __ap_revise_reserved);
 }
 
+/**
+ * ap_owned_by_def_drv: indicates whether an AP adapter is reserved for the
+ *			default host driver or not.
+ * @card: the APID of the adapter card to check
+ * @queue: the APQI of the queue to check
+ *
+ * Note: the ap_perms_mutex must be locked by the caller of this function.
+ *
+ * Return: an int specifying whether the AP adapter is reserved for the host (1)
+ *	   or not (0).
+ */
 int ap_owned_by_def_drv(int card, int queue)
 {
 	int rc = 0;
@@ -842,25 +853,31 @@ int ap_owned_by_def_drv(int card, int queue)
 	if (card < 0 || card >= AP_DEVICES || queue < 0 || queue >= AP_DOMAINS)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	mutex_lock(&ap_perms_mutex);
-
 	if (test_bit_inv(card, ap_perms.apm) &&
 	    test_bit_inv(queue, ap_perms.aqm))
 		rc = 1;
 
-	mutex_unlock(&ap_perms_mutex);
-
 	return rc;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ap_owned_by_def_drv);
 
+/**
+ * ap_apqn_in_matrix_owned_by_def_drv: indicates whether every APQN contained in
+ *				       a set is reserved for the host drivers
+ *				       or not.
+ * @apm: a bitmap specifying a set of APIDs comprising the APQNs to check
+ * @aqm: a bitmap specifying a set of APQIs comprising the APQNs to check
+ *
+ * Note: the ap_perms_mutex must be locked by the caller of this function.
+ *
+ * Return: an int specifying whether each APQN is reserved for the host (1) or
+ *	   not (0)
+ */
 int ap_apqn_in_matrix_owned_by_def_drv(unsigned long *apm,
 				       unsigned long *aqm)
 {
 	int card, queue, rc = 0;
 
-	mutex_lock(&ap_perms_mutex);
-
 	for (card = 0; !rc && card < AP_DEVICES; card++)
 		if (test_bit_inv(card, apm) &&
 		    test_bit_inv(card, ap_perms.apm))
@@ -869,8 +886,6 @@ int ap_apqn_in_matrix_owned_by_def_drv(unsigned long *apm,
 				    test_bit_inv(queue, ap_perms.aqm))
 					rc = 1;
 
-	mutex_unlock(&ap_perms_mutex);
-
 	return rc;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ap_apqn_in_matrix_owned_by_def_drv);