diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
71 files changed, 260 insertions, 228 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/Changes b/Documentation/Changes index abee7f58c1ed..73a8617f1861 100644 --- a/Documentation/Changes +++ b/Documentation/Changes @@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ udev ---- udev is a userspace application for populating /dev dynamically with only entries for devices actually present. udev replaces the basic -functionality of devfs, while allowing persistant device naming for +functionality of devfs, while allowing persistent device naming for devices. FUSE diff --git a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt index 2ffb0d62f0fe..05431621c861 100644 --- a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt +++ b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt @@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ size is the size of the area (must be multiples of PAGE_SIZE). flags can be or'd together and are DMA_MEMORY_MAP - request that the memory returned from -dma_alloc_coherent() be directly writeable. +dma_alloc_coherent() be directly writable. DMA_MEMORY_IO - request that the memory returned from dma_alloc_coherent() be addressable using read/write/memcpy_toio etc. diff --git a/Documentation/DMA-ISA-LPC.txt b/Documentation/DMA-ISA-LPC.txt index 705f6be92bdb..e767805b4182 100644 --- a/Documentation/DMA-ISA-LPC.txt +++ b/Documentation/DMA-ISA-LPC.txt @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ lock. Once the DMA transfer is finished (or timed out) you should disable the channel again. You should also check get_dma_residue() to make -sure that all data has been transfered. +sure that all data has been transferred. Example: diff --git a/Documentation/MSI-HOWTO.txt b/Documentation/MSI-HOWTO.txt index 5c34910665d1..d389388c733e 100644 --- a/Documentation/MSI-HOWTO.txt +++ b/Documentation/MSI-HOWTO.txt @@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ into the field vector of each element contained in a second argument. Note that the pre-assigned IOAPIC dev->irq is valid only if the device operates in PIN-IRQ assertion mode. In MSI-X mode, any attempt at using dev->irq by the device driver to request for interrupt service -may result unpredictabe behavior. +may result in unpredictable behavior. For each MSI-X vector granted, a device driver is responsible for calling other functions like request_irq(), enable_irq(), etc. to enable diff --git a/Documentation/accounting/taskstats.txt b/Documentation/accounting/taskstats.txt index 92ebf29e9041..ff06b738bb88 100644 --- a/Documentation/accounting/taskstats.txt +++ b/Documentation/accounting/taskstats.txt @@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ a) TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_PID/TGID : attribute containing no payload but indicates a pid/tgid will be followed by some stats. b) TASKSTATS_TYPE_PID/TGID: attribute whose payload is the pid/tgid whose stats -is being returned. +are being returned. -c) TASKSTATS_TYPE_STATS: attribute with a struct taskstsats as payload. The +c) TASKSTATS_TYPE_STATS: attribute with a struct taskstats as payload. The same structure is used for both per-pid and per-tgid stats. 3. New message sent by kernel whenever a task exits. The payload consists of a @@ -122,12 +122,12 @@ of atomicity). However, maintaining per-process, in addition to per-task stats, within the kernel has space and time overheads. To address this, the taskstats code -accumalates each exiting task's statistics into a process-wide data structure. -When the last task of a process exits, the process level data accumalated also +accumulates each exiting task's statistics into a process-wide data structure. +When the last task of a process exits, the process level data accumulated also gets sent to userspace (along with the per-task data). When a user queries to get per-tgid data, the sum of all other live threads in -the group is added up and added to the accumalated total for previously exited +the group is added up and added to the accumulated total for previously exited threads of the same thread group. Extending taskstats diff --git a/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt b/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt index 34bf8f60d8f8..c6c9a9c10d7f 100644 --- a/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt +++ b/Documentation/block/biodoc.txt @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ it, the pci dma mapping routines and associated data structures have now been modified to accomplish a direct page -> bus translation, without requiring a virtual address mapping (unlike the earlier scheme of virtual address -> bus translation). So this works uniformly for high-memory pages (which -do not have a correponding kernel virtual address space mapping) and +do not have a corresponding kernel virtual address space mapping) and low-memory pages. Note: Please refer to DMA-mapping.txt for a discussion on PCI high mem DMA @@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ forced such requests to be broken up into small chunks before being passed on to the generic block layer, only to be merged by the i/o scheduler when the underlying device was capable of handling the i/o in one shot. Also, using the buffer head as an i/o structure for i/os that didn't originate -from the buffer cache unecessarily added to the weight of the descriptors +from the buffer cache unnecessarily added to the weight of the descriptors which were generated for each such chunk. The following were some of the goals and expectations considered in the @@ -403,14 +403,14 @@ i. Should be appropriate as a descriptor for both raw and buffered i/o - for raw i/o. ii. Ability to represent high-memory buffers (which do not have a virtual address mapping in kernel address space). -iii.Ability to represent large i/os w/o unecessarily breaking them up (i.e +iii.Ability to represent large i/os w/o unnecessarily breaking them up (i.e greater than PAGE_SIZE chunks in one shot) iv. At the same time, ability to retain independent identity of i/os from different sources or i/o units requiring individual completion (e.g. for latency reasons) v. Ability to represent an i/o involving multiple physical memory segments (including non-page aligned page fragments, as specified via readv/writev) - without unecessarily breaking it up, if the underlying device is capable of + without unnecessarily breaking it up, if the underlying device is capable of handling it. vi. Preferably should be based on a memory descriptor structure that can be passed around different types of subsystems or layers, maybe even @@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ Characteristics: i. Binary tree AS and deadline i/o schedulers use red black binary trees for disk position sorting and searching, and a fifo linked list for time-based searching. This -gives good scalability and good availablility of information. Requests are +gives good scalability and good availability of information. Requests are almost always dispatched in disk sort order, so a cache is kept of the next request in sort order to prevent binary tree lookups. diff --git a/Documentation/cpu-freq/cpufreq-nforce2.txt b/Documentation/cpu-freq/cpufreq-nforce2.txt index 9188337d8f6b..babce1315026 100644 --- a/Documentation/cpu-freq/cpufreq-nforce2.txt +++ b/Documentation/cpu-freq/cpufreq-nforce2.txt @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -The cpufreq-nforce2 driver changes the FSB on nVidia nForce2 plattforms. +The cpufreq-nforce2 driver changes the FSB on nVidia nForce2 platforms. -This works better than on other plattforms, because the FSB of the CPU +This works better than on other platforms, because the FSB of the CPU can be controlled independently from the PCI/AGP clock. The module has two options: diff --git a/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt b/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt index 4868c34f7509..cc60d29b954c 100644 --- a/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt +++ b/Documentation/cpu-hotplug.txt @@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ additional_cpus=n (*) Use this to limit hotpluggable cpus. This option sets ia64 and x86_64 use the number of disabled local apics in ACPI tables MADT to determine the number of potentially hot-pluggable cpus. The implementation -should only rely on this to count the #of cpus, but *MUST* not rely on the -apicid values in those tables for disabled apics. In the event BIOS doesnt +should only rely on this to count the # of cpus, but *MUST* not rely on the +apicid values in those tables for disabled apics. In the event BIOS doesn't mark such hot-pluggable cpus as disabled entries, one could use this parameter "additional_cpus=x" to represent those cpus in the cpu_possible_map. diff --git a/Documentation/devices.txt b/Documentation/devices.txt index 28c4f79662c2..70690f1a14af 100644 --- a/Documentation/devices.txt +++ b/Documentation/devices.txt @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write 8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen. 9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen. - 10 = /dev/aio Asyncronous I/O notification interface + 10 = /dev/aio Asynchronous I/O notification interface 11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's 1 block RAM disk 0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk @@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor 0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001 - 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eigth controller + 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller 0 = /dev/rd/c7d0 First disk, whole disk 8 = /dev/rd/c7d1 Second disk, whole disk ... @@ -1456,7 +1456,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1 ... - 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eigth controller + 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eighth controller 0 = /dev/ida/c7d0 First logical drive whole disk 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1 Second logical drive whole disk ... @@ -1900,7 +1900,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated. 1 = /dev/av1 Second A/V card ... -111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eigth controller +111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eighth controller 0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0 First logical drive, whole disk 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1 Second logical drive, whole disk ... diff --git a/Documentation/driver-model/platform.txt b/Documentation/driver-model/platform.txt index 5eee3e0bfc4c..9f0bc3bfd776 100644 --- a/Documentation/driver-model/platform.txt +++ b/Documentation/driver-model/platform.txt @@ -1,99 +1,131 @@ Platform Devices and Drivers ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +See <linux/platform_device.h> for the driver model interface to the +platform bus: platform_device, and platform_driver. This pseudo-bus +is used to connect devices on busses with minimal infrastructure, +like those used to integrate peripherals on many system-on-chip +processors, or some "legacy" PC interconnects; as opposed to large +formally specified ones like PCI or USB. + Platform devices ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Platform devices are devices that typically appear as autonomous entities in the system. This includes legacy port-based devices and -host bridges to peripheral buses. - - -Platform drivers -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -Drivers for platform devices are typically very simple and -unstructured. Either the device was present at a particular I/O port -and the driver was loaded, or it was not. There was no possibility -of hotplugging or alternative discovery besides probing at a specific -I/O address and expecting a specific response. +host bridges to peripheral buses, and most controllers integrated +into system-on-chip platforms. What they usually have in common +is direct addressing from a CPU bus. Rarely, a platform_device will +be connected through a segment of some other kind of bus; but its +registers will still be directly addressible. +Platform devices are given a name, used in driver binding, and a +list of resources such as addresses and IRQs. -Other Architectures, Modern Firmware, and new Platforms -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -These devices are not always at the legacy I/O ports. This is true on -other architectures and on some modern architectures. In most cases, -the drivers are modified to discover the devices at other well-known -ports for the given platform. However, the firmware in these systems -does usually know where exactly these devices reside, and in some -cases, it's the only way of discovering them. +struct platform_device { + const char *name; + u32 id; + struct device dev; + u32 num_resources; + struct resource *resource; +}; -The Platform Bus -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -A platform bus has been created to deal with these issues. First and -foremost, it groups all the legacy devices under a common bus, and -gives them a common parent if they don't already have one. - -But, besides the organizational benefits, the platform bus can also -accommodate firmware-based enumeration. - - -Device Discovery +Platform drivers ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -The platform bus has no concept of probing for devices. Devices -discovery is left up to either the legacy drivers or the -firmware. These entities are expected to notify the platform of -devices that it discovers via the bus's add() callback: - - platform_bus.add(parent,bus_id). - - -Bus IDs -~~~~~~~ -Bus IDs are the canonical names for the devices. There is no globally -standard addressing mechanism for legacy devices. In the IA-32 world, -we have Pnp IDs to use, as well as the legacy I/O ports. However, -neither tell what the device really is or have any meaning on other -platforms. - -Since both PnP IDs and the legacy I/O ports (and other standard I/O -ports for specific devices) have a 1:1 mapping, we map the -platform-specific name or identifier to a generic name (at least -within the scope of the kernel). - -For example, a serial driver might find a device at I/O 0x3f8. The -ACPI firmware might also discover a device with PnP ID (_HID) -PNP0501. Both correspond to the same device and should be mapped to the -canonical name 'serial'. - -The bus_id field should be a concatenation of the canonical name and -the instance of that type of device. For example, the device at I/O -port 0x3f8 should have a bus_id of "serial0". This places the -responsibility of enumerating devices of a particular type up to the -discovery mechanism. But, they are the entity that should know best -(as opposed to the platform bus driver). - - -Drivers -~~~~~~~ -Drivers for platform devices should have a name that is the same as -the canonical name of the devices they support. This allows the -platform bus driver to do simple matching with the basic data -structures to determine if a driver supports a certain device. - -For example, a legacy serial driver should have a name of 'serial' and -register itself with the platform bus. - - -Driver Binding -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -Legacy drivers assume they are bound to the device once they start up -and probe an I/O port. Divorcing them from this will be a difficult -process. However, that shouldn't prevent us from implementing -firmware-based enumeration. - -The firmware should notify the platform bus about devices before the -legacy drivers have had a chance to load. Once the drivers are loaded, -they driver model core will attempt to bind the driver to any -previously-discovered devices. Once that has happened, it will be free -to discover any other devices it pleases. +Platform drivers follow the standard driver model convention, where +discovery/enumeration is handled outside the drivers, and drivers +provide probe() and remove() methods. They support power management +and shutdown notifications using the standard conventions. + +struct platform_driver { + int (*probe)(struct platform_device *); + int (*remove)(struct platform_device *); + void (*shutdown)(struct platform_device *); + int (*suspend)(struct platform_device *, pm_message_t state); + int (*suspend_late)(struct platform_device *, pm_message_t state); + int (*resume_early)(struct platform_device *); + int (*resume)(struct platform_device *); + struct device_driver driver; +}; + +Note that probe() should general verify that the specified device hardware +actually exists; sometimes platform setup code can't be sure. The probing +can use device resources, including clocks, and device platform_data. + +Platform drivers register themselves the normal way: + + int platform_driver_register(struct platform_driver *drv); + +Or, in common situations where the device is known not to be hot-pluggable, +the probe() routine can live in an init section to reduce the driver's +runtime memory footprint: + + int platform_driver_probe(struct platform_driver *drv, + int (*probe)(struct platform_device *)) + + +Device Enumeration +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +As a rule, platform specific (and often board-specific) setup code wil +register platform devices: + + int platform_device_register(struct platform_device *pdev); + + int platform_add_devices(struct platform_device **pdevs, int ndev); + +The general rule is to register only those devices that actually exist, +but in some cases extra devices might be registered. For example, a kernel +might be configured to work with an external network adapter that might not +be populated on all boards, or likewise to work with an integrated controller +that some boards might not hook up to any peripherals. + +In some cases, boot firmware will export tables describing the devices +that are populated on a given board. Without such tables, often the +only way for system setup code to set up the correct devices is to build +a kernel for a specific target board. Such board-specific kernels are +common with embedded and custom systems development. + +In many cases, the memory and IRQ resources associated with the platform +device are not enough to let the device's driver work. Board setup code +will often provide additional information using the device's platform_data +field to hold additional information. + +Embedded systems frequently need one or more clocks for platform devices, +which are normally kept off until they're actively needed (to save power). +System setup also associates those clocks with the device, so that that +calls to clk_get(&pdev->dev, clock_name) return them as needed. + + +Device Naming and Driver Binding +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +The platform_device.dev.bus_id is the canonical name for the devices. +It's built from two components: + + * platform_device.name ... which is also used to for driver matching. + + * platform_device.id ... the device instance number, or else "-1" + to indicate there's only one. + +These are catenated, so name/id "serial"/0 indicates bus_id "serial.0", and +"serial/3" indicates bus_id "serial.3"; both would use the platform_driver +named "serial". While "my_rtc"/-1 would be bus_id "my_rtc" (no instance id) +and use the platform_driver called "my_rtc". + +Driver binding is performed automatically by the driver core, invoking +driver probe() after finding a match between device and driver. If the +probe() succeeds, the driver and device are bound as usual. There are +three different ways to find such a match: + + - Whenever a device is registered, the drivers for that bus are + checked for matches. Platform devices should be registered very + early during system boot. + + - When a driver is registered using platform_driver_register(), all + unbound devices on that bus are checked for matches. Drivers + usually register later during booting, or by module loading. + + - Registering a driver using platform_driver_probe() works just like + using platform_driver_register(), except that the the driver won't + be probed later if another device registers. (Which is OK, since + this interface is only for use with non-hotpluggable devices.) diff --git a/Documentation/driver-model/porting.txt b/Documentation/driver-model/porting.txt index 98b233cb8b36..92d86f7271b4 100644 --- a/Documentation/driver-model/porting.txt +++ b/Documentation/driver-model/porting.txt @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ struct device represents a single device. It mainly contains metadata describing the relationship the device has to other entities. -- Embedd a struct device in the bus-specific device type. +- Embed a struct device in the bus-specific device type. struct pci_dev { diff --git a/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt b/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt index 531239b29082..2ecd834585e6 100644 --- a/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt +++ b/Documentation/dvb/ci.txt @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ eliminating the need for any additional ioctls. The disadvantage is that the driver/hardware has to manage the rest. For the application programmer it would be as simple as sending/receiving an array to/from the CI ioctls as defined in the Linux DVB API. No changes -have been made in the API to accomodate this feature. +have been made in the API to accommodate this feature. * Why the need for another CI interface ? @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ This CI interface follows the CI high level interface, which is not implemented by most applications. Hence this area is revisited. This CI interface is quite different in the case that it tries to -accomodate all other CI based devices, that fall into the other categories +accommodate all other CI based devices, that fall into the other categories. This means that this CI interface handles the EN50221 style tags in the Application layer only and no session management is taken care of by the diff --git a/Documentation/eisa.txt b/Documentation/eisa.txt index 6a099edadd62..60e361ba08c0 100644 --- a/Documentation/eisa.txt +++ b/Documentation/eisa.txt @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ res : root device I/O resource bus_base_addr : slot 0 address on this bus slots : max slot number to probe force_probe : Probe even when slot 0 is empty (no EISA mainboard) -dma_mask : Default DMA mask. Usualy the bridge device dma_mask. +dma_mask : Default DMA mask. Usually the bridge device dma_mask. bus_nr : unique bus id, set by eisa_root_register ** Driver : diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/adfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/adfs.txt index 060abb0c7004..9e8811f92b84 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/adfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/adfs.txt @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Mount options for ADFS uid=nnn All files in the partition will be owned by user id nnn. Default 0 (root). - gid=nnn All files in the partition willbe in group + gid=nnn All files in the partition will be in group nnn. Default 0 (root). ownmask=nnn The permission mask for ADFS 'owner' permissions will be nnn. Default 0700. diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/configfs/configfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/configfs/configfs.txt index c3a7afb5eabf..b34cdb50eab4 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/configfs/configfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/configfs/configfs.txt @@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ will happen for write(2). [struct config_group] -A config_item cannot live in a vaccum. The only way one can be created +A config_item cannot live in a vacuum. The only way one can be created is via mkdir(2) on a config_group. This will trigger creation of a child item. @@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ directory is not empty. [struct configfs_subsystem] -A subsystem must register itself, ususally at module_init time. This +A subsystem must register itself, usually at module_init time. This tells configfs to make the subsystem appear in the file tree. struct configfs_subsystem { diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt index a584f05403a4..3d7447738958 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ For each connection the following files exist within this directory: 'waiting' - The number of requests which are waiting to be transfered to + The number of requests which are waiting to be transferred to userspace or being processed by the filesystem daemon. If there is no filesystem activity and 'waiting' is non-zero, then the filesystem is hung or deadlocked. @@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ following will happen: 2) If the request is not yet sent to userspace AND the signal is not fatal, then an 'interrupted' flag is set for the request. When - the request has been successfully transfered to userspace and + the request has been successfully transferred to userspace and this flag is set, an INTERRUPT request is queued. 3) If the request is already sent to userspace, then an INTERRUPT diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/hpfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/hpfs.txt index 33dc360c8e89..38aba03efc5e 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/hpfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/hpfs.txt @@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ History Fixed race-condition in buffer code - it is in all filesystems in Linux; when reading device (cat /dev/hda) while creating files on it, files could be damaged -2.02 Woraround for bug in breada in Linux. breada could cause accesses beyond +2.02 Workaround for bug in breada in Linux. breada could cause accesses beyond end of partition 2.03 Char, block devices and pipes are correctly created Fixed non-crashing race in unlink (Alexander Viro) diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ntfs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ntfs.txt index 35f105b29e3e..13ba649bda75 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/ntfs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ntfs.txt @@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ Finally, for a mirrored volume, i.e. raid level 1, the table would look like this (note all values are in 512-byte sectors): --- cut here --- -# Ofs Size Raid Log Number Region Should Number Source Start Taget Start +# Ofs Size Raid Log Number Region Should Number Source Start Target Start # in of the type type of log size sync? of Device in Device in # vol volume params mirrors Device Device 0 2056320 mirror core 2 16 nosync 2 /dev/hda1 0 /dev/hdb1 0 @@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ Note, a technical ChangeLog aimed at kernel hackers is in fs/ntfs/ChangeLog. - Major bug fixes for reading files and volumes in corner cases which were being hit by Windows 2k/XP users. 2.1.2: - - Major bug fixes aleviating the hangs in statfs experienced by some + - Major bug fixes alleviating the hangs in statfs experienced by some users. 2.1.1: - Update handling of compressed files so people no longer get the diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt index 4389c684a80a..af6defd10cb6 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/ocfs2.txt @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Caveats Features which OCFS2 does not support yet: - sparse files - extended attributes - - shared writeable mmap + - shared writable mmap - loopback is supported, but data written will not be cluster coherent. - quotas diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt index 3355e6920105..72af5de1effb 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt @@ -1220,9 +1220,9 @@ applications are using mlock(), or if you are running with no swap then you probably should increase the lower_zone_protection setting. The units of this tunable are fairly vague. It is approximately equal -to "megabytes". So setting lower_zone_protection=100 will protect around 100 +to "megabytes," so setting lower_zone_protection=100 will protect around 100 megabytes of the lowmem zone from user allocations. It will also make -those 100 megabytes unavaliable for use by applications and by +those 100 megabytes unavailable for use by applications and by pagecache, so there is a cost. The effects of this tunable may be observed by monitoring @@ -1538,10 +1538,10 @@ TCP settings tcp_ecn ------- -This file controls the use of the ECN bit in the IPv4 headers, this is a new +This file controls the use of the ECN bit in the IPv4 headers. This is a new feature about Explicit Congestion Notification, but some routers and firewalls -block trafic that has this bit set, so it could be necessary to echo 0 to -/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_ecn, if you want to talk to this sites. For more info +block traffic that has this bit set, so it could be necessary to echo 0 to +/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_ecn if you want to talk to these sites. For more info you could read RFC2481. tcp_retrans_collapse diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt index 982645a1981d..1343d118a9b2 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/spufs.txt @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ FILES /signal2 The two signal notification channels of an SPU. These are read-write files that operate on a 32 bit word. Writing to one of these files - triggers an interrupt on the SPU. The value writting to the signal + triggers an interrupt on the SPU. The value written to the signal files can be read from the SPU through a channel read or from host user space through the file. After the value has been read by the SPU, it is reset to zero. The possible operations on an open signal1 or sig- diff --git a/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/gdbstub.txt b/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/gdbstub.txt index 6ce5aa9abbc5..9304fb36ae8a 100644 --- a/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/gdbstub.txt +++ b/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/gdbstub.txt @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ the following things on the "Kernel Hacking" tab: Then build as usual, download to the board and execute. Note that if "Immediate activation" was selected, then the kernel will wait for GDB to attach. If not, then the kernel will boot immediately and GDB will have to -interupt it or wait for an exception to occur if before doing anything with +interrupt it or wait for an exception to occur before doing anything with the kernel. diff --git a/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/kernel-ABI.txt b/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/kernel-ABI.txt index 8b0a5fc8bfd9..aaa1cec86f0b 100644 --- a/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/kernel-ABI.txt +++ b/Documentation/fujitsu/frv/kernel-ABI.txt @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ with the main kernel in this regard. Hence the debug mode code (gdbstub) is almost completely self-contained. The only external code used is the sprintf family of functions. -Futhermore, break.S is so complicated because single-step mode does not +Furthermore, break.S is so complicated because single-step mode does not switch off on entry to an exception. That means unless manually disabled, single-stepping will blithely go on stepping into things like interrupts. See gdbstub.txt for more information. diff --git a/Documentation/ide.txt b/Documentation/ide.txt index 0bf38baa2db9..786c3a766995 100644 --- a/Documentation/ide.txt +++ b/Documentation/ide.txt @@ -390,5 +390,5 @@ mlord@pobox.com Wed Apr 17 22:52:44 CEST 2002 edited by Marcin Dalecki, the current maintainer. -Wed Aug 20 22:31:29 CEST 2003 updated ide boot uptions to current ide.c +Wed Aug 20 22:31:29 CEST 2003 updated ide boot options to current ide.c comments at 2.6.0-test4 time. Maciej Soltysiak <solt@dns.toxicfilms.tv> diff --git a/Documentation/input/amijoy.txt b/Documentation/input/amijoy.txt index 4f0e89df5c51..7dc4f175943c 100644 --- a/Documentation/input/amijoy.txt +++ b/Documentation/input/amijoy.txt @@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ JOY1DAT Y7 Y6 Y5 Y4 Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0 X7 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0 | 1 | M0HQ | JOY0DAT Horizontal Clock (quadrature) | | 2 | M0V | JOY0DAT Vertical Clock | | 3 | M0VQ | JOY0DAT Vertical Clock (quadrature) | - | 4 | M1V | JOY1DAT Horizontall Clock | - | 5 | M1VQ | JOY1DAT Horizontall Clock (quadrature) | + | 4 | M1V | JOY1DAT Horizontal Clock | + | 5 | M1VQ | JOY1DAT Horizontal Clock (quadrature) | | 6 | M1V | JOY1DAT Vertical Clock | | 7 | M1VQ | JOY1DAT Vertical Clock (quadrature) | +--------+----------+-----------------------------------------+ diff --git a/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt b/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt index 1e7e5853ba4c..668f4d0d97d6 100644 --- a/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt +++ b/Documentation/input/atarikbd.txt @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ LEFT=0x74 & RIGHT=0x75). 5.1 Joystick Event Reporting -In this mode, the ikbd generates a record whever the joystick position is +In this mode, the ikbd generates a record whenever the joystick position is changed (i.e. for each opening or closing of a joystick switch or trigger). The joystick event record is two bytes of the form: @@ -277,8 +277,8 @@ default to 1 at RESET (or power-up). 9.7 SET MOUSE SCALE 0x0C - X ; horizontal mouse ticks per internel X - Y ; vertical mouse ticks per internel Y + X ; horizontal mouse ticks per internal X + Y ; vertical mouse ticks per internal Y This command sets the scale factor for the ABSOLUTE MOUSE POSITIONING mode. In this mode, the specified number of mouse phase changes ('clicks') must @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ mouse position. 0x0F This command makes the origin of the Y axis to be at the bottom of the -logical coordinate system internel to the ikbd for all relative or absolute +logical coordinate system internal to the ikbd for all relative or absolute mouse motion. This causes mouse motion toward the user to be negative in sign and away from the user to be positive. @@ -597,8 +597,8 @@ mode or FIRE BUTTON MONITORING mode. 10. SCAN CODES -The key scan codes return by the ikbd are chosen to simplify the -implementaion of GSX. +The key scan codes returned by the ikbd are chosen to simplify the +implementation of GSX. GSX Standard Keyboard Mapping. diff --git a/Documentation/input/yealink.txt b/Documentation/input/yealink.txt index 0a8c97e87d47..5360e434486c 100644 --- a/Documentation/input/yealink.txt +++ b/Documentation/input/yealink.txt @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ Reading /sys/../lineX will return the format string with its current value: 888888888888 Linux Rocks! -Writing to /sys/../lineX will set the coresponding LCD line. +Writing to /sys/../lineX will set the corresponding LCD line. - Excess characters are ignored. - If less characters are written than allowed, the remaining digits are unchanged. diff --git a/Documentation/ioctl/cdrom.txt b/Documentation/ioctl/cdrom.txt index 8ec32cc49eb1..62d4af44ec4a 100644 --- a/Documentation/ioctl/cdrom.txt +++ b/Documentation/ioctl/cdrom.txt @@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ CDROM_DISC_STATUS Get disc type, etc. Ok, this is where problems start. The current interface for the CDROM_DISC_STATUS ioctl is flawed. It makes the false assumption that CDs are all CDS_DATA_1 or all CDS_AUDIO, etc. - Unfortunatly, while this is often the case, it is also + Unfortunately, while this is often the case, it is also very common for CDs to have some tracks with data, and some tracks with audio. Just because I feel like it, I declare the following to be the best way to cope. If the CD has diff --git a/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt b/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt index 50f4eddf899c..4b3d6710c504 100644 --- a/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt +++ b/Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt @@ -227,9 +227,9 @@ more details, with real examples. be included in a library, lib.a. All objects listed with lib-y are combined in a single library for that directory. - Objects that are listed in obj-y and additionaly listed in - lib-y will not be included in the library, since they will anyway - be accessible. + Objects that are listed in obj-y and additionally listed in + lib-y will not be included in the library, since they will + be accessible anyway. For consistency, objects listed in lib-m will be included in lib.a. Note that the same kbuild makefile may list files to be built-in @@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ Both possibilities are described in the following. Host programs can be made up based on composite objects. The syntax used to define composite objects for host programs is similar to the syntax used for kernel objects. - $(<executeable>-objs) lists all objects used to link the final + $(<executable>-objs) lists all objects used to link the final executable. Example: @@ -1022,7 +1022,7 @@ When kbuild executes, the following steps are followed (roughly): In this example, there are two possible targets, requiring different options to the linker. The linker options are specified using the LDFLAGS_$@ syntax - one for each potential target. - $(targets) are assinged all potential targets, by which kbuild knows + $(targets) are assigned all potential targets, by which kbuild knows the targets and will: 1) check for commandline changes 2) delete target during make clean diff --git a/Documentation/keys.txt b/Documentation/keys.txt index 3da586bc7859..60c665d9cfaa 100644 --- a/Documentation/keys.txt +++ b/Documentation/keys.txt @@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ about the status of the key service: R Revoked D Dead Q Contributes to user's quota - U Under contruction by callback to userspace + U Under construction by callback to userspace N Negative key This file must be enabled at kernel configuration time as it allows anyone diff --git a/Documentation/laptop-mode.txt b/Documentation/laptop-mode.txt index c487186eb2b9..6f639e3473af 100644 --- a/Documentation/laptop-mode.txt +++ b/Documentation/laptop-mode.txt @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ contains the following options: MAX_AGE: Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are -confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this +comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this amount of work if your battery fails while you're in laptop mode. MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES: @@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as --------------------CONFIG FILE BEGIN------------------------------------------- # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are -# confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this +# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this # amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode. #MAX_AGE=600 @@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ fi # set defaults instead: # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are -# confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this +# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this # amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode. MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'} @@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ ACPI integration Dax Kelson submitted this so that the ACPI acpid daemon will kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm. The part that automatically disables laptop mode when the battery is low was -writen by Jan Topinski. +written by Jan Topinski. -----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter BEGIN------------------------------ event=ac_adapter diff --git a/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt b/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt index 7751704b6db1..58408dd023c7 100644 --- a/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt +++ b/Documentation/memory-barriers.txt @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ There are some minimal guarantees that may be expected of a CPU: STORE *X = c, d = LOAD *X - (Loads and stores overlap if they are targetted at overlapping pieces of + (Loads and stores overlap if they are targeted at overlapping pieces of memory). And there are a number of things that _must_ or _must_not_ be assumed: diff --git a/Documentation/networking/NAPI_HOWTO.txt b/Documentation/networking/NAPI_HOWTO.txt index 93af3e87c65b..fb8dc6422a52 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/NAPI_HOWTO.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/NAPI_HOWTO.txt @@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ There are two types of event register ACK mechanisms. Move all to dev->poll() C) Ability to detect new work correctly. -NAPI works by shutting down event interrupts when theres work and -turning them on when theres none. +NAPI works by shutting down event interrupts when there's work and +turning them on when there's none. New packets might show up in the small window while interrupts were being re-enabled (refer to appendix 2). A packet might sneak in during the period we are enabling interrupts. We only get to know about such a packet when the @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Locking rules and environmental guarantees only one CPU can pick the initial interrupt and hence the initial netif_rx_schedule(dev); - The core layer invokes devices to send packets in a round robin format. -This implies receive is totaly lockless because of the guarantee only that +This implies receive is totally lockless because of the guarantee that only one CPU is executing it. - contention can only be the result of some other CPU accessing the rx ring. This happens only in close() and suspend() (when these methods @@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ static int my_poll (struct net_device *dev, int *budget) an interrupt will be generated */ goto done; } - /* done! at least thats what it looks like ;-> + /* done! at least that's what it looks like ;-> if new packets came in after our last check on status bits they'll be caught by the while check and we go back and clear them since we havent exceeded our quota */ @@ -535,11 +535,11 @@ done: * 1. it can race with disabling irqs in irq handler (which are done to * schedule polls) * 2. it can race with dis/enabling irqs in other poll threads - * 3. if an irq raised after the begining of the outer beginning - * loop(marked in the code above), it will be immediately + * 3. if an irq raised after the beginning of the outer beginning + * loop (marked in the code above), it will be immediately * triggered here. * - * Summarizing: the logic may results in some redundant irqs both + * Summarizing: the logic may result in some redundant irqs both * due to races in masking and due to too late acking of already * processed irqs. The good news: no events are ever lost. */ @@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ a) 5) dev->close() and dev->suspend() issues ========================================== -The driver writter neednt worry about this. The top net layer takes +The driver writer needn't worry about this; the top net layer takes care of it. 6) Adding new Stats to /proc @@ -622,9 +622,9 @@ FC should be programmed to apply in the case when the system cant pull out packets fast enough i.e send a pause only when you run out of rx buffers. Note FC in itself is a good solution but we have found it to not be much of a commodity feature (both in NICs and switches) and hence falls -under the same category as using NIC based mitigation. Also experiments -indicate that its much harder to resolve the resource allocation -issue (aka lazy receiving that NAPI offers) and hence quantify its usefullness +under the same category as using NIC based mitigation. Also, experiments +indicate that it's much harder to resolve the resource allocation +issue (aka lazy receiving that NAPI offers) and hence quantify its usefulness proved harder. In any case, FC works even better with NAPI but is not necessary. @@ -678,10 +678,10 @@ routine: CSR5 bit of interest is only the rx status. If you look at the last if statement: you just finished grabbing all the packets from the rx ring .. you check if -status bit says theres more packets just in ... it says none; you then +status bit says there are more packets just in ... it says none; you then enable rx interrupts again; if a new packet just came in during this check, we are counting that CSR5 will be set in that small window of opportunity -and that by re-enabling interrupts, we would actually triger an interrupt +and that by re-enabling interrupts, we would actually trigger an interrupt to register the new packet for processing. [The above description nay be very verbose, if you have better wording diff --git a/Documentation/networking/cs89x0.txt b/Documentation/networking/cs89x0.txt index 64896470e279..6387d3decf85 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/cs89x0.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/cs89x0.txt @@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ c) The driver's hardware probe routine is designed to avoid with device probing. To avoid this behaviour, add one to the `io=' module parameter. This doesn't actually change the I/O address, but it is a flag to tell the driver - topartially initialise the hardware before trying to + to partially initialise the hardware before trying to identify the card. This could be dangerous if you are not sure that there is a cs89x0 card at the provided address. @@ -620,8 +620,8 @@ I/O Address Device IRQ Device 12 Mouse (PS/2) Memory Address Device 13 Math Coprocessor -------------- --------------------- 14 Hard Disk controller -A000-BFFF EGA Graphics Adpater -A000-C7FF VGA Graphics Adpater +A000-BFFF EGA Graphics Adapter +A000-C7FF VGA Graphics Adapter B000-BFFF Mono Graphics Adapter B800-BFFF Color Graphics Adapter E000-FFFF AT BIOS diff --git a/Documentation/networking/iphase.txt b/Documentation/networking/iphase.txt index 493203a080a8..55eac4a784e2 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/iphase.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/iphase.txt @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Installation 1M. The RAM size decides the number of buffers and buffer size. The default size and number of buffers are set as following: - Totol Rx RAM Tx RAM Rx Buf Tx Buf Rx buf Tx buf + Total Rx RAM Tx RAM Rx Buf Tx Buf Rx buf Tx buf RAM size size size size size cnt cnt -------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 128K 64K 64K 10K 10K 6 6 diff --git a/Documentation/networking/packet_mmap.txt b/Documentation/networking/packet_mmap.txt index 12a008a5c221..5a232d946be3 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/packet_mmap.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/packet_mmap.txt @@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ the necessary memory, so normally limits can be reached. ------------------- If you check the source code you will see that what I draw here as a frame -is not only the link level frame. At the begining of each frame there is a +is not only the link level frame. At the beginning of each frame there is a header called struct tpacket_hdr used in PACKET_MMAP to hold link level's frame meta information like timestamp. So what we draw here a frame it's really the following (from include/linux/if_packet.h): diff --git a/Documentation/networking/pktgen.txt b/Documentation/networking/pktgen.txt index c8eee23be8c0..c6cf4a3c16e0 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/pktgen.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/pktgen.txt @@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ Current: Result: OK: 13101142(c12220741+d880401) usec, 10000000 (60byte,0frags) 763292pps 390Mb/sec (390805504bps) errors: 39664 -Confguring threads and devices -============================== +Configuring threads and devices +================================ This is done via the /proc interface easiest done via pgset in the scripts Examples: @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ Examples: there must be no spaces between the arguments. Leading zeros are required. Do not set the bottom of stack bit, - thats done automatically. If you do + that's done automatically. If you do set the bottom of stack bit, that indicates that you want to randomly generate that address and the flag diff --git a/Documentation/networking/proc_net_tcp.txt b/Documentation/networking/proc_net_tcp.txt index 59cb915c3713..5e21f7cb6383 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/proc_net_tcp.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/proc_net_tcp.txt @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ up into 3 parts because of the length of the line): 1000 0 54165785 4 cd1e6040 25 4 27 3 -1 | | | | | | | | | |--> slow start size threshold, - | | | | | | | | | or -1 if the treshold + | | | | | | | | | or -1 if the threshold | | | | | | | | | is >= 0xFFFF | | | | | | | | |----> sending congestion window | | | | | | | |-------> (ack.quick<<1)|ack.pingpong diff --git a/Documentation/networking/sk98lin.txt b/Documentation/networking/sk98lin.txt index 4e1cc745ec63..8590a954df1d 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/sk98lin.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/sk98lin.txt @@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ Possible modes: depending on the load of the system. If the driver detects that the system load is too high, the driver tries to shield the system against too much network load by enabling interrupt moderation. If - at a later - time - the CPU utilizaton decreases again (or if the network load is + time - the CPU utilization decreases again (or if the network load is negligible) the interrupt moderation will automatically be disabled. Interrupt moderation should be used when the driver has to handle one or more diff --git a/Documentation/networking/slicecom.txt b/Documentation/networking/slicecom.txt index 2f04c9267f89..32d3b916afad 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/slicecom.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/slicecom.txt @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ comx0/boardnum - board number of the SliceCom in the PC (using the 'natural' Though the options below are to be set on a single interface, they apply to the whole board. The restriction, to use them on 'UP' interfaces, is because the -command sequence below could lead to unpredicable results. +command sequence below could lead to unpredictable results. # echo 0 >boardnum # echo internal >clock_source diff --git a/Documentation/networking/wan-router.txt b/Documentation/networking/wan-router.txt index 0cf654147634..653978dcea7f 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/wan-router.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/wan-router.txt @@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ beta-2.1.4 Jul 2000 o Dynamic interface configuration: beta3-2.1.4 Jul 2000 o X25 M_BIT Problem fix. o Added the Multi-Port PPP - Updated utilites for the Multi-Port PPP. + Updated utilities for the Multi-Port PPP. 2.1.4 Aut 2000 o In X25API: @@ -444,13 +444,13 @@ beta1-2.1.5 Nov 15 2000 o Cpipemon - Added set FT1 commands to the cpipemon. Thus CSU/DSU - configuraiton can be performed using cpipemon. + configuration can be performed using cpipemon. All systems that cannot run cfgft1 GUI utility should use cpipemon to configure the on board CSU/DSU. o Keyboard Led Monitor/Debugger - - A new utilty /usr/sbin/wpkbdmon uses keyboard leds + - A new utility /usr/sbin/wpkbdmon uses keyboard leds to convey operational statistic information of the Sangoma WANPIPE cards. NUM_LOCK = Line State (On=connected, Off=disconnected) @@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ beta1-2.1.5 Nov 15 2000 - Appropriate number of devices are dynamically loaded based on the number of Sangoma cards found. - Note: The kernel configuraiton option + Note: The kernel configuration option CONFIG_WANPIPE_CARDS has been taken out. o Fixed the Frame Relay and Chdlc network interfaces so they are diff --git a/Documentation/pnp.txt b/Documentation/pnp.txt index 9ff966bf76e6..28037aa1846c 100644 --- a/Documentation/pnp.txt +++ b/Documentation/pnp.txt @@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ static const struct pnp_id pnp_dev_table[] = { Please note that the character 'X' can be used as a wild card in the function portion (last four characters). ex: - /* Unkown PnP modems */ + /* Unknown PnP modems */ { "PNPCXXX", UNKNOWN_DEV }, Supported PnP card IDs can optionally be defined. diff --git a/Documentation/power/pci.txt b/Documentation/power/pci.txt index 24edf25b3bb7..c750f9f2e76e 100644 --- a/Documentation/power/pci.txt +++ b/Documentation/power/pci.txt @@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ Description: events, which is implicit if it doesn't even support it in the first place). - Note that the PMC Register in the device's PM Capabilties has a bitmask + Note that the PMC Register in the device's PM Capabilities has a bitmask of the states it supports generating PME# from. D3hot is bit 3 and D3cold is bit 4. So, while a value of 4 as the state may not seem semantically correct, it is. @@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ to wake the system up. (However, it is possible that a device may support some non-standard way of generating a wake event on sleep.) Bits 15:11 of the PMC (Power Mgmt Capabilities) Register in a device's -PM Capabilties describe what power states the device supports generating a +PM Capabilities describe what power states the device supports generating a wake event from: +------------------+ diff --git a/Documentation/power/states.txt b/Documentation/power/states.txt index 3e5e5d3ff419..0931a330d362 100644 --- a/Documentation/power/states.txt +++ b/Documentation/power/states.txt @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ setup via another operating system for it to use. Despite the inconvenience, this method requires minimal work by the kernel, since the firmware will also handle restoring memory contents on resume. -If the kernel is responsible for persistantly saving state, a mechanism +If the kernel is responsible for persistently saving state, a mechanism called 'swsusp' (Swap Suspend) is used to write memory contents to free swap space. swsusp has some restrictive requirements, but should work in most cases. Some, albeit outdated, documentation can be found diff --git a/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt b/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt index 9ea2208b43b5..e635e6f1e316 100644 --- a/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt +++ b/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt @@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ add: If the thread is needed for writing the image to storage, you should instead set the PF_NOFREEZE process flag when creating the thread (and -be very carefull). +be very careful). Q: What is the difference between "platform", "shutdown" and diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/booting-without-of.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/booting-without-of.txt index 27b457c09729..4ac2d641fcb6 100644 --- a/Documentation/powerpc/booting-without-of.txt +++ b/Documentation/powerpc/booting-without-of.txt @@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ - Change version 16 format to always align property data to 4 bytes. Since tokens are already aligned, that means no specific - required alignement between property size + required alignment between property size and property data. The old style variable alignment would make it impossible to do "simple" insertion of properties using memove (thanks Milton for noticing). Updated kernel patch as well - - Correct a few more alignement constraints + - Correct a few more alignment constraints - Add a chapter about the device-tree compiler and the textural representation of the tree that can be "compiled" by dtc. @@ -854,7 +854,7 @@ address which can extend beyond that limit. console device if any. Typically, if you have serial devices on your board, you may want to put the full path to the one set as the default console in the firmware here, for the kernel to pick - it up as it's own default console. If you look at the funciton + it up as its own default console. If you look at the function set_preferred_console() in arch/ppc64/kernel/setup.c, you'll see that the kernel tries to find out the default console and has knowledge of various types like 8250 serial ports. You may want @@ -1124,7 +1124,7 @@ should have the following properties: - interrupt-parent : contains the phandle of the interrupt controller which handles interrupts for this device - interrupts : a list of tuples representing the interrupt - number and the interrupt sense and level for each interupt + number and the interrupt sense and level for each interrupt for this device. This information is used by the kernel to build the interrupt table diff --git a/Documentation/robust-futex-ABI.txt b/Documentation/robust-futex-ABI.txt index 8529a17ffaa1..535f69fab45f 100644 --- a/Documentation/robust-futex-ABI.txt +++ b/Documentation/robust-futex-ABI.txt @@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ any point: 1) the 'head' pointer or an subsequent linked list pointer is not a valid address of a user space word 2) the calculated location of the 'lock word' (address plus - 'offset') is not the valud address of a 32 bit user space + 'offset') is not the valid address of a 32 bit user space word 3) if the list contains more than 1 million (subject to future kernel configuration changes) elements. diff --git a/Documentation/robust-futexes.txt b/Documentation/robust-futexes.txt index 76e8064b8c3a..0a9446a53bd1 100644 --- a/Documentation/robust-futexes.txt +++ b/Documentation/robust-futexes.txt @@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ for new threads, without the need of another syscall.] So there is virtually zero overhead for tasks not using robust futexes, and even for robust futex users, there is only one extra syscall per thread lifetime, and the cleanup operation, if it happens, is fast and -straightforward. The kernel doesnt have any internal distinction between +straightforward. The kernel doesn't have any internal distinction between robust and normal futexes. If a futex is found to be held at exit time, the kernel sets the diff --git a/Documentation/s390/crypto/crypto-API.txt b/Documentation/s390/crypto/crypto-API.txt index 29dee792c887..41a8b07da05a 100644 --- a/Documentation/s390/crypto/crypto-API.txt +++ b/Documentation/s390/crypto/crypto-API.txt @@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ name of the respective module is given in square brackets. - SHA1 Digest Algorithm [sha1 -> sha1_z990] - DES Encrypt/Decrypt Algorithm (64bit key) [des -> des_z990] -- Tripple DES Encrypt/Decrypt Algorithm (128bit key) [des3_ede128 -> des_z990] -- Tripple DES Encrypt/Decrypt Algorithm (192bit key) [des3_ede -> des_z990] +- Triple DES Encrypt/Decrypt Algorithm (128bit key) [des3_ede128 -> des_z990] +- Triple DES Encrypt/Decrypt Algorithm (192bit key) [des3_ede -> des_z990] In order to load, for example, the sha1_z990 module when the sha1 algorithm is requested (see 3.2.) add 'alias sha1 sha1_z990' to /etc/modprobe.conf. diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt b/Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt index 904d49e90ef2..6aa9a891f3d0 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ The following information is available in this file: - Correct a reference to free'ed memory during controller shutdown. - Reset the bus on an SE->LVD change. This is required - to reset our transcievers. + to reset our transceivers. 1.3.5 (March 24th, 2003) - Fix a few register window mode bugs. @@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ The following information is available in this file: 1.3.0 (January 21st, 2003) - Full regression testing for all U320 products completed. - Added abort and target/lun reset error recovery handler and - interrupt coalessing. + interrupt coalescing. 1.2.0 (November 14th, 2002) - Added support for Domain Validation diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx_old.txt b/Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx_old.txt index c92f4473193b..05667e7308d4 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx_old.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx_old.txt @@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ linux-1.1.x and fairly stable since linux-1.2.x, and are also in FreeBSD En/Disable High Byte LVD Termination The upper 2 bits that deal with LVD termination only apply to Ultra2 - controllers. Futhermore, due to the current Ultra2 controller + controllers. Furthermore, due to the current Ultra2 controller designs, these bits are tied together such that setting either bit enables both low and high byte LVD termination. It is not possible to only set high or low byte LVD termination in this manner. This is @@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ linux-1.1.x and fairly stable since linux-1.2.x, and are also in FreeBSD the commas to periods, insmod won't interpret this as more than one string and write junk into our binary image. I consider it a bug in the insmod program that even if you wrap your string in quotes (quotes - that pass the shell mind you and that insmod sees) it still treates + that pass the shell mind you and that insmod sees) it still treats a comma inside of those quotes as starting a new variable, resulting in memory scribbles if you don't switch the commas to periods. diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ibmmca.txt b/Documentation/scsi/ibmmca.txt index 35f6b8ed2295..9707941704e3 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/ibmmca.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/ibmmca.txt @@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ This needs the RD-Bit to be disabled on IM_OTHER_SCSI_CMD_CMD which allows data to be written from the system to the device. It is a necessary step to be allowed to set blocksize of SCSI-tape-drives and - the tape-speed, whithout confusing the SCSI-Subsystem. + the tape-speed, without confusing the SCSI-Subsystem. 2) The recognition of a tape is included in the check_devices routine. This is done by checking for TYPE_TAPE, that is already defined in the kernel-scsi-environment. The markup of a tape is done in the @@ -710,8 +710,8 @@ of troubles with some controllers and after I wanted to apply some extensions, it jumped out in the same situation, on my w/cache, as like on D. Weinehalls' Model 56, having integrated SCSI. This gave me the - descissive hint to move the code-part out and declare it global. Now, - it seems to work by far much better an more stable. Let us see, what + decisive hint to move the code-part out and declare it global. Now + it seems to work far better and more stable. Let us see what the world thinks of it... 3) By the way, only Sony DAT-drives seem to show density code 0x13. A test with a HP drive gave right results, so the problem is vendor- @@ -822,10 +822,10 @@ A long period of collecting bugreports from all corners of the world now lead to the following corrections to the code: 1) SCSI-2 F/W support crashed with a COMMAND ERROR. The reason for this - was, that it is possible to disbale Fast-SCSI for the external bus. - The feature-control command, where this crash appeared regularly tried + was that it is possible to disable Fast-SCSI for the external bus. + The feature-control command, where this crash appeared regularly, tried to set the maximum speed of 10MHz synchronous transfer speed and that - reports a COMMAND ERROR, if external bus Fast-SCSI is disabled. Now, + reports a COMMAND ERROR if external bus Fast-SCSI is disabled. Now, the feature-command probes down from maximum speed until the adapter stops to complain, which is at the same time the maximum possible speed selected in the reference program. So, F/W external can run at @@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ completed in such a way, that they are now completely conform to the demands in the technical description of IBM. Main candidates were the DEVICE_INQUIRY, REQUEST_SENSE and DEVICE_CAPACITY commands. They must - be tranferred by bypassing the internal command buffer of the adapter + be transferred by bypassing the internal command buffer of the adapter or else the response can be a random result. GET_POS_INFO would be more safe in usage, if one could use the SUPRESS_EXCEPTION_SHORT, but this is not allowed by the technical references of IBM. (Sorry, folks, the diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/in2000.txt b/Documentation/scsi/in2000.txt index 80f104042645..c3e2a90475d2 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/in2000.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/in2000.txt @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ UPDATE NEWS: version 1.32 - 28 Mar 98 UPDATE NEWS: version 1.31 - 6 Jul 97 Fixed a bug that caused incorrect SCSI status bytes to be - returned from commands sent to LUN's greater than 0. This + returned from commands sent to LUNs greater than 0. This means that CDROM changers work now! Fixed a bug in the handling of command-line arguments when loaded as a module. Also put all the header data in in2000.h where it belongs. diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/libsas.txt b/Documentation/scsi/libsas.txt index 9e2078b2a615..aa54f54c4a50 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/libsas.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/libsas.txt @@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ struct sas_task { task_proto -- _one_ of enum sas_proto scatter -- pointer to scatter gather list array num_scatter -- number of elements in scatter - total_xfer_len -- total number of bytes expected to be transfered + total_xfer_len -- total number of bytes expected to be transferred data_dir -- PCI_DMA_... task_done -- callback when the task has finished execution }; diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/ncr53c8xx.txt b/Documentation/scsi/ncr53c8xx.txt index 58ad8db333d9..caf10b155185 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/ncr53c8xx.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/ncr53c8xx.txt @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ SCSI standard documentations are available at SYMBIOS ftp server: ftp://ftp.symbios.com/ -Usefull SCSI tools written by Eric Youngdale are available at tsx-11: +Useful SCSI tools written by Eric Youngdale are available at tsx-11: ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/ALPHA/scsi/scsiinfo-X.Y.tar.gz ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/ALPHA/scsi/scsidev-X.Y.tar.gz diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/scsi-changer.txt b/Documentation/scsi/scsi-changer.txt index d74bbd29eb3a..032399b16a53 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/scsi-changer.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/scsi-changer.txt @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ If the module finds the changer, it prints some messages about the device [ try "dmesg" if you don't see anything ] and should show up in /proc/devices. If not.... some changers use ID ? / LUN 0 for the device and ID ? / LUN 1 for the robot mechanism. But Linux does *not* -look for LUN's other than 0 as default, becauce there are to many +look for LUNs other than 0 as default, because there are too many broken devices. So you can try: 1) echo "scsi add-single-device 0 0 ID 1" > /proc/scsi/scsi @@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ because the kernel will translate the error codes into human-readable strings then. You can display these messages with the dmesg command (or check the -logfiles). If you email me some question becauce of a problem with the +logfiles). If you email me some question because of a problem with the driver, please include these messages. diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/scsi_eh.txt b/Documentation/scsi/scsi_eh.txt index b964eef2f62f..7acbebb17fa6 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/scsi_eh.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/scsi_eh.txt @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ with the command. - otherwise scsi_eh_scmd_add(scmd, 0) is invoked for the command. See - [1-3] for details of this funciton. + [1-3] for details of this function. [1-2-2] Completing a scmd w/ timeout diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/st.txt b/Documentation/scsi/st.txt index 5ff65b184265..3c12422f7f41 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/st.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/st.txt @@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ pairs are separated with a comma (no spaces allowed). A colon can be used instead of the equal mark. The definition is prepended by the string st=. Here is an example: - st=buffer_kbs:64,write_threhold_kbs:60 + st=buffer_kbs:64,write_threshold_kbs:60 The following syntax used by the old kernel versions is also supported: diff --git a/Documentation/scsi/sym53c8xx_2.txt b/Documentation/scsi/sym53c8xx_2.txt index 26c8a08ca3ea..2c1745a9df00 100644 --- a/Documentation/scsi/sym53c8xx_2.txt +++ b/Documentation/scsi/sym53c8xx_2.txt @@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ appropriate mailing lists or news-groups. Send me a copy in order to be sure I will receive it. Obviously, a bug in the driver code is possible. - My cyrrent email address: Gerard Roudier <groudier@free.fr> + My current email address: Gerard Roudier <groudier@free.fr> Allowing disconnections is important if you use several devices on your SCSI bus but often causes problems with buggy devices. diff --git a/Documentation/sharedsubtree.txt b/Documentation/sharedsubtree.txt index 2d8f403eb6eb..ccf1cebe744f 100644 --- a/Documentation/sharedsubtree.txt +++ b/Documentation/sharedsubtree.txt @@ -942,13 +942,13 @@ replicas continue to be exactly same. ->mnt_slave ->mnt_master - ->mnt_share links togather all the mount to/from which this vfsmount + ->mnt_share links together all the mount to/from which this vfsmount send/receives propagation events. ->mnt_slave_list links all the mounts to which this vfsmount propagates to. - ->mnt_slave links togather all the slaves that its master vfsmount + ->mnt_slave links together all the slaves that its master vfsmount propagates to. ->mnt_master points to the master vfsmount from which this vfsmount diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt b/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt index 3472d9c4ef1b..9fef210ab50a 100644 --- a/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt +++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa/ALSA-Configuration.txt @@ -955,7 +955,7 @@ Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed. dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8, phase88, mediastation omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66 - cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transciever) + cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver) in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec) This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audigy-mixer.txt b/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audigy-mixer.txt index 5132fd95e074..7f10dc6ff28c 100644 --- a/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audigy-mixer.txt +++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa/Audigy-mixer.txt @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ This is based on SB-Live-mixer.txt. The EMU10K2 chips have a DSP part which can be programmed to support various ways of sample processing, which is described here. -(This acticle does not deal with the overall functionality of the +(This article does not deal with the overall functionality of the EMU10K2 chips. See the manuals section for further details.) The ALSA driver programs this portion of chip by default code diff --git a/Documentation/sound/alsa/SB-Live-mixer.txt b/Documentation/sound/alsa/SB-Live-mixer.txt index 651adaf60473..f5639d40521d 100644 --- a/Documentation/sound/alsa/SB-Live-mixer.txt +++ b/Documentation/sound/alsa/SB-Live-mixer.txt @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ The EMU10K1 chips have a DSP part which can be programmed to support various ways of sample processing, which is described here. -(This acticle does not deal with the overall functionality of the +(This article does not deal with the overall functionality of the EMU10K1 chips. See the manuals section for further details.) The ALSA driver programs this portion of chip by default code diff --git a/Documentation/stable_kernel_rules.txt b/Documentation/stable_kernel_rules.txt index 02a481225b0d..c815c5206e84 100644 --- a/Documentation/stable_kernel_rules.txt +++ b/Documentation/stable_kernel_rules.txt @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Review cycle: Contact the kernel security team for more details on this procedure. -Review committe: +Review committee: - This is made up of a number of kernel developers who have volunteered for this task, and a few that haven't. diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt index 5c3a51905969..aa986a35e994 100644 --- a/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt +++ b/Documentation/sysctl/fs.txt @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ or otherwise protected/tainted binaries. The modes are readable by root only. This allows the end user to remove such a dump but not access it directly. For security reasons core dumps in this mode will not overwrite one another or - other files. This mode is appropriate when adminstrators are + other files. This mode is appropriate when administrators are attempting to debug problems in a normal environment. ============================================================== diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt index 20d0d797f539..e96a341eb7e4 100644 --- a/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt +++ b/Documentation/sysctl/vm.txt @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ the high water marks for each per cpu page list. zone_reclaim_mode: -Zone_reclaim_mode allows to set more or less agressive approaches to +Zone_reclaim_mode allows someone to set more or less aggressive approaches to reclaim memory when a zone runs out of memory. If it is set to zero then no zone reclaim occurs. Allocations will be satisfied from other zones / nodes in the system. diff --git a/Documentation/uml/UserModeLinux-HOWTO.txt b/Documentation/uml/UserModeLinux-HOWTO.txt index b60590eca18f..628013f944c4 100644 --- a/Documentation/uml/UserModeLinux-HOWTO.txt +++ b/Documentation/uml/UserModeLinux-HOWTO.txt @@ -1477,7 +1477,7 @@ - Making it world-writeable looks bad, but it seems not to be + Making it world-writable looks bad, but it seems not to be exploitable as a security hole. However, it does allow anyone to cre- ate useless tap devices (useless because they can't configure them), which is a DOS attack. A somewhat more secure alternative would to be diff --git a/Documentation/usb/hiddev.txt b/Documentation/usb/hiddev.txt index 6a790754e963..6e8c9f1d2f22 100644 --- a/Documentation/usb/hiddev.txt +++ b/Documentation/usb/hiddev.txt @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ interfaces, but have similar sorts of communication needs. The two big examples for this are power devices (especially uninterruptable power supplies) and monitor control on higher end monitors. -To support these disparite requirements, the Linux USB system provides +To support these disparate requirements, the Linux USB system provides HID events to two separate interfaces: * the input subsystem, which converts HID events into normal input device interfaces (such as keyboard, mouse and joystick) and a diff --git a/Documentation/usb/rio.txt b/Documentation/usb/rio.txt index ab21db454694..aee715af7db7 100644 --- a/Documentation/usb/rio.txt +++ b/Documentation/usb/rio.txt @@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ are in no way responsible for any damage that may occur, no matter how inconsequential. It seems that the Rio has a problem when sending .mp3 with low batteries. -I suggest when the batteries are low and want to transfer stuff that you +I suggest when the batteries are low and you want to transfer stuff that you replace it with a fresh one. In my case, what happened is I lost two 16kb blocks (they are no longer usable to store information to it). But I don't -know if thats normal or not. It could simply be a problem with the flash +know if that's normal or not; it could simply be a problem with the flash memory. In an extreme case, I left my Rio playing overnight and the batteries wore diff --git a/Documentation/usb/usb-serial.txt b/Documentation/usb/usb-serial.txt index 50436e1663ea..d61f6e7865de 100644 --- a/Documentation/usb/usb-serial.txt +++ b/Documentation/usb/usb-serial.txt @@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ Keyspan USA-series Serial Adapters Current status: The USA-18X, USA-28X, USA-19, USA-19W and USA-49W are supported and - have been pretty throughly tested at various baud rates with 8-N-1 + have been pretty thoroughly tested at various baud rates with 8-N-1 character settings. Other character lengths and parity setups are presently untested. @@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ Cypress M8 CY4601 Family Serial Driver together without hacking the adapter to set the line high. The driver is smp safe. Performance with the driver is rather low when using - it for transfering files. This is being worked on, but I would be willing to + it for transferring files. This is being worked on, but I would be willing to accept patches. An urb queue or packet buffer would likely fit the bill here. If you have any questions, problems, patches, feature requests, etc. you can @@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ Belkin USB Serial Adapter F5U103 Parity N,E,O,M,S Handshake None, Software (XON/XOFF), Hardware (CTSRTS,CTSDTR)* Break Set and clear - Line contrl Input/Output query and control ** + Line control Input/Output query and control ** * Hardware input flow control is only enabled for firmware levels above 2.06. Read source code comments describing Belkin @@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ Belkin USB Serial Adapter F5U103 automatic hardware flow control. TO DO List: - -- Add true modem contol line query capability. Currently tracks the + -- Add true modem control line query capability. Currently tracks the states reported by the interrupt and the states requested. -- Add error reporting back to application for UART error conditions. -- Add support for flush ioctls. diff --git a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-api.txt b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-api.txt index 7e8ae83e9847..8d16f6f3c4ec 100644 --- a/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-api.txt +++ b/Documentation/watchdog/watchdog-api.txt @@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ returned value is the temperature in degrees fahrenheit. Finally the SETOPTIONS ioctl can be used to control some aspects of the cards operation; right now the pcwd driver is the only one -supporting thiss ioctl. +supporting this ioctl. int options = 0; ioctl(fd, WDIOC_SETOPTIONS, options); |