diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c')
| -rw-r--r-- | arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c | 535 |
1 files changed, 535 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..7603c0553909 --- /dev/null +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/tsc.c @@ -0,0 +1,535 @@ +#include <linux/kernel.h> +#include <linux/sched.h> +#include <linux/init.h> +#include <linux/module.h> +#include <linux/timer.h> +#include <linux/acpi_pmtmr.h> +#include <linux/cpufreq.h> +#include <linux/dmi.h> +#include <linux/delay.h> +#include <linux/clocksource.h> +#include <linux/percpu.h> + +#include <asm/hpet.h> +#include <asm/timer.h> +#include <asm/vgtod.h> +#include <asm/time.h> +#include <asm/delay.h> + +unsigned int cpu_khz; /* TSC clocks / usec, not used here */ +EXPORT_SYMBOL(cpu_khz); +unsigned int tsc_khz; +EXPORT_SYMBOL(tsc_khz); + +/* + * TSC can be unstable due to cpufreq or due to unsynced TSCs + */ +static int tsc_unstable; + +/* native_sched_clock() is called before tsc_init(), so + we must start with the TSC soft disabled to prevent + erroneous rdtsc usage on !cpu_has_tsc processors */ +static int tsc_disabled = -1; + +/* + * Scheduler clock - returns current time in nanosec units. + */ +u64 native_sched_clock(void) +{ + u64 this_offset; + + /* + * Fall back to jiffies if there's no TSC available: + * ( But note that we still use it if the TSC is marked + * unstable. We do this because unlike Time Of Day, + * the scheduler clock tolerates small errors and it's + * very important for it to be as fast as the platform + * can achive it. ) + */ + if (unlikely(tsc_disabled)) { + /* No locking but a rare wrong value is not a big deal: */ + return (jiffies_64 - INITIAL_JIFFIES) * (1000000000 / HZ); + } + + /* read the Time Stamp Counter: */ + rdtscll(this_offset); + + /* return the value in ns */ + return cycles_2_ns(this_offset); +} + +/* We need to define a real function for sched_clock, to override the + weak default version */ +#ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT +unsigned long long sched_clock(void) +{ + return paravirt_sched_clock(); +} +#else +unsigned long long +sched_clock(void) __attribute__((alias("native_sched_clock"))); +#endif + +int check_tsc_unstable(void) +{ + return tsc_unstable; +} +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(check_tsc_unstable); + +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_TSC +int __init notsc_setup(char *str) +{ + printk(KERN_WARNING "notsc: Kernel compiled with CONFIG_X86_TSC, " + "cannot disable TSC completely.\n"); + tsc_disabled = 1; + return 1; +} +#else +/* + * disable flag for tsc. Takes effect by clearing the TSC cpu flag + * in cpu/common.c + */ +int __init notsc_setup(char *str) +{ + setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_TSC); + return 1; +} +#endif + +__setup("notsc", notsc_setup); + +#define MAX_RETRIES 5 +#define SMI_TRESHOLD 50000 + +/* + * Read TSC and the reference counters. Take care of SMI disturbance + */ +static u64 __init tsc_read_refs(u64 *pm, u64 *hpet) +{ + u64 t1, t2; + int i; + + for (i = 0; i < MAX_RETRIES; i++) { + t1 = get_cycles(); + if (hpet) + *hpet = hpet_readl(HPET_COUNTER) & 0xFFFFFFFF; + else + *pm = acpi_pm_read_early(); + t2 = get_cycles(); + if ((t2 - t1) < SMI_TRESHOLD) + return t2; + } + return ULLONG_MAX; +} + +/** + * native_calibrate_tsc - calibrate the tsc on boot + */ +unsigned long native_calibrate_tsc(void) +{ + unsigned long flags; + u64 tsc1, tsc2, tr1, tr2, delta, pm1, pm2, hpet1, hpet2; + int hpet = is_hpet_enabled(); + unsigned int tsc_khz_val = 0; + + local_irq_save(flags); + + tsc1 = tsc_read_refs(&pm1, hpet ? &hpet1 : NULL); + + outb((inb(0x61) & ~0x02) | 0x01, 0x61); + + outb(0xb0, 0x43); + outb((CLOCK_TICK_RATE / (1000 / 50)) & 0xff, 0x42); + outb((CLOCK_TICK_RATE / (1000 / 50)) >> 8, 0x42); + tr1 = get_cycles(); + while ((inb(0x61) & 0x20) == 0); + tr2 = get_cycles(); + + tsc2 = tsc_read_refs(&pm2, hpet ? &hpet2 : NULL); + + local_irq_restore(flags); + + /* + * Preset the result with the raw and inaccurate PIT + * calibration value + */ + delta = (tr2 - tr1); + do_div(delta, 50); + tsc_khz_val = delta; + + /* hpet or pmtimer available ? */ + if (!hpet && !pm1 && !pm2) { + printk(KERN_INFO "TSC calibrated against PIT\n"); + goto out; + } + + /* Check, whether the sampling was disturbed by an SMI */ + if (tsc1 == ULLONG_MAX || tsc2 == ULLONG_MAX) { + printk(KERN_WARNING "TSC calibration disturbed by SMI, " + "using PIT calibration result\n"); + goto out; + } + + tsc2 = (tsc2 - tsc1) * 1000000LL; + + if (hpet) { + printk(KERN_INFO "TSC calibrated against HPET\n"); + if (hpet2 < hpet1) + hpet2 += 0x100000000ULL; + hpet2 -= hpet1; + tsc1 = ((u64)hpet2 * hpet_readl(HPET_PERIOD)); + do_div(tsc1, 1000000); + } else { + printk(KERN_INFO "TSC calibrated against PM_TIMER\n"); + if (pm2 < pm1) + pm2 += (u64)ACPI_PM_OVRRUN; + pm2 -= pm1; + tsc1 = pm2 * 1000000000LL; + do_div(tsc1, PMTMR_TICKS_PER_SEC); + } + + do_div(tsc2, tsc1); + tsc_khz_val = tsc2; + +out: + return tsc_khz_val; +} + + +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32 +/* Only called from the Powernow K7 cpu freq driver */ +int recalibrate_cpu_khz(void) +{ +#ifndef CONFIG_SMP + unsigned long cpu_khz_old = cpu_khz; + + if (cpu_has_tsc) { + tsc_khz = calibrate_tsc(); + cpu_khz = tsc_khz; + cpu_data(0).loops_per_jiffy = + cpufreq_scale(cpu_data(0).loops_per_jiffy, + cpu_khz_old, cpu_khz); + return 0; + } else + return -ENODEV; +#else + return -ENODEV; +#endif +} + +EXPORT_SYMBOL(recalibrate_cpu_khz); + +#endif /* CONFIG_X86_32 */ + +/* Accelerators for sched_clock() + * convert from cycles(64bits) => nanoseconds (64bits) + * basic equation: + * ns = cycles / (freq / ns_per_sec) + * ns = cycles * (ns_per_sec / freq) + * ns = cycles * (10^9 / (cpu_khz * 10^3)) + * ns = cycles * (10^6 / cpu_khz) + * + * Then we use scaling math (suggested by george@mvista.com) to get: + * ns = cycles * (10^6 * SC / cpu_khz) / SC + * ns = cycles * cyc2ns_scale / SC + * + * And since SC is a constant power of two, we can convert the div + * into a shift. + * + * We can use khz divisor instead of mhz to keep a better precision, since + * cyc2ns_scale is limited to 10^6 * 2^10, which fits in 32 bits. + * (mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca) + * + * -johnstul@us.ibm.com "math is hard, lets go shopping!" + */ + +DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, cyc2ns); + +static void set_cyc2ns_scale(unsigned long cpu_khz, int cpu) +{ + unsigned long long tsc_now, ns_now; + unsigned long flags, *scale; + + local_irq_save(flags); + sched_clock_idle_sleep_event(); + + scale = &per_cpu(cyc2ns, cpu); + + rdtscll(tsc_now); + ns_now = __cycles_2_ns(tsc_now); + + if (cpu_khz) + *scale = (NSEC_PER_MSEC << CYC2NS_SCALE_FACTOR)/cpu_khz; + + sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event(0); + local_irq_restore(flags); +} + +#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_FREQ + +/* Frequency scaling support. Adjust the TSC based timer when the cpu frequency + * changes. + * + * RED-PEN: On SMP we assume all CPUs run with the same frequency. It's + * not that important because current Opteron setups do not support + * scaling on SMP anyroads. + * + * Should fix up last_tsc too. Currently gettimeofday in the + * first tick after the change will be slightly wrong. + */ + +static unsigned int ref_freq; +static unsigned long loops_per_jiffy_ref; +static unsigned long tsc_khz_ref; + +static int time_cpufreq_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long val, + void *data) +{ + struct cpufreq_freqs *freq = data; + unsigned long *lpj, dummy; + + if (cpu_has(&cpu_data(freq->cpu), X86_FEATURE_CONSTANT_TSC)) + return 0; + + lpj = &dummy; + if (!(freq->flags & CPUFREQ_CONST_LOOPS)) +#ifdef CONFIG_SMP + lpj = &cpu_data(freq->cpu).loops_per_jiffy; +#else + lpj = &boot_cpu_data.loops_per_jiffy; +#endif + + if (!ref_freq) { + ref_freq = freq->old; + loops_per_jiffy_ref = *lpj; + tsc_khz_ref = tsc_khz; + } + if ((val == CPUFREQ_PRECHANGE && freq->old < freq->new) || + (val == CPUFREQ_POSTCHANGE && freq->old > freq->new) || + (val == CPUFREQ_RESUMECHANGE)) { + *lpj = cpufreq_scale(loops_per_jiffy_ref, ref_freq, freq->new); + + tsc_khz = cpufreq_scale(tsc_khz_ref, ref_freq, freq->new); + if (!(freq->flags & CPUFREQ_CONST_LOOPS)) + mark_tsc_unstable("cpufreq changes"); + } + + set_cyc2ns_scale(tsc_khz_ref, freq->cpu); + + return 0; +} + +static struct notifier_block time_cpufreq_notifier_block = { + .notifier_call = time_cpufreq_notifier +}; + +static int __init cpufreq_tsc(void) +{ + cpufreq_register_notifier(&time_cpufreq_notifier_block, + CPUFREQ_TRANSITION_NOTIFIER); + return 0; +} + +core_initcall(cpufreq_tsc); + +#endif /* CONFIG_CPU_FREQ */ + +/* clocksource code */ + +static struct clocksource clocksource_tsc; + +/* + * We compare the TSC to the cycle_last value in the clocksource + * structure to avoid a nasty time-warp. This can be observed in a + * very small window right after one CPU updated cycle_last under + * xtime/vsyscall_gtod lock and the other CPU reads a TSC value which + * is smaller than the cycle_last reference value due to a TSC which + * is slighty behind. This delta is nowhere else observable, but in + * that case it results in a forward time jump in the range of hours + * due to the unsigned delta calculation of the time keeping core + * code, which is necessary to support wrapping clocksources like pm + * timer. + */ +static cycle_t read_tsc(void) +{ + cycle_t ret = (cycle_t)get_cycles(); + + return ret >= clocksource_tsc.cycle_last ? + ret : clocksource_tsc.cycle_last; +} + +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 +static cycle_t __vsyscall_fn vread_tsc(void) +{ + cycle_t ret = (cycle_t)vget_cycles(); + + return ret >= __vsyscall_gtod_data.clock.cycle_last ? + ret : __vsyscall_gtod_data.clock.cycle_last; +} +#endif + +static struct clocksource clocksource_tsc = { + .name = "tsc", + .rating = 300, + .read = read_tsc, + .mask = CLOCKSOURCE_MASK(64), + .shift = 22, + .flags = CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS | + CLOCK_SOURCE_MUST_VERIFY, +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + .vread = vread_tsc, +#endif +}; + +void mark_tsc_unstable(char *reason) +{ + if (!tsc_unstable) { + tsc_unstable = 1; + printk("Marking TSC unstable due to %s\n", reason); + /* Change only the rating, when not registered */ + if (clocksource_tsc.mult) + clocksource_change_rating(&clocksource_tsc, 0); + else + clocksource_tsc.rating = 0; + } +} + +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mark_tsc_unstable); + +static int __init dmi_mark_tsc_unstable(const struct dmi_system_id *d) +{ + printk(KERN_NOTICE "%s detected: marking TSC unstable.\n", + d->ident); + tsc_unstable = 1; + return 0; +} + +/* List of systems that have known TSC problems */ +static struct dmi_system_id __initdata bad_tsc_dmi_table[] = { + { + .callback = dmi_mark_tsc_unstable, + .ident = "IBM Thinkpad 380XD", + .matches = { + DMI_MATCH(DMI_BOARD_VENDOR, "IBM"), + DMI_MATCH(DMI_BOARD_NAME, "2635FA0"), + }, + }, + {} +}; + +/* + * Geode_LX - the OLPC CPU has a possibly a very reliable TSC + */ +#ifdef CONFIG_MGEODE_LX +/* RTSC counts during suspend */ +#define RTSC_SUSP 0x100 + +static void __init check_geode_tsc_reliable(void) +{ + unsigned long res_low, res_high; + + rdmsr_safe(MSR_GEODE_BUSCONT_CONF0, &res_low, &res_high); + if (res_low & RTSC_SUSP) + clocksource_tsc.flags &= ~CLOCK_SOURCE_MUST_VERIFY; +} +#else +static inline void check_geode_tsc_reliable(void) { } +#endif + +/* + * Make an educated guess if the TSC is trustworthy and synchronized + * over all CPUs. + */ +__cpuinit int unsynchronized_tsc(void) +{ + if (!cpu_has_tsc || tsc_unstable) + return 1; + +#ifdef CONFIG_SMP + if (apic_is_clustered_box()) + return 1; +#endif + + if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_CONSTANT_TSC)) + return 0; + /* + * Intel systems are normally all synchronized. + * Exceptions must mark TSC as unstable: + */ + if (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor != X86_VENDOR_INTEL) { + /* assume multi socket systems are not synchronized: */ + if (num_possible_cpus() > 1) + tsc_unstable = 1; + } + + return tsc_unstable; +} + +static void __init init_tsc_clocksource(void) +{ + clocksource_tsc.mult = clocksource_khz2mult(tsc_khz, + clocksource_tsc.shift); + /* lower the rating if we already know its unstable: */ + if (check_tsc_unstable()) { + clocksource_tsc.rating = 0; + clocksource_tsc.flags &= ~CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS; + } + clocksource_register(&clocksource_tsc); +} + +void __init tsc_init(void) +{ + u64 lpj; + int cpu; + + if (!cpu_has_tsc) + return; + + tsc_khz = calibrate_tsc(); + cpu_khz = tsc_khz; + + if (!tsc_khz) { + mark_tsc_unstable("could not calculate TSC khz"); + return; + } + +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + if (cpu_has(&boot_cpu_data, X86_FEATURE_CONSTANT_TSC) && + (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD)) + cpu_khz = calibrate_cpu(); +#endif + + lpj = ((u64)tsc_khz * 1000); + do_div(lpj, HZ); + lpj_fine = lpj; + + printk("Detected %lu.%03lu MHz processor.\n", + (unsigned long)cpu_khz / 1000, + (unsigned long)cpu_khz % 1000); + + /* + * Secondary CPUs do not run through tsc_init(), so set up + * all the scale factors for all CPUs, assuming the same + * speed as the bootup CPU. (cpufreq notifiers will fix this + * up if their speed diverges) + */ + for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) + set_cyc2ns_scale(cpu_khz, cpu); + + if (tsc_disabled > 0) + return; + + /* now allow native_sched_clock() to use rdtsc */ + tsc_disabled = 0; + + use_tsc_delay(); + /* Check and install the TSC clocksource */ + dmi_check_system(bad_tsc_dmi_table); + + if (unsynchronized_tsc()) + mark_tsc_unstable("TSCs unsynchronized"); + + check_geode_tsc_reliable(); + init_tsc_clocksource(); +} + |