| Age | Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Files | Lines |
|---|
|
cancel_dirty_page() had some issues and b9ea25152e56 ("page_writeback:
clean up mess around cancel_dirty_page()") replaced it with
account_page_cleaned() which makes the caller responsible for clearing
the dirty bit; unfortunately, the planned changes for cgroup writeback
support requires synchronization between dirty bit manipulation and
stat updates. While we can open-code such synchronization in each
account_page_cleaned() callsite, that's gonna be unnecessarily awkward
and verbose.
This patch revives cancel_dirty_page() but in a more restricted form.
All it does is TestClearPageDirty() followed by account_page_cleaned()
invocation if the page was dirty. This helper covers all
account_page_cleaned() usages except for __delete_from_page_cache()
which is a special case anyway and left alone. As this leaves no
module user for account_page_cleaned(), EXPORT_SYMBOL() is dropped
from it.
This patch just revives cancel_dirty_page() as a trivial wrapper to
replace equivalent usages and doesn't introduce any functional
changes.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
|
|
|
|
In order to support constant callers of agent_send_response we add const
specifiers to the its pointer arguments.
Adjust the call tree accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Hal Rosenstock <hal@mellanox.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com>
Signed-off-by: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
|
|
The process_mad device function declares some parameters as "in". Make those
parameters const and adjust the call tree under process_mad in the various
drivers accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Hal Rosenstock <hal@mellanox.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com>
Signed-off-by: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
|
|
The ib_device passed to the new RDMA helpers is constant. Declare the
ib_device as const in the following functions.
rdma_protocol_ib
rdma_protocol_roce
rdma_protocol_iwarp
rdma_ib_or_roce
rdma_cap_ib_mad
rdma_cap_ib_smi
rdma_cap_ib_cm
rdma_cap_iw_cm
rdma_cap_ib_sa
rdma_cap_ib_mcast
rdma_cap_af_ib
rdma_cap_eth_ah
Signed-off-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Hal Rosenstock <hal@mellanox.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgunthorpe@obsidianresearch.com>
Signed-off-by: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
|
|
rdma-cma/iw_cm: Export tos field to iwarp providers
Signed-off-by: Steve Wise <swise@opengridcomputing.com>
Signed-off-by: Tatyana Nikolova <Tatyana.E.Nikolova@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
|
|
Some clockevent drivers, once migrated to use per-state callbacks,
need to check the state of the clockevent device in their callbacks or
interrupt handler.
Add accessor functions clockevent_state_*() to get this information.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: linaro-kernel@lists.linaro.org
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/04a717d490335c688dd7af899fbcede97e1bb8ee.1432192527.git.viresh.kumar@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
|
|
Even if the pointers are really only accessible to root and used
pretty much only by wpa_supplicant, this is still not great; even
for debugging it'd be easier to have something that's easier to
read and guaranteed to never get reused.
With the recent change to make mac80211 create an ack_skb for the
mgmt-tx path this becomes possible, only the client probe method
needs to also allocate an ack_skb, and we can store the cookie in
that skb.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
With most of the clock code under clock driver already, the low-level
register access code, and the init code for the same, is no longer
needed outside the clock driver. Thus, these can be moved under clock
driver also.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
We should avoid exporting data from drivers, instead use an API for
registering the clock low level operations.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
Several exported TI clock driver features are no longer needed outside
the clock driver itself, thus move all of these to the driver private
header file. Also, update some of the driver files to actually include
this header.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
With legacy clock support gone, this is no longer needed under platform,
so move it under the clock driver itself. Make some exports be driver
internal definitions at the same time.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
With the legacy clock data gone, this is no longer needed under platform,
so move it under the clock driver itself. Remove unnecessary declarations
from the TI clock header also.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
With the legacy clock data gone, this is no longer needed under platform,
so move it under the clock driver itself. Remove the exported clock driver
APIs as well, as these are not needed outside clock driver anymore.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
With the legacy clock support gone, this is no longer needed under
platform code-base. Thus, move this under the TI clock driver, and
remove the exported API from the public header.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
With the legacy support gone, OMAP2+ default gate clock can be moved
under clock driver. Create a new file for the purpose, and clean-up
the header exports a bit as some clock APIs are no longer needed
outside clock driver itself.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
clkdm_control is used to determine, whether clocks should trigger a
clockdomain transition when they are enabled/disabled. Keep this
functionality intact, but replace this with a clk_features flag
which can be initialized during boot if needed.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
With the legacy clock support gone, OMAP3 generic DPLL code can now be
moved over to the clock driver also. A few un-unused clkoutx2 functions
are also removed at the same time.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
Clock driver requires access to some CM API functions once the code
is being moved under the clock driver from the platform directory.
Gate type clock requires access to cm_wait_module_ready and
cm_split_idlest_reg functions, which are both used for waiting until
the module being clocked has been successfully activated. These CM
APIs are now exported through the ti_clk_ll_ops struct.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
Clock driver requires access to certain clockdomain handling ops once
the code is being moved over under clock driver. Example of this is
clk_enable / clk_disable under omap3 DPLL code. The required clkdm
APIs are now exported through the ti_clk_ll_ops struct.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
This is no longer used outside clock driver, so move it under the driver
and remove the export for it from the global header file.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
This is no longer needed in platform directory, as the legacy clock data
is gone, so move it under TI clock driver. Some static functions are
renamed also.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
With the legacy clock support gone, the OMAP interface clock implementation
can be moved under the clock driver. Some temporary header file tweaks are
also needed to make this change work properly.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
With the legacy clock support gone, the OMAP4 specific DPLL implementations
can be moved under the clock driver. Change some of the function prototypes
to be static at the same time, and remove some exports from the global TI
clock driver header.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
With the legacy clock data now gone, we can start moving OMAP clock
type implementations under clock driver. Start this with moving the
generic OMAP DPLL clock type under TI clock driver.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
As most of the clock driver support code is going to be moved under
drivers/clk/ti, an API for setting / getting the SoC specific clock
features is needed. This patch provides this API and changes the
existing code to use it.
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <t-kristo@ti.com>
|
|
For drivers supporting TSO or similar features, but that still have
PN assignment in software, there's a need to have some memory to
store the current PN value. As mac80211 already stores this and it's
somewhat complicated to add a per-driver area to the key struct (due
to the dynamic sizing thereof) it makes sense to just move the TX PN
to the keyconf, i.e. the public part of the key struct.
As TKIP is more complicated and we won't able to offload it in this
way right now (fast-xmit is skipped for TKIP unless the HW does it
all, and our hardware needs MMIC calculation in software) I've not
moved that for now - it's possible but requires exposing a lot of
the internal TKIP state.
As an bonus side effect, we can remove a lot of code by assuming the
keyseq struct has a certain layout - with BUILD_BUG_ON to verify it.
This might also improve performance, since now TX and RX no longer
share a cacheline.
Reviewed-by: Emmanuel Grumbach <emmanuel.grumbach@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
|
|
The ARM Dual-Timer SP804 module is peripheral found not only on ARM32
platforms but also on ARM64 platforms.
This patch moves the driver out of arch/arm to driver/clocksource
so that it can be used on ARM64 platforms also.
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
|
|
Fixes for 4.2. Nothing too serious (given that it's still pre merge
window). With that it's off for 2 weeks of vacation for me and taking care
of 4.2 fixes for Jani.
* tag 'drm-intel-next-fixes-2015-05-29' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm-intel:
drm/i915: limit PPGTT size to 2GB in 32-bit platforms
drm/i915: Another fbdev hack to avoid PSR on fbcon.
drm/i915: Return the frontbuffer flip to enable intel_crtc_enable_planes.
drm/i915: disable IPS while getting the sink CRCs
drm/i915: Disable 12bpc hdmi for now
drm/i915: Adjust sideband locking a bit for CHV/VLV
drm/i915: s/dpio_lock/sb_lock/
drm/i915: Kill intel_flush_primary_plane()
drm/i915: Throw out WIP CHV power well definitions
drm/i915: Use the default 600ns LDO programming sequence delay
drm/i915: Remove unnecessary null check in execlists_context_unqueue
drm/i915: Use spinlocks for checking when to waitboost
drm/i915: Fix the confusing comment about the ioctl limits
Revert "drm/i915: Force clean compilation with -Werror"
|
|
Pull EFI changes from Matt Fleming:
- Use idiomatic negative error values in efivar_create_sysfs_entry()
instead of returning '1' to indicate error. (Dan Carpenter)
- Implement new support to expose the EFI System Resource Tables in sysfs,
which provides information for performing firmware updates. (Peter Jones)
- Documentation cleanup in the EFI handover protocol section which
falsely claimed that 'cmdline_size' needed to be filled out by the
boot loader. (Alex Smith)
- Align the order of SMBIOS tables in /sys/firmware/efi/systab to match
the way that we do things for ACPI and add documentation to
Documentation/ABI. (Jean Delvare)
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
|
|
Pull RCU changes from Paul E. McKenney:
- Initialization/Kconfig updates: hide most Kconfig options from unsuspecting users.
There's now a single high level configuration option:
*
* RCU Subsystem
*
Make expert-level adjustments to RCU configuration (RCU_EXPERT) [N/y/?] (NEW)
Which if answered in the negative, leaves us with a single interactive
configuration option:
Offload RCU callback processing from boot-selected CPUs (RCU_NOCB_CPU) [N/y/?] (NEW)
All the rest of the RCU options are configured automatically.
- Remove all uses of RCU-protected array indexes: replace the
rcu_[access|dereference]_index_check() APIs with READ_ONCE() and rcu_lockdep_assert().
- RCU CPU-hotplug cleanups.
- Updates to Tiny RCU: a race fix and further code shrinkage.
- RCU torture-testing updates: fixes, speedups, cleanups and
documentation updates.
- Miscellaneous fixes.
- Documentation updates.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
|
|
Conflicts:
arch/sparc/include/asm/topology_64.h
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
|
|
Conflicts:
drivers/net/phy/amd-xgbe-phy.c
drivers/net/wireless/iwlwifi/Kconfig
include/net/mac80211.h
iwlwifi/Kconfig and mac80211.h were both trivial overlapping
changes.
The drivers/net/phy/amd-xgbe-phy.c file got removed in 'net-next' and
the bug fix that happened on the 'net' side is already integrated
into the rest of the amd-xgbe driver.
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Pull networking fixes from David Miller:
1) Various VTI tunnel (mark handling, PMTU) bug fixes from Alexander
Duyck and Steffen Klassert.
2) Revert ethtool PHY query change, it wasn't correct. The PHY address
selected by the driver running the PHY to MAC connection decides
what PHY address GET ethtool operations return information from.
3) Fix handling of sequence number bits for encryption IV generation in
ESP driver, from Herbert Xu.
4) UDP can return -EAGAIN when we hit a bad checksum on receive, even
when there are other packets in the receive queue which is wrong.
Just respect the error returned from the generic socket recv
datagram helper. From Eric Dumazet.
5) Fix BNA driver firmware loading on big-endian systems, from Ivan
Vecera.
6) Fix regression in that we were inheriting the congestion control of
the listening socket for new connections, the intended behavior
always was to use the default in this case. From Neal Cardwell.
7) Fix NULL deref in brcmfmac driver, from Arend van Spriel.
8) OTP parsing fix in iwlwifi from Liad Kaufman.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (26 commits)
vti6: Add pmtu handling to vti6_xmit.
Revert "net: core: 'ethtool' issue with querying phy settings"
bnx2x: Move statistics implementation into semaphores
xen: netback: read hotplug script once at start of day.
xen: netback: fix printf format string warning
Revert "netfilter: ensure number of counters is >0 in do_replace()"
net: dsa: Properly propagate errors from dsa_switch_setup_one
tcp: fix child sockets to use system default congestion control if not set
udp: fix behavior of wrong checksums
sfc: free multiple Rx buffers when required
bna: fix soft lock-up during firmware initialization failure
bna: remove unreasonable iocpf timer start
bna: fix firmware loading on big-endian machines
bridge: fix br_multicast_query_expired() bug
via-rhine: Resigning as maintainer
brcmfmac: avoid null pointer access when brcmf_msgbuf_get_pktid() fails
mac80211: Fix mac80211.h docbook comments
iwlwifi: nvm: fix otp parsing in 8000 hw family
iwlwifi: pcie: fix tracking of cmd_in_flight
ip_vti/ip6_vti: Preserve skb->mark after rcv_cb call
...
|
|
Felipe writes:
usb: patches for v4.2 merge window
- dwc2 adds hibernation support
- preparation for sunxi glue to musb driver
- new ULPI bus
- new ULPI PHY driver for TUSB1210
- musb patches to support multiple DMA engines on same binary
- support for R-Car E2 on renesas_usbhs
Signed-off-by: Felipe Balbi <balbi@ti.com>
|
|
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Currently packets with non-hardware-accelerated vlan cannot be handled
by GRO. This causes low performance for 802.1ad and stacked vlan, as their
vlan tags are currently not stripped by hardware.
This patch adds GRO support for non-hardware-accelerated vlan and
improves receive performance of them.
Test Environment:
vlan device (.1Q) on vlan device (.1ad) on ixgbe (82599)
Result:
- Before
$ netperf -t TCP_STREAM -H 192.168.20.2 -l 60
Recv Send Send
Socket Socket Message Elapsed
Size Size Size Time Throughput
bytes bytes bytes secs. 10^6bits/sec
87380 16384 16384 60.00 5233.17
Rx side CPU usage:
%usr %sys %irq %soft %idle
0.27 58.03 0.00 41.70 0.00
- After
$ netperf -t TCP_STREAM -H 192.168.20.2 -l 60
Recv Send Send
Socket Socket Message Elapsed
Size Size Size Time Throughput
bytes bytes bytes secs. 10^6bits/sec
87380 16384 16384 60.00 7586.85
Rx side CPU usage:
%usr %sys %irq %soft %idle
0.50 25.83 0.00 59.53 14.14
[ Register VLAN offloads with priority 10 -DaveM ]
Signed-off-by: Toshiaki Makita <makita.toshiaki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
If new optional attribute OVS_USERSPACE_ATTR_ACTIONS is added to an
OVS_ACTION_ATTR_USERSPACE action, then include the datapath actions
in the upcall.
This Directly associates the sampled packet with the path it takes
through the virtual switch. Path information currently includes mangling,
encapsulation and decapsulation actions for tunneling protocols GRE,
VXLAN, Geneve, MPLS and QinQ, but this extension requires no further
changes to accommodate datapath actions that may be added in the
future.
Adding path information enhances visibility into complex virtual
networks.
Signed-off-by: Neil McKee <neil.mckee@inmon.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
When we scan a packet for GRO processing, we want to see the most
common packet types in the front of the offload_base list.
So add a priority field so we can handle this properly.
IPv4/IPv6 get the highest priority with the implicit zero priority
field.
Next comes ethernet with a priority of 10, and then we have the MPLS
types with a priority of 15.
Suggested-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Toshiaki Makita <makita.toshiaki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
|
|
Storage controllers may expose multiple block devices that share hardware
resources managed by blk-mq. This patch enhances the shared tags so a
low-level driver can access the shared resources not tied to the unshared
h/w contexts. This way the LLD can dynamically add and delete disks and
request queues without having to track all the request_queue hctx's to
iterate outstanding tags.
Signed-off-by: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
|
|
The Allwinner SoCs have a handful of SRAM that can be either mapped to be
accessible by devices or the CPU.
That mapping is controlled by an SRAM controller, and that mapping might
not be set by the bootloader, for example if the device wasn't used at all,
or if we're using solutions like the U-Boot's Falcon Boot.
We could also imagine changing this at runtime for example to change the
mapping of these SRAMs to use them for suspend/resume or runtime memory
rate change, if that ever happens.
These use cases require some API in the kernel to control that mapping,
exported through a drivers/soc driver.
This driver also implement a debugfs file that shows the SRAM found in the
system, the current mapping and the SRAM that have been claimed by some
drivers in the kernel.
Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <maxime.ripard@free-electrons.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
|
|
Merge "mvebu drivers change for 4.2" from Gregory CLEMENT:
mvebu-mbus: add mv_mbus_dram_info_nooverlap() needed for the new
Marvell crypto driver
* tag 'mvebu-drivers-4.2' of git://git.infradead.org/linux-mvebu:
bus: mvebu-mbus: add mv_mbus_dram_info_nooverlap()
Based on the earlier bug fixes branch, which contains six other
patches already merged into 4.1.
|
|
Move the functions that are used by both the initiator and target
subsystems into scsi_common.c/.h. This change will allow to remove
the initiator SCSI header include directives from most SCSI target
source files in a later patch.
Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Odin.com>
|
|
Move the constants that are used by both initiator and target
drivers into the new header file <scsi/scsi_proto.h>. This change
will allow to remove the initiator SCSI header include directives
from most SCSI target source files in a later patch.
Signed-off-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <JBottomley@Odin.com>
|
|
Add the ACL related protocol definitions which were added in the NFSv4.1
specification.
(But we're not using them yet.)
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
|
|
The VNET_LE flag was introduced to fix accesses to virtio 1.0 headers
that are always little-endian. It can also be used to handle the special
case of a legacy little-endian device implemented by a big-endian host.
Let's add a flag and ioctls for big-endian devices as well. If both flags
are set, little-endian wins.
Since this is isn't a common usecase, the feature is controlled by a kernel
config option (not set by default).
Both macvtap and tun are covered by this patch since they share the same
API with userland.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kurz <gkurz@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
|
|
This patch brings cross-endian support to vhost when used to implement
legacy virtio devices. Since it is a relatively rare situation, the
feature availability is controlled by a kernel config option (not set
by default).
The vq->is_le boolean field is added to cache the endianness to be
used for ring accesses. It defaults to native endian, as expected
by legacy virtio devices. When the ring gets active, we force little
endian if the device is modern. When the ring is deactivated, we
revert to the native endian default.
If cross-endian was compiled in, a vq->user_be boolean field is added
so that userspace may request a specific endianness. This field is
used to override the default when activating the ring of a legacy
device. It has no effect on modern devices.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kurz <gkurz@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
|
|
The current memory accessors logic is:
- little endian if little_endian
- native endian (i.e. no byteswap) if !little_endian
If we want to fully support cross-endian vhost, we also need to be
able to convert to big endian.
Instead of changing the little_endian argument to some 3-value enum, this
patch changes the logic to:
- little endian if little_endian
- big endian if !little_endian
The native endian case is handled by all users with a trivial helper. This
patch doesn't change any functionality, nor it does add overhead.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kurz <gkurz@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
|
Tejun Heo
Doug Ledford
Ira Weiny
Steve Wise
Viresh Kumar
Johannes Berg
Tero Kristo
Sudeep Holla
Dave Airlie
Ingo Molnar
David S. Miller
Linus Torvalds
Greg Kroah-Hartman
John W. Linville
Toshiaki Makita
Neil McKee
Jens Axboe
Keith Busch
Maxime Ripard
Arnd Bergmann
Bart Van Assche
Andreas Gruenbacher
Greg Kurz