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2013-10-09net: fix build errors if ipv6 is disabledEric Dumazet1-3/+5
CONFIG_IPV6=n is still a valid choice ;) It appears we can remove dead code. Reported-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-10-09ipv6: make lookups simpler and fasterEric Dumazet1-8/+7
TCP listener refactoring, part 4 : To speed up inet lookups, we moved IPv4 addresses from inet to struct sock_common Now is time to do the same for IPv6, because it permits us to have fast lookups for all kind of sockets, including upcoming SYN_RECV. Getting IPv6 addresses in TCP lookups currently requires two extra cache lines, plus a dereference (and memory stall). inet6_sk(sk) does the dereference of inet_sk(__sk)->pinet6 This patch is way bigger than its IPv4 counter part, because for IPv4, we could add aliases (inet_daddr, inet_rcv_saddr), while on IPv6, it's not doable easily. inet6_sk(sk)->daddr becomes sk->sk_v6_daddr inet6_sk(sk)->rcv_saddr becomes sk->sk_v6_rcv_saddr And timewait socket also have tw->tw_v6_daddr & tw->tw_v6_rcv_saddr at the same offset. We get rid of INET6_TW_MATCH() as INET6_MATCH() is now the generic macro. Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-09-30net ipv4: Convert ipv4.ip_local_port_range to be per netns v3Eric W. Biederman1-2/+2
- Move sysctl_local_ports from a global variable into struct netns_ipv4. - Modify inet_get_local_port_range to take a struct net, and update all of the callers. - Move the initialization of sysctl_local_ports into sysctl_net_ipv4.c:ipv4_sysctl_init_net from inet_connection_sock.c v2: - Ensure indentation used tabs - Fixed ip.h so it applies cleanly to todays net-next v3: - Compile fixes of strange callers of inet_get_local_port_range. This patch now successfully passes an allmodconfig build. Removed manual inlining of inet_get_local_port_range in ipv4_local_port_range Originally-by: Samya <samya@twitter.com> Acked-by: Nicolas Dichtel <nicolas.dichtel@6wind.com> Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-09-28ipv4: processing ancillary IP_TOS or IP_TTLFrancesco Fusco1-1/+3
If IP_TOS or IP_TTL are specified as ancillary data, then sendmsg() sends out packets with the specified TTL or TOS overriding the socket values specified with the traditional setsockopt(). The struct inet_cork stores the values of TOS, TTL and priority that are passed through the struct ipcm_cookie. If there are user-specified TOS (tos != -1) or TTL (ttl != 0) in the struct ipcm_cookie, these values are used to override the per-socket values. In case of TOS also the priority is changed accordingly. Two helper functions get_rttos and get_rtconn_flags are defined to take into account the presence of a user specified TOS value when computing RT_TOS and RT_CONN_FLAGS. Signed-off-by: Francesco Fusco <ffusco@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-08-15net: proc_fs: trivial: print UIDs as unsigned intFrancesco Fusco1-1/+1
UIDs are printed in the proc_fs as signed int, whereas they are unsigned int. Signed-off-by: Francesco Fusco <ffusco@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-06-13net: ping_check_bind_addr() etc. can be staticWu Fengguang1-4/+4
net/ipv4/ping.c:286:5: sparse: symbol 'ping_check_bind_addr' was not declared. Should it be static? net/ipv4/ping.c:355:6: sparse: symbol 'ping_set_saddr' was not declared. Should it be static? net/ipv4/ping.c:370:6: sparse: symbol 'ping_clear_saddr' was not declared. Should it be static? net/ipv6/ping.c:60:5: sparse: symbol 'dummy_ipv6_recv_error' was not declared. Should it be static? net/ipv6/ping.c:64:5: sparse: symbol 'dummy_ip6_datagram_recv_ctl' was not declared. Should it be static? net/ipv6/ping.c:69:5: sparse: symbol 'dummy_icmpv6_err_convert' was not declared. Should it be static? net/ipv6/ping.c:73:6: sparse: symbol 'dummy_ipv6_icmp_error' was not declared. Should it be static? net/ipv6/ping.c:75:5: sparse: symbol 'dummy_ipv6_chk_addr' was not declared. Should it be static? net/ipv6/ping.c:201:5: sparse: symbol 'ping_v6_seq_show' was not declared. Should it be static? Signed-off-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-06-04ping: always initialize ->sin6_scope_id and ->sin6_flowinfoCong Wang1-3/+3
If we don't need scope id, we should initialize it to zero. Same for ->sin6_flowinfo. Cc: Lorenzo Colitti <lorenzo@google.com> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com> Acked-by: Lorenzo Colitti <lorenzo@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-06-04net: ipv6: Implement /proc/net/icmp6.Lorenzo Colitti1-9/+12
The format is based on /proc/net/icmp and /proc/net/{udp,raw}6. Compiles and displays reasonable results with CONFIG_IPV6={n,m,y} Couldn't figure out how to test without CONFIG_PROC_FS enabled. Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Colitti <lorenzo@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-06-04net: ipv4: make the ping /proc code AF-independentLorenzo Colitti1-26/+47
Introduce a ping_seq_afinfo structure (similar to its UDP equivalent) and use it to make some of the ping /proc functions address-family independent. Rename the remaining ping /proc functions from ping_* to ping_v4_*. Compiles and displays reasonable results with CONFIG_IPV6={n,m,y} Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Colitti <lorenzo@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-05-25net: ipv6: Add IPv6 support to the ping socket.Lorenzo Colitti1-160/+397
This adds the ability to send ICMPv6 echo requests without a raw socket. The equivalent ability for ICMPv4 was added in 2011. Instead of having separate code paths for IPv4 and IPv6, make most of the code in net/ipv4/ping.c dual-stack and only add a few IPv6-specific bits (like the protocol definition) to a new net/ipv6/ping.c. Hopefully this will reduce divergence and/or duplication of bugs in the future. Caveats: - Setting options via ancillary data (e.g., using IPV6_PKTINFO to specify the outgoing interface) is not yet supported. - There are no separate security settings for IPv4 and IPv6; everything is controlled by /proc/net/ipv4/ping_group_range. - The proc interface does not yet display IPv6 ping sockets properly. Tested with a patched copy of ping6 and using raw socket calls. Compiles and works with all of CONFIG_IPV6={n,m,y}. Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Colitti <lorenzo@google.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-04-14net: sock: make sock_tx_timestamp voidDaniel Borkmann1-3/+2
Currently, sock_tx_timestamp() always returns 0. The comment that describes the sock_tx_timestamp() function wrongly says that it returns an error when an invalid argument is passed (from commit 20d4947353be, ``net: socket infrastructure for SO_TIMESTAMPING''). Make the function void, so that we can also remove all the unneeded if conditions that check for such a _non-existant_ error case in the output path. Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-02-21ipv4: fix a bug in ping_err().Li Wei1-2/+2
We should get 'type' and 'code' from the outer ICMP header. Signed-off-by: Li Wei <lw@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-02-18net: proc: change proc_net_remove to remove_proc_entryGao feng1-1/+1
proc_net_remove is only used to remove proc entries that under /proc/net,it's not a general function for removing proc entries of netns. if we want to remove some proc entries which under /proc/net/stat/, we still need to call remove_proc_entry. this patch use remove_proc_entry to replace proc_net_remove. we can remove proc_net_remove after this patch. Signed-off-by: Gao feng <gaofeng@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-02-18net: proc: change proc_net_fops_create to proc_createGao feng1-1/+1
Right now, some modules such as bonding use proc_create to create proc entries under /proc/net/, and other modules such as ipv4 use proc_net_fops_create. It looks a little chaos.this patch changes all of proc_net_fops_create to proc_create. we can remove proc_net_fops_create after this patch. Signed-off-by: Gao feng <gaofeng@cn.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-01-21ipv4: Add a socket release callback for datagram socketsSteffen Klassert1-0/+1
This implements a socket release callback function to check if the socket cached route got invalid during the time we owned the socket. The function is used from udp, raw and ping sockets. Signed-off-by: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-08-14userns: Use kgids for sysctl_ping_group_rangeEric W. Biederman1-12/+6
- Store sysctl_ping_group_range as a paire of kgid_t values instead of a pair of gid_t values. - Move the kgid conversion work from ping_init_sock into ipv4_ping_group_range - For invalid cases reset to the default disabled state. With the kgid_t conversion made part of the original value sanitation from userspace understand how the code will react becomes clearer and it becomes possible to set the sysctl ping group range from something other than the initial user namespace. Cc: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2012-08-14userns: Print out socket uids in a user namespace aware fashion.Eric W. Biederman1-1/+3
Cc: Alexey Kuznetsov <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Hideaki YOSHIFUJI <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org> Cc: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@ghostprotocols.net> Cc: Sridhar Samudrala <sri@us.ibm.com> Acked-by: Vlad Yasevich <vyasevich@gmail.com> Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2012-07-11ipv4: Add redirect support to all protocol icmp error handlers.David S. Miller1-0/+1
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-06-14ipv4: Handle PMTU in all ICMP error handlers.David S. Miller1-0/+1
With ip_rt_frag_needed() removed, we have to explicitly update PMTU information in every ICMP error handler. Create two helper functions to facilitate this. 1) ipv4_sk_update_pmtu() This updates the PMTU when we have a socket context to work with. 2) ipv4_update_pmtu() Raw version, used when no socket context is available. For this interface, we essentially just pass in explicit arguments for the flow identity information we would have extracted from the socket. And you'll notice that ipv4_sk_update_pmtu() is simply implemented in terms of ipv4_update_pmtu() Note that __ip_route_output_key() is used, rather than something like ip_route_output_flow() or ip_route_output_key(). This is because we absolutely do not want to end up with a route that does IPSEC encapsulation and the like. Instead, we only want the route that would get us to the node described by the outermost IP header. Reported-by: Steffen Klassert <steffen.klassert@secunet.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-05-23Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespaceLinus Torvalds1-3/+8
Pull user namespace enhancements from Eric Biederman: "This is a course correction for the user namespace, so that we can reach an inexpensive, maintainable, and reasonably complete implementation. Highlights: - Config guards make it impossible to enable the user namespace and code that has not been converted to be user namespace safe. - Use of the new kuid_t type ensures the if you somehow get past the config guards the kernel will encounter type errors if you enable user namespaces and attempt to compile in code whose permission checks have not been updated to be user namespace safe. - All uids from child user namespaces are mapped into the initial user namespace before they are processed. Removing the need to add an additional check to see if the user namespace of the compared uids remains the same. - With the user namespaces compiled out the performance is as good or better than it is today. - For most operations absolutely nothing changes performance or operationally with the user namespace enabled. - The worst case performance I could come up with was timing 1 billion cache cold stat operations with the user namespace code enabled. This went from 156s to 164s on my laptop (or 156ns to 164ns per stat operation). - (uid_t)-1 and (gid_t)-1 are reserved as an internal error value. Most uid/gid setting system calls treat these value specially anyway so attempting to use -1 as a uid would likely cause entertaining failures in userspace. - If setuid is called with a uid that can not be mapped setuid fails. I have looked at sendmail, login, ssh and every other program I could think of that would call setuid and they all check for and handle the case where setuid fails. - If stat or a similar system call is called from a context in which we can not map a uid we lie and return overflowuid. The LFS experience suggests not lying and returning an error code might be better, but the historical precedent with uids is different and I can not think of anything that would break by lying about a uid we can't map. - Capabilities are localized to the current user namespace making it safe to give the initial user in a user namespace all capabilities. My git tree covers all of the modifications needed to convert the core kernel and enough changes to make a system bootable to runlevel 1." Fix up trivial conflicts due to nearby independent changes in fs/stat.c * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace: (46 commits) userns: Silence silly gcc warning. cred: use correct cred accessor with regards to rcu read lock userns: Convert the move_pages, and migrate_pages permission checks to use uid_eq userns: Convert cgroup permission checks to use uid_eq userns: Convert tmpfs to use kuid and kgid where appropriate userns: Convert sysfs to use kgid/kuid where appropriate userns: Convert sysctl permission checks to use kuid and kgids. userns: Convert proc to use kuid/kgid where appropriate userns: Convert ext4 to user kuid/kgid where appropriate userns: Convert ext3 to use kuid/kgid where appropriate userns: Convert ext2 to use kuid/kgid where appropriate. userns: Convert devpts to use kuid/kgid where appropriate userns: Convert binary formats to use kuid/kgid where appropriate userns: Add negative depends on entries to avoid building code that is userns unsafe userns: signal remove unnecessary map_cred_ns userns: Teach inode_capable to understand inodes whose uids map to other namespaces. userns: Fail exec for suid and sgid binaries with ids outside our user namespace. userns: Convert stat to return values mapped from kuids and kgids userns: Convert user specfied uids and gids in chown into kuids and kgid userns: Use uid_eq gid_eq helpers when comparing kuids and kgids in the vfs ...
2012-05-03userns: Convert group_info values from gid_t to kgid_t.Eric W. Biederman1-3/+8
As a first step to converting struct cred to be all kuid_t and kgid_t values convert the group values stored in group_info to always be kgid_t values. Unless user namespaces are used this change should have no effect. Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2012-04-15net: cleanup unsigned to unsigned intEric Dumazet1-3/+5
Use of "unsigned int" is preferred to bare "unsigned" in net tree. Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-04-15ipv4: fix checkpatch errorsDaniel Baluta1-1/+1
Fix checkpatch errors of the following type: * ERROR: "foo * bar" should be "foo *bar" * ERROR: "(foo*)" should be "(foo *)" Signed-off-by: Daniel Baluta <dbaluta@ixiacom.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-03-28Remove all #inclusions of asm/system.hDavid Howells1-1/+0
Remove all #inclusions of asm/system.h preparatory to splitting and killing it. Performed with the following command: perl -p -i -e 's!^#\s*include\s*<asm/system[.]h>.*\n!!' `grep -Irl '^#\s*include\s*<asm/system[.]h>' *` Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2012-03-11net: Convert printks to pr_<level>Joe Perches1-9/+9
Use a more current kernel messaging style. Convert a printk block to print_hex_dump. Coalesce formats, align arguments. Use %s, __func__ instead of embedding function names. Some messages that were prefixed with <foo>_close are now prefixed with <foo>_fini. Some ah4 and esp messages are now not prefixed with "ip ". The intent of this patch is to later add something like #define pr_fmt(fmt) "IPv4: " fmt. to standardize the output messages. Text size is trivially reduced. (x86-32 allyesconfig) $ size net/ipv4/built-in.o* text data bss dec hex filename 887888 31558 249696 1169142 11d6f6 net/ipv4/built-in.o.new 887934 31558 249800 1169292 11d78c net/ipv4/built-in.o.old Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-02-26Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/netDavid S. Miller1-0/+1
Conflicts: drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/rx.c Overlapping changes in drivers/net/ethernet/sfc/rx.c, one to change the rx_buf->is_page boolean into a set of u16 flags, and another to adjust how ->ip_summed is initialized. Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-02-21ipv4: ping: Fix recvmsg MSG_OOB error handling.David S. Miller1-0/+1
Don't return an uninitialized variable as the error, return -EOPNOTSUPP instead. Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-02-08ipv4: Implement IP_UNICAST_IF socket option.Erich E. Hoover1-1/+2
The IP_UNICAST_IF feature is needed by the Wine project. This patch implements the feature by setting the outgoing interface in a similar fashion to that of IP_MULTICAST_IF. A separate option is needed to handle this feature since the existing options do not provide all of the characteristics required by IP_UNICAST_IF, a summary is provided below. SO_BINDTODEVICE: * SO_BINDTODEVICE requires administrative privileges, IP_UNICAST_IF does not. From reading some old mailing list articles my understanding is that SO_BINDTODEVICE requires administrative privileges because it can override the administrator's routing settings. * The SO_BINDTODEVICE option restricts both outbound and inbound traffic, IP_UNICAST_IF only impacts outbound traffic. IP_PKTINFO: * Since IP_PKTINFO and IP_UNICAST_IF are independent options, implementing IP_UNICAST_IF with IP_PKTINFO will likely break some applications. * Implementing IP_UNICAST_IF on top of IP_PKTINFO significantly complicates the Wine codebase and reduces the socket performance (doing this requires a lot of extra communication between the "server" and "user" layers). bind(): * bind() does not work on broadcast packets, IP_UNICAST_IF is specifically intended to work with broadcast packets. * Like SO_BINDTODEVICE, bind() restricts both outbound and inbound traffic. Signed-off-by: Erich E. Hoover <ehoover@mines.edu> Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-01-17net: fix some sparse errorsEric Dumazet1-13/+14
make C=2 CF="-D__CHECK_ENDIAN__" M=net And fix flowi4_init_output() prototype for sport Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-11-18ping: dont increment ICMP_MIB_INERRORSEric Dumazet1-2/+0
ping module incorrectly increments ICMP_MIB_INERRORS if feeded with a frame not belonging to its own sockets. RFC 2011 states that ICMP_MIB_INERRORS should count "the number of ICMP messages which the entiry received but determined as having ICMP-specific errors (bad ICMP checksums, bad length, etc.)." Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> CC: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Acked-by: Flavio Leitner <fbl@redhat.com> Acked-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-10-31net: Add export.h for EXPORT_SYMBOL/THIS_MODULE to non-modulesPaul Gortmaker1-0/+1
These files are non modular, but need to export symbols using the macros now living in export.h -- call out the include so that things won't break when we remove the implicit presence of module.h from everywhere. Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
2011-06-20ipv4, ping: Remove duplicate icmp.h includeJesper Juhl1-1/+0
Remove the duplicate inclusion of net/icmp.h from net/ipv4/ping.c Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-05-23net: ping: cleanups ping_v4_unhash()Eric Dumazet1-3/+0
net/ipv4/ping.c: In function ‘ping_v4_unhash’: net/ipv4/ping.c:140:28: warning: variable ‘hslot’ set but not used Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> CC: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Acked-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-05-19net: ping: fix the coding styleChangli Gao1-3/+7
The characters in a line should be no more than 80. Signed-off-by: Changli Gao <xiaosuo@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-05-19net: ping: make local functions staticChangli Gao1-4/+4
As these functions are only used in this file. Signed-off-by: Changli Gao <xiaosuo@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-05-17net: ping: fix build failureVasiliy Kulikov1-0/+13
If CONFIG_PROC_SYSCTL=n the building process fails: ping.c:(.text+0x52af3): undefined reference to `inet_get_ping_group_range_net' Moved inet_get_ping_group_range_net() to ping.c. Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-05-16net: ping: dont call udp_ioctl()Eric Dumazet1-19/+0
udp_ioctl() really handles UDP and UDPLite protocols. 1) It can increment UDP_MIB_INERRORS in case first_packet_length() finds a frame with bad checksum. 2) It has a dependency on sizeof(struct udphdr), not applicable to ICMP/PING If ping sockets need to handle SIOCINQ/SIOCOUTQ ioctl, this should be done differently. Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> CC: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Acked-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-05-15net: ping: small changesEric Dumazet1-4/+4
ping_table is not __read_mostly, since it contains one rwlock, and is static to ping.c ping_port_rover & ping_v4_lookup are static Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Acked-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-05-13net: ipv4: add IPPROTO_ICMP socket kindVasiliy Kulikov1-0/+937
This patch adds IPPROTO_ICMP socket kind. It makes it possible to send ICMP_ECHO messages and receive the corresponding ICMP_ECHOREPLY messages without any special privileges. In other words, the patch makes it possible to implement setuid-less and CAP_NET_RAW-less /bin/ping. In order not to increase the kernel's attack surface, the new functionality is disabled by default, but is enabled at bootup by supporting Linux distributions, optionally with restriction to a group or a group range (see below). Similar functionality is implemented in Mac OS X: http://www.manpagez.com/man/4/icmp/ A new ping socket is created with socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, PROT_ICMP) Message identifiers (octets 4-5 of ICMP header) are interpreted as local ports. Addresses are stored in struct sockaddr_in. No port numbers are reserved for privileged processes, port 0 is reserved for API ("let the kernel pick a free number"). There is no notion of remote ports, remote port numbers provided by the user (e.g. in connect()) are ignored. Data sent and received include ICMP headers. This is deliberate to: 1) Avoid the need to transport headers values like sequence numbers by other means. 2) Make it easier to port existing programs using raw sockets. ICMP headers given to send() are checked and sanitized. The type must be ICMP_ECHO and the code must be zero (future extensions might relax this, see below). The id is set to the number (local port) of the socket, the checksum is always recomputed. ICMP reply packets received from the network are demultiplexed according to their id's, and are returned by recv() without any modifications. IP header information and ICMP errors of those packets may be obtained via ancillary data (IP_RECVTTL, IP_RETOPTS, and IP_RECVERR). ICMP source quenches and redirects are reported as fake errors via the error queue (IP_RECVERR); the next hop address for redirects is saved to ee_info (in network order). socket(2) is restricted to the group range specified in "/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ping_group_range". It is "1 0" by default, meaning that nobody (not even root) may create ping sockets. Setting it to "100 100" would grant permissions to the single group (to either make /sbin/ping g+s and owned by this group or to grant permissions to the "netadmins" group), "0 4294967295" would enable it for the world, "100 4294967295" would enable it for the users, but not daemons. The existing code might be (in the unlikely case anyone needs it) extended rather easily to handle other similar pairs of ICMP messages (Timestamp/Reply, Information Request/Reply, Address Mask Request/Reply etc.). Userspace ping util & patch for it: http://openwall.info/wiki/people/segoon/ping For Openwall GNU/*/Linux it was the last step on the road to the setuid-less distro. A revision of this patch (for RHEL5/OpenVZ kernels) is in use in Owl-current, such as in the 2011/03/12 LiveCD ISOs: http://mirrors.kernel.org/openwall/Owl/current/iso/ Initially this functionality was written by Pavel Kankovsky for Linux 2.4.32, but unfortunately it was never made public. All ping options (-b, -p, -Q, -R, -s, -t, -T, -M, -I), are tested with the patch. PATCH v3: - switched to flowi4. - minor changes to be consistent with raw sockets code. PATCH v2: - changed ping_debug() to pr_debug(). - removed CONFIG_IP_PING. - removed ping_seq_fops.owner field (unused for procfs). - switched to proc_net_fops_create(). - switched to %pK in seq_printf(). PATCH v1: - fixed checksumming bug. - CAP_NET_RAW may not create icmp sockets anymore. RFC v2: - minor cleanups. - introduced sysctl'able group range to restrict socket(2). Signed-off-by: Vasiliy Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>