| Age | Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Files | Lines |
|---|
|
This merges the USB-audio disconnect fix and resolves the conflicts
so that we can continue working on development of usb-audio stuff.
Conflicts:
sound/usb/card.c
|
|
Some USB-audio devices show weird sysfs warnings at disconnecting the
devices, e.g.
usb 1-3: USB disconnect, device number 3
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 973 at fs/sysfs/group.c:216 device_del+0x39/0x180()
sysfs group ffffffff8183df40 not found for kobject 'midiC1D0'
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff814a3e38>] ? dump_stack+0x49/0x71
[<ffffffff8103cb72>] ? warn_slowpath_common+0x82/0xb0
[<ffffffff8103cc55>] ? warn_slowpath_fmt+0x45/0x50
[<ffffffff813521e9>] ? device_del+0x39/0x180
[<ffffffff81352339>] ? device_unregister+0x9/0x20
[<ffffffff81352384>] ? device_destroy+0x34/0x40
[<ffffffffa00ba29f>] ? snd_unregister_device+0x7f/0xd0 [snd]
[<ffffffffa025124e>] ? snd_rawmidi_dev_disconnect+0xce/0x100 [snd_rawmidi]
[<ffffffffa00c0192>] ? snd_device_disconnect+0x62/0x90 [snd]
[<ffffffffa00c025c>] ? snd_device_disconnect_all+0x3c/0x60 [snd]
[<ffffffffa00bb574>] ? snd_card_disconnect+0x124/0x1a0 [snd]
[<ffffffffa02e54e8>] ? usb_audio_disconnect+0x88/0x1c0 [snd_usb_audio]
[<ffffffffa015260e>] ? usb_unbind_interface+0x5e/0x1b0 [usbcore]
[<ffffffff813553e9>] ? __device_release_driver+0x79/0xf0
[<ffffffff81355485>] ? device_release_driver+0x25/0x40
[<ffffffff81354e11>] ? bus_remove_device+0xf1/0x130
[<ffffffff813522b9>] ? device_del+0x109/0x180
[<ffffffffa01501d5>] ? usb_disable_device+0x95/0x1f0 [usbcore]
[<ffffffffa014634f>] ? usb_disconnect+0x8f/0x190 [usbcore]
[<ffffffffa0149179>] ? hub_thread+0x539/0x13a0 [usbcore]
[<ffffffff810669f5>] ? sched_clock_local+0x15/0x80
[<ffffffff81066c98>] ? sched_clock_cpu+0xb8/0xd0
[<ffffffff81070730>] ? bit_waitqueue+0xb0/0xb0
[<ffffffffa0148c40>] ? usb_port_resume+0x430/0x430 [usbcore]
[<ffffffffa0148c40>] ? usb_port_resume+0x430/0x430 [usbcore]
[<ffffffff8105973e>] ? kthread+0xce/0xf0
[<ffffffff81059670>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x1c0/0x1c0
[<ffffffff814a8b7c>] ? ret_from_fork+0x7c/0xb0
[<ffffffff81059670>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x1c0/0x1c0
---[ end trace 40b1928d1136b91e ]---
This comes from the fact that usb-audio driver may receive the
disconnect callback multiple times, per each usb interface. When a
device has both audio and midi interfaces, it gets called twice, and
currently the driver tries to release resources at the last call.
At this point, the first parent interface has been already deleted,
thus deleting a child of the first parent hits such a warning.
For fixing this problem, we need to call snd_card_disconnect() and
cancel pending operations at the very first disconnect while the
release of the whole objects waits until the last disconnect call.
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=80931
Reported-and-tested-by: Tomas Gayoso <tgayoso@gmail.com>
Reported-and-tested-by: Chris J Arges <chris.j.arges@canonical.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Some functions in mixer.c and endpoint.c receive list_head instead of
the object itself. This is not obvious and rather error-prone. Let's
pass the proper object directly instead.
The functions in midi.c still receive list_head and this can't be
changed since the object definition isn't exposed to the outside of
midi.c, so left as is.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
The usb-audio probe and disconnect functions have been split just for
adapting the (new!) API at 2.5 kernel time. We left them until now,
partly because we wanted to build with the pretty old kernels in the
external alsa-driver tree. But the support of such old kernels has
been longly stopped, so it's good time to clean up this mess.
One good point by this cleanup is that now the probe function returns
a proper error code instead of only -EIO.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
sound/usb/card.c registers USB suspend and resume but did not previously
kill the input URBs. This means that USB MIDI devices left open across
suspend/resume had non-functional input (output still usually worked,
but it looks like that is another issue). Before this change, we would
get ESHUTDOWN for each of the input URBs at suspend time, killing input.
Signed-off-by: Adam Goode <agoode@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
When a USB-audio device is disconnected while PCM is still running, we
still see some race: the disconnect callback calls
snd_usb_endpoint_free() that calls release_urbs() and then kfree()
while a PCM stream would be closed at the same time and calls
stop_endpoints() that leads to wait_clear_urbs(). That is, the EP
object might be deallocated while a PCM stream is syncing with
wait_clear_urbs() with the same EP.
Basically calling multiple wait_clear_urbs() would work fine, also
calling wait_clear_urbs() and release_urbs() would work, too, as
wait_clear_urbs() just reads some fields in ep. The problem is the
succeeding kfree() in snd_pcm_endpoint_free().
This patch moves out the EP deallocation into the later point, the
destructor callback. At this stage, all PCMs must have been already
closed, so it's safe to free the objects.
Reported-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
The recent addition of the USB audio mixer suspend/resume may lead to
deadlocks when the driver tries to call usb_autopm_get_interface()
recursively, since the function tries to sync with the finish of the
other calls. For avoiding it, introduce a flag indicating the resume
operation and avoids the recursive usb_autopm_get_interface() calls
during the resume.
Reported-and-tested-by: Bryan Quigley <gquigs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
The suspend callback of usb-audio driver may be called multiple times
per suspend when multiple USB interfaces are bound to a single sound
card instance. In such a case, it's superfluous to save the mixer
values multiple times. This patch fixes it by checking the counter.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Convert with dev_err() and co from snd_printk(), etc.
As there are too deep indirections (e.g. ep->chip->dev->dev),
a few new local macros, usb_audio_err() & co, are introduced.
Also, the device numbers in some messages are dropped, as they are
shown in the prefix automatically.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Also remove superfluous snd_card_set_dev() calls.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Implement reset_resume callback so that the mixer values are properly
restored. Still no boot quirks are called, so it might not work well
on some devices.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
module_usb_driver makes code simpler by removing the boilerplate.
Signed-off-by: Sachin Kamat <sachin.kamat@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
This patch updates snd_usb_audio_create also support devices whose
speed == USB_SPEED_WIRELESS.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Pugliese <thomas.pugliese@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
This patch changes the way URBs are allocated and their sizes are
determined for PCM playback in the snd-usb-audio driver. Currently
the driver allocates too few URBs for endpoints that don't use
implicit sync, making underruns more likely to occur. This may be a
holdover from before I/O delays could be measured accurately; in any
case, it is no longer necessary.
The patch allocates as many URBs as possible, subject to four
limitations:
The total number of URBs for the endpoint is not allowed to
exceed MAX_URBS (which the patch increases from 8 to 12).
The total number of packets per URB is not allowed to exceed
MAX_PACKS (or MAX_PACKS_HS for high-speed devices), which is
decreased from 20 to 6.
The total duration of queued data is not allowed to exceed
MAX_QUEUE, which is decreased from 24 ms to 18 ms.
The total number of ALSA frames in the output queue is not
allowed to exceed the ALSA buffer size.
The last requirement is the hardest to implement. Currently the
number of URBs needed to fill a buffer cannot be determined in
advance, because a buffer contains a fixed number of frames whereas
the number of frames in an URB varies to match shifts in the device's
clock rate. To solve this problem, the patch changes the logic for
deciding how many packets an URB should contain. Rather than using as
many as possible without exceeding an ALSA period boundary, now the
driver uses only as many packets as needed to transfer a predetermined
number of frames. As a result, unless the device's clock has an
exceedingly variable rate, the number of URBs making up each period
(and hence each buffer) will remain constant.
The overall effect of the patch is that playback works better in
low-latency settings. The user can still specify values for
frames/period and periods/buffer that exceed the capabilities of the
hardware, of course. But for values that are within those
capabilities, the performance will be improved. For example, testing
shows that a high-speed device can handle 32 frames/period and 3
periods/buffer at 48 KHz, whereas the current driver starts to get
glitchy at 64 frames/period and 2 periods/buffer.
A side effect of these changes is that the "nrpacks" module parameter
is no longer used. The patch removes it.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
CC: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Tested-by: Daniel Mack <zonque@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Eldad Zack <eldad@fogrefinery.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
When the Android firmware enables the audio interfaces in accessory
mode, it always declares in the control interface's baInterfaceNr array
that interfaces 0 and 1 belong to the audio function. However, the
accessory interface itself, if also enabled, already is at index 0 and
shifts the actual audio interface numbers to 1 and 2, which prevents the
PCM streaming interface from being seen by the host driver.
To get the PCM interface interface to work, detect when the descriptors
point to the (for this driver useless) accessory interface, and redirect
to the correct one.
Reported-by: Jeremy Rosen <jeremy.rosen@openwide.fr>
Tested-by: Jeremy Rosen <jeremy.rosen@openwide.fr>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
We've got strange errors in get_ctl_value() in mixer.c during
probing, e.g. on Hercules RMX2 DJ Controller:
ALSA mixer.c:352 cannot get ctl value: req = 0x83, wValue = 0x201, wIndex = 0xa00, type = 4
ALSA mixer.c:352 cannot get ctl value: req = 0x83, wValue = 0x200, wIndex = 0xa00, type = 4
....
It turned out that the culprit is autopm: snd_usb_autoresume() returns
-ENODEV when called during card->probing = 1.
Since the call itself during card->probing = 1 is valid, let's fix the
return value of snd_usb_autoresume() as success.
Reported-and-tested-by: Daniel Schürmann <daschuer@mixxx.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Add a module param to disable auto clock selection.
This is provided for users that expect the audio stream to
fail when the clock source is invalid (e.g., the word clock
was unintentionally disconnected).
Signed-off-by: Eldad Zack <eldad@fogrefinery.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Minor style fix, following a general code style in the kernel.
Signed-off-by: Eldad Zack <eldad@fogrefinery.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Change occurances of list_for_each into list_for_each_entry where
applicable.
Signed-off-by: Eldad Zack <eldad@fogrefinery.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
The NuForce UDH-100 numbers its interfaces incorrectly, which makes the
interface associations come out wrong, which results in the driver
erroring out with the message "Audio class v2 interfaces need an
interface association".
Work around this by searching for the interface association descriptor
also in some other place where it might have ended up.
Reported-and-tested-by: Dave Helstroom <helstroom@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Signed-off-by: Antonio Ospite <ao2@amarulasolutions.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
The async unlink behavior has been working over years. The option was
provided only as a workaround for 2.4.x kernel. Let's get rid of it.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
The recent change for USB-audio disconnection race fixes introduced a
mutex deadlock again. There is a circular dependency between
chip->shutdown_rwsem and pcm->open_mutex, depicted like below, when a
device is opened during the disconnection operation:
A. snd_usb_audio_disconnect() ->
card.c::register_mutex ->
chip->shutdown_rwsem (write) ->
snd_card_disconnect() ->
pcm.c::register_mutex ->
pcm->open_mutex
B. snd_pcm_open() ->
pcm->open_mutex ->
snd_usb_pcm_open() ->
chip->shutdown_rwsem (read)
Since the chip->shutdown_rwsem protection in the case A is required
only for turning on the chip->shutdown flag and it doesn't have to be
taken for the whole operation, we can reduce its window in
snd_usb_audio_disconnect().
Reported-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Replace mutex with rwsem for codec->shutdown protection so that
concurrent accesses are allowed.
Also add the protection to snd_usb_autosuspend() and
snd_usb_autoresume(), too.
Reported-by: Matthieu CASTET <matthieu.castet@parrot.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
The recent fix for USB suspend breakage moved the code to set up EP
from hw_params to prepare, but it means also the EP setup might be
called multiple times unnecessarily because the prepare callback can
be called multiple times without starting the stream (e.g. OSS
emulation).
This patch adds a new flag to struct snd_usb_substream indicating
whether the setup of EP is required, and do it only when necessary,
i.e. right after hw_params or suspend.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
snd_usb_endpoint_free() frees the structure that contains its argument.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
With the previous commit that added the new streaming model, all
endpoint and streaming related code is now in endpoint.c, and pcm.c
only acts as a wrapper for handling the packet's payload.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <zonque@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
This is needed for new card-wide list operations.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <zonque@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
module_param(bool) used to counter-intuitively take an int. In
fddd5201 (mid-2009) we allowed bool or int/unsigned int using a messy
trick.
It's time to remove the int/unsigned int option. For this version
it'll simply give a warning, but it'll break next kernel version.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Lots of sound drivers were getting module.h via the implicit presence
of it in <linux/device.h> but we are going to clean that up. So
fix up those users now.
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
|
|
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound: (549 commits)
ALSA: hda - Fix ADC input-amp handling for Cx20549 codec
ALSA: hda - Keep EAPD turned on for old Conexant chips
ALSA: hda/realtek - Fix missing volume controls with ALC260
ASoC: wm8940: Properly set codec->dapm.bias_level
ALSA: hda - Fix pin-config for ASUS W90V
ALSA: hda - Fix surround/CLFE headphone and speaker pins order
ALSA: hda - Fix typo
ALSA: Update the sound git tree URL
ALSA: HDA: Add new revision for ALC662
ASoC: max98095: Convert codec->hw_write to snd_soc_write
ASoC: keep pointer to resource so it can be freed
ASoC: sgtl5000: Fix wrong mask in some snd_soc_update_bits calls
ASoC: wm8996: Fix wrong mask for setting WM8996_AIF_CLOCKING_2
ASoC: da7210: Add support for line out and DAC
ASoC: da7210: Add support for DAPM
ALSA: hda/realtek - Fix DAC assignments of multiple speakers
ASoC: Use SGTL5000_LINREG_VDDD_MASK instead of hardcoded mask value
ASoC: Set sgtl5000->ldo in ldo_regulator_register
ASoC: wm8996: Use SND_SOC_DAPM_AIF_OUT for AIF2 Capture
ASoC: wm8994: Use SND_SOC_DAPM_AIF_OUT for AIF3 Capture
...
|
|
|
|
* pm-runtime:
PM / Tracing: build rpm-traces.c only if CONFIG_PM_RUNTIME is set
PM / Runtime: Replace dev_dbg() with trace_rpm_*()
PM / Runtime: Introduce trace points for tracing rpm_* functions
PM / Runtime: Don't run callbacks under lock for power.irq_safe set
USB: Add wakeup info to debugging messages
PM / Runtime: pm_runtime_idle() can be called in atomic context
PM / Runtime: Add macro to test for runtime PM events
PM / Runtime: Add might_sleep() to runtime PM functions
|
|
Before clearing the probing flag in the error exit path, check that the
chip pointer is not NULL.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Pfaff <tpfaff@gmx.net>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.39+]
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
The Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB sound card support is broken since kernel
2.6.39.
2.6.39 introduced power management support for USB sound cards that added
a probing flag in struct snd_usb_audio.
During the probe of the card it gives following error message :
usb 7-2: new full speed USB device number 2 using uhci_hcd
cannot find UAC_HEADER
snd-usb-audio: probe of 7-2:1.3 failed with error -5
input: USB Audio as
/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.1/usb7/7-2/7-2:1.3/input/input6
generic-usb 0003:0CCD:0028.0001: input: USB HID v1.00 Device [USB Audio]
on usb-0000:00:1d.1-2/input3
I can not comment about that "cannot find UAC_HEADER" error, but until
2.6.38 the card worked anyway.
With 2.6.39 chip->probing remains 1 on error exit, and any later ioctl
stops in snd_usb_autoresume with -ENODEV.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Pfaff <tpfaff@gmx.net>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.39+]
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
No code altered at this point, simply preparing for upcoming
refactorizations.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <zonque@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Move code from endpoint.c into a new file called stream.c and rename
functions so that their names actually reflect what they're doing.
This way, endpoint.c will be available to functions that hold all the
endpoint logic.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <zonque@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
This patch (as1482) adds a macro for testing whether or not a
pm_message value represents an autosuspend or autoresume (i.e., a
runtime PM) event. Encapsulating this notion seems preferable to
open-coding the test all over the place.
Signed-off-by: Alan Stern <stern@rowland.harvard.edu>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
|
|
Signed-off-by: Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
In order to allow quirks functions to hook up to the standard feature
unit op tables, this patch exports a pointer to the struct that is used
internally.
That way, all the code handling the control can be kept private, and
external code can reference the symbol to re-use it.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <zonque@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
This is needed for upcoming changes to the quirks mechanism.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Mack <zonque@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Some USB devices give trailing spaces in strings returned from
usb_string(). This confuses the automatic card-id creation, resulting
always in "default".
This patch fixes the behavior by removing trailing spaces.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
Devices are autosuspended if no pcm nor midi channel is open
Mixer devices may be opened. This way they are active when
in use to play or record sound, but can be suspended while
users have a mixer application running.
[Small clean-ups using static inline by tiwai]
Signed-off-by: Oliver Neukum <oneukum@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
- ESHUTDOWN must be correctly handled
- the optional interrupt endpoint's URB must be stopped and restarted
Signed-off-by: Oliver Neukum <oneukum@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
When a USB audio device is disconnected, snd_usb_audio_disconnect()
kills all audio URBs. At the same time, the application, after being
notified of the disconnection, might close the device, in which case
ALSA calls the .hw_free callback, which should free the URBs too.
Commit de1b8b93a0ba "[ALSA] Fix hang-up at disconnection of usb-audio"
prevented snd_usb_hw_free() from freeing the URBs to avoid a hang that
resulted from this race, but this introduced another race because the
URB callbacks could now be executed after snd_usb_hw_free() has
returned, and try to access already freed data.
Fix the first race by introducing a mutex to serialize the disconnect
callback and all PCM callbacks that manage URBs (hw_free and hw_params).
Reported-and-tested-by: Pierre-Louis Bossart <pierre-louis.bossart@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
[CL: also serialize hw_params callback]
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
|
|
Due to the wrong "return" in the loop, a capture substream won't be
released at disconnection properly if the device is capture only and has
no playback substream. This caused Oops occasionally at the device
reconnection.
Reported-by: Kim Minhyoung <minhyoung.kim@lge.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
|
|
|
The Audio Class v2 support code in 2.6.35 added checks for the
bInterfaceProtocol field. However, there are devices (usually those
detected by vendor-specific quirks) that do not have one of the
predefined values in this field, which made the driver reject them.
To fix this regression, restore the old behaviour, i.e., assume that
a device with an unknown bInterfaceProtocol field (other than
UAC_VERSION_2) has more or less UAC-v1-compatible descriptors.
[compile warning fixes by tiwai]
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Cc: Daniel Mack <daniel@caiaq.de>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
|
Takashi Iwai
Adam Goode
Sachin Kamat
Thomas Pugliese
Alan Stern
Clemens Ladisch
Eldad Zack
Antonio Ospite
Pavel Roskin
Daniel Mack
Rusty Russell
Paul Gortmaker
Linus Torvalds
Rafael J. Wysocki
Thomas Pfaff
Oliver Neukum