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2012-02-13perf tools: Fix build dependency of perf python extensionNamhyung Kim3-5/+25
The perf python extention (perf.so) file lacks its dependencies in the Makefile so that it cannot be refreshed if one of source files it depends is changed. Fix it by putting them in a separate file and processing it in both of Makefile and setup.py. Reported-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1329043524-12470-1-git-send-email-namhyung@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-09perf record: No build id option failsDavid Ahern1-2/+2
A recent refactoring of perf-record introduced the following: perf record -a -B Couldn't generating buildids. Use --no-buildid to profile anyway. sleep: Terminated I believe the triple negative was meant to be only a double negative. :-) While I'm there, fixed the grammar on the error message. Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328567272-13190-1-git-send-email-dsahern@gmail.com Signed-off-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-09perf tools: fix endianness detection in perf.dataStephane Eranian1-13/+64
The current version of perf detects whether or not the perf.data file is written in a different endianness using the attr_size field in the header of the file. This field represents sizeof(struct perf_event_attr) as known to perf record. If the sizes do not match, then perf tries the byte-swapped version. If they match, then the tool assumes a different endianness. The issue with the approach is that it assumes the size of perf_event_attr always has to match between perf record and perf report. However, the kernel perf_event ABI is extensible. New fields can be added to struct perf_event_attr. Consequently, it is not possible to use attr_size to detect endianness. This patch takes another approach by using the magic number written at the beginning of the perf.data file to detect endianness. The magic number is an eight-byte signature. It's primary purpose is to identify (signature) a perf.data file. But it could also be used to encode the endianness. The patch introduces a new value for this signature. The key difference is that the signature is written differently in the file depending on the endianness. Thus, by comparing the signature from the file with the tool's own signature it is possible to detect endianness. The new signature is "PERFILE2". Backward compatiblity with existing perf.data file is ensured. Tested-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Acked-by: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Arun Sharma <asharma@fb.com> Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Lin Ming <ming.m.lin@intel.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Roberto Agostino Vitillo <ravitillo@lbl.gov> Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com> Cc: Vince Weaver <vweaver1@eecs.utk.edu> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328187288-24395-15-git-send-email-eranian@google.com Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-06perf stat: Align scaled output of cpu-clockNamhyung Kim1-0/+2
The output of cpu-clock event is controlled in nsec_printout(), but its alignment was broken: Performance counter stats for 'sleep 1': 6,038,774 instructions # 0.00 insns per cycle 180 faults # 0.007 K/sec [99.95%] 1,282,201 branches # 0.053 M/sec [99.84%] 24126.221811 cpu-clock [99.62%] 24121.689540 task-clock # 24.098 CPUs utilized [99.52%] 1.001001017 seconds time elapsed This patch fixes this: Performance counter stats for 'sleep 1': 13,540,843 instructions # 0.00 insns per cycle 180 faults # 0.007 K/sec [99.94%] 2,875,386 branches # 0.119 M/sec [99.82%] 24144.221137 cpu-clock [99.61%] 24133.515366 task-clock # 24.109 CPUs utilized [99.52%] 1.001020946 seconds time elapsed Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328514285-26232-2-git-send-email-namhyung.kim@lge.com Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-06perf stat: Adjust print unitNamhyung Kim1-1/+7
The default 'M/sec' unit is not useful if the result is small enough. Adjust it dynamically according to the value. Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328514285-26232-1-git-send-email-namhyung.kim@lge.com Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-06perf doc: Allow producing documentation in a specified output directoryFranck Bui-Huu1-34/+52
Currently we can put the object files in a different directory by using 'O=' comand line argument. However the generated documentation files don't honor this directive, This patch fixes that. It's been tested for man target but the others seems currently broken so no tests have been done on them so far. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328541443-18003-1-git-send-email-fbuihuu@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Franck Bui-Huu <fbuihuu@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-06perf tool: Fix perf stack to non executable on x86_64Jiri Olsa1-0/+7
By adding following objects: bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm.o bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm.o the x86_64 perf binary ended up with executable stack. The reason was that above objects are assembler sourced and are missing the GNU-stack note section. In such case the linker assumes that the final binary should not be restricted at all and mark the stack as RWX. Adding section ".note.GNU-stack" definition to mentioned objects, with all flags disabled, thus omiting those objects from linker stack flags decision. Reported-at: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=783570 Reported-by: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com> Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Cc: Corey Ashford <cjashfor@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328100848-5630-1-git-send-email-jolsa@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com> [ committer note: Remaining bits after what was already added to perf/urgent ] Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-06Merge branch 'perf/urgent' into perf/coreArnaldo Carvalho de Melo3-1/+8
So that we can get the perf bench exec stack fixes and then apply the remaining fix for the files added after what is in perf/urgent. Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-06perf evsel: Fix an issue where perf report fails to show the proper percentageNaveen N. Rao1-0/+1
This patch fixes an issue where perf report shows nan% for certain perf.data files. The below is from a report for a do_fork probe: -nan% sshd [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_fork -nan% packagekitd [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_fork -nan% dbus-daemon [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_fork -nan% bash [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_fork A git bisect shows commit f3bda2c as the cause. However, looking back through the git history, I saw commit 640c03c which seems to have removed the required initialization for perf_sample->period. The problem only started showing after commit f3bda2c. The below patch re-introduces the initialization and it fixes the problem for me. With the below patch, for the same perf.data: 73.08% bash [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_fork 8.97% 11-dhclient [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_fork 6.41% sshd [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_fork 3.85% 20-chrony [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_fork 2.56% sendmail [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_fork This patch applies over current linux-tip commit 9949284. Problem introduced in: $ git describe 640c03c v2.6.37-rc3-83-g640c03c Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com> Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: stable@kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120203170113.5190.25558.stgit@localhost6.localdomain6 Signed-off-by: Naveen N. Rao <naveen.n.rao@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-06perf tools: Fix prefix matching for kernel mapsJiri Olsa1-1/+1
In some perf ancient versions we used '[kernel.kallsyms._text]' as the name for the kernel map. This got changed with commit: perf: 'perf kvm' tool for monitoring guest performance from host commit a1645ce12adb6c9cc9e19d7695466204e3f017fe Author: Zhang, Yanmin <yanmin_zhang@linux.intel.com> and we started to use following name '[kernel.kallsyms]_text'. This name change is important for the report code dealing with ancient perf data. When processing the kernel map event, we need to recognize the old naming (dont match the last ']') and initialize the kernel map correctly. The subsequent call to maps__set_kallsyms_ref_reloc_sym deals with the superfluous ']' to get correct symbol name. Cc: Corey Ashford <cjashfor@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328461865-6127-1-git-send-email-jolsa@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-06perf tools: Fix perf stack to non executable on x86_64Jiri Olsa1-0/+6
By adding following objects: bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm.o the x86_64 perf binary ended up with executable stack. The reason was that above object are assembler sourced and is missing the GNU-stack note section. In such case the linker assumes that the final binary should not be restricted at all and mark the stack as RWX. Adding section ".note.GNU-stack" definition to mentioned object, with all flags disabled, thus omiting this object from linker stack flags decision. Problem introduced in: $ git describe ea7872b v2.6.37-rc2-19-gea7872b Reported-at: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=783570 Reported-by: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com> Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com> Cc: Corey Ashford <cjashfor@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: stable@kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328100848-5630-1-git-send-email-jolsa@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com> [ committer note: Backported fix to perf/urgent (3.3-rc2+) ] Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-02perf record: Make feature initialization genericRobert Richter2-19/+10
Loop over all features to enable it instead of explicitly enabling every single feature. Reducing duplicate code and making it more robust to later changes e.g. when adding more features. Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1323966762-8574-3-git-send-email-robert.richter@amd.com Signed-off-by: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-02perf probe: Rename target_module to targetSrikar Dronamraju2-19/+19
This is a precursor patch that modifies names that refer to kernel/module to also refer to user space names. Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Anton Arapov <anton@redhat.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Jim Keniston <jkenisto@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Linux-mm <linux-mm@kvack.org> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@hack.frob.com> Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120202142040.5967.64156.sendpatchset@srdronam.in.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-02perf tools: Remove distclean from Makefile help outputJohn Kacur1-1/+0
distclean as an alias for clean was removed from the perf Makefile by commit a3d1ee10d1bf4520af3d44c1aa6cd46956ec4fd7 However, that commit neglected to remove it from the help output of the perf Makefile, which could result in a user trying the following. $ cd tools/perf/ $ make help | grep distclean distclean - alias to clean $ make distclean make: *** No rule to make target `distclean'. Stop. This patch removes it from the Makefile help output. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1328134591-19851-1-git-send-email-jkacur@redhat.com Signed-off-by: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-02-01perf evlist: Make splice_list_tail method publicJiri Olsa2-3/+8
Making perf_evlist__splice_list_tail globaly accessible. It is used in the upcomming paches. Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Corey Ashford <cjashfor@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1327674868-10486-2-git-send-email-jolsa@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf top: Fix number of samples displayedStephane Eranian1-3/+10
In recent versions of perf top, pressing the 'e' key to change the number of displayed samples had no effect. The number of samples was still dictated by the size of the terminal (stdio mode). That was quite annoying because typically only the first dozen samples really matter. This patch fixes this. Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120130105037.GA5160@quad Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf tools: Fix strlen() bug in perf_event__synthesize_event_type()Stephane Eranian1-1/+1
The event_type record has a max length for the event name. It's called MAX_EVENT_NAME. The name may be truncated to fit the max length. But the header.size still reflects the original name length. If that length is > MAX_EVENT_NAME, then the header.size field is bogus. Fix this by using the length of the name after the potential truncation. Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120120094912.GA4882@quad Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf tools: Fix broken build by defining _GNU_SOURCE in MakefileDavid Daney8-16/+3
When building on my Debian/mips system, util/util.c fails to build because commit 1aed2671738785e8f5aea663a6fda91aa7ef59b5 (perf kvm: Do guest-only counting by default) indirectly includes stdio.h before the feature selection in util.h is done. This prevents _GNU_SOURCE in util.h from enabling the declaration of getline(), from now second inclusion of stdio.h, and the build is broken. There is another breakage in util/evsel.c caused by include ordering, but I didn't fully track down the commit that caused it. The root cause of all this is an inconsistent definition of _GNU_SOURCE, so I move the definition into the Makefile so that it is passed to all invocations of the compiler and used uniformly for all system header files. All other #define and #undef of _GNU_SOURCE are removed as they cause conflicts with the definition passed to the compiler. All the features.h definitions (_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 and _GNU_SOURCE) are needed by the python glue code too, so they are moved to BASIC_CFLAGS, and the misleading comments about BASIC_CFLAGS are removed. This gives me a clean build on x86_64 (fc12) and mips (Debian). Cc: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1326836461-11952-1-git-send-email-ddaney.cavm@gmail.com Signed-off-by: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf python: Use attr.watermark in twatch.pyArnaldo Carvalho de Melo1-1/+1
We want to be woken up for every PERF_RECORD_ event, attr.wakeup_events is only for PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE, so also use attr.watermark = 1 to fix that. Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-v3lnpwgrr8mllcr3ntduuqvc@git.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf tools: Remove unnecessary ctype.h inclusionNamhyung Kim8-8/+1
There are unnecessary #include <ctype.h> out there, and they might cause a nasty build failure in some environment. As we already have most of ctype macros in util.h, just get rid of them. A few of exceptions are util/symbol.c which needs isupper() macro util.h doesn't provide and perl scripting support code which includes ctype.h internally. Suggested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1327827356-8786-4-git-send-email-namhyung@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf lock: Document lock info subcommandNamhyung Kim2-5/+19
The commit 26242d859c9be ("perf lock: Add "info" subcommand for dumping misc information") added the subcommand but missed documentation. Add it. Also update stale 'trace' subcommand to 'script'. Cc: Hitoshi Mitake <mitake@dcl.info.waseda.ac.jp> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1327827356-8786-5-git-send-email-namhyung@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf top: Fix number of samples displayedStephane Eranian1-3/+10
In recent versions of perf top, pressing the 'e' key to change the number of displayed samples had no effect. The number of samples was still dictated by the size of the terminal (stdio mode). That was quite annoying because typically only the first dozen samples really matter. This patch fixes this. Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120130105037.GA5160@quad Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf script: Add option resolving vmlinux pathAkihiro Nagai4-3/+13
Add the option get the path of [kernel.kallsyms]. Specify '--show-kernel-path' option to use this function. This patch enables other applications to use this output easily. Without --show-kernel-path option ffffffff81467612 irq_return ([kernel.kallsyms]) ffffffff81467612 irq_return ([kernel.kallsyms]) 7f24fc02a6b3 _start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) [snip] With --show-kernel-path option ffffffff81467612 irq_return (/lib/modules/3.2.0+/build/vmlinux) ffffffff81467612 irq_return (/lib/modules/3.2.0+/build/vmlinux) 7f24fc02a6b3 _start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) [snip] Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: yrl.pp-manager.tt@hitachi.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120130044320.2384.73322.stgit@linux3 Signed-off-by: Akihiro Nagai <akihiro.nagai.hw@hitachi.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf script: Add the offset field specifierAkihiro Nagai6-15/+46
Add the offset field specifier 'symoff' to show the offset from the symbols in the output of perf-script. We can get the more detailed address information. Output sample: ffffffff81467612 irq_return+0x0 => 301ec016b0 _start+0x0 ffffffff81467612 irq_return+0x0 => 301ec016b0 _start+0x0 301ec016b3 _start+0x3 => 301ec04b70 _dl_start+0x0 ffffffff81467612 irq_return+0x0 => 301ec04b70 _dl_start+0x0 ffffffff81467612 irq_return+0x0 => 301ec04b96 _dl_start+0x26 ffffffff81467612 irq_return+0x0 => 301ec04b9d _dl_start+0x2d 301ec04beb _dl_start+0x7b => 301ec04c0d _dl_start+0x9d 301ec04c11 _dl_start+0xa1 => 301ec04bf0 _dl_start+0x80 [snip] Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: yrl.pp-manager.tt@hitachi.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120130044314.2384.67094.stgit@linux3 Signed-off-by: Akihiro Nagai <akihiro.nagai.hw@hitachi.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf script: Print branch_from and branch_to of BTS eventsAkihiro Nagai1-0/+42
BTS records branch_from_addr and branch_to_addr in IP and ADDR field in perf_sample. This patch enables to print them in following format, <from_addr> <from_symbol> (<from_dso>) => <to_addr> <to_symbol> (<to_dso>) Sample: ffffffff814675d2 irq_return ([kernel.kallsyms]) => 3f03e016b0 _start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) ffffffff814675d2 irq_return ([kernel.kallsyms]) => 3f03e016b0 _start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) 3f03e016b3 _start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) => 3f03e04b80 _dl_start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) ffffffff814675d2 irq_return ([kernel.kallsyms]) => 3f03e04b80 _dl_start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) ffffffff814675d2 irq_return ([kernel.kallsyms]) => 3f03e04ba6 _dl_start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) ffffffff814675d2 irq_return ([kernel.kallsyms]) => 3f03e04bad _dl_start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) 3f03e04bfb _dl_start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) => 3f03e04c1d _dl_start (/lib64/ld-2.14.so) [snip] Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: yrl.pp-manager.tt@hitachi.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120130044309.2384.44252.stgit@linux3 Signed-off-by: Akihiro Nagai <akihiro.nagai.hw@hitachi.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf script: Unify the expressions indicating "unknown"Akihiro Nagai6-39/+42
The perf script command uses various expressions to indicate "unknown". It is unfriendly for user scripts to parse it. So, this patch unifies the expressions to "[unknown]". Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: yrl.pp-manager.tt@hitachi.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120130044257.2384.62905.stgit@linux3 Signed-off-by: Akihiro Nagai <akihiro.nagai.hw@hitachi.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-30perf evsel: Fix spelling typoMasanari Iida1-1/+1
Correct spelling "unsuported" to "unsupported" in tools/peft/util/evsel.c Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: standby24x7@gmail.com Cc: trivial@kernel.org Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1327500312-9520-1-git-send-email-standby24x7@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-27Merge branch 'perf/fast' into perf/coreIngo Molnar1-2/+175
Merge reason: Lets ready it for v3.4 Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2012-01-26Merge tag 'perf-core-for-mingo' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux into perf/coreIngo Molnar37-47/+597
Pull in the latest perf/core improvements and fixes. Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2012-01-24perf tools: Fix strlen() bug in perf_event__synthesize_event_type()Stephane Eranian1-1/+1
The event_type record has a max length for the event name. It's called MAX_EVENT_NAME. The name may be truncated to fit the max length. But the header.size still reflects the original name length. If that length is > MAX_EVENT_NAME, then the header.size field is bogus. Fix this by using the length of the name after the potential truncation. Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120120094912.GA4882@quad Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-24perf probe: Usability fixesSrikar Dronamraju1-3/+3
Ingo pointed out few perf probe usability related errors during his review of uprobes. Since these issues are independent of uprobes, fixing them in a separate patch. Suggested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120120121354.GL15447@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-24perf tools: Fix broken build by defining _GNU_SOURCE in MakefileDavid Daney8-16/+3
When building on my Debian/mips system, util/util.c fails to build because commit 1aed2671738785e8f5aea663a6fda91aa7ef59b5 (perf kvm: Do guest-only counting by default) indirectly includes stdio.h before the feature selection in util.h is done. This prevents _GNU_SOURCE in util.h from enabling the declaration of getline(), from now second inclusion of stdio.h, and the build is broken. There is another breakage in util/evsel.c caused by include ordering, but I didn't fully track down the commit that caused it. The root cause of all this is an inconsistent definition of _GNU_SOURCE, so I move the definition into the Makefile so that it is passed to all invocations of the compiler and used uniformly for all system header files. All other #define and #undef of _GNU_SOURCE are removed as they cause conflicts with the definition passed to the compiler. All the features.h definitions (_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 and _GNU_SOURCE) are needed by the python glue code too, so they are moved to BASIC_CFLAGS, and the misleading comments about BASIC_CFLAGS are removed. This gives me a clean build on x86_64 (fc12) and mips (Debian). Cc: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Joerg Roedel <joerg.roedel@amd.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung.kim@lge.com> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1326836461-11952-1-git-send-email-ddaney.cavm@gmail.com Signed-off-by: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-24perf bench: Allow passing an iteration count to "bench mem mem{cpy,set}"Jan Beulich2-4/+18
"perf stat ... perf bench mem mem..." is pretty meaningless when using small block sizes (as the overhead of the invocation of each test run basically hides the actual test result in the noise). Repeating the actually interesting function's invocation a number of times allows the results to become meaningful. Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4F16D767020000780006D738@nat28.tlf.novell.com Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-24perf bench: Also allow measuring memset()Jan Beulich8-2/+331
This simply clones the respective memcpy() implementation. Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4F16D743020000780006D735@nat28.tlf.novell.com Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-24perf bench: Also allow measuring alternative memcpy implementationsJan Beulich2-0/+12
Intended to be able to support the current selection of the preferred memcpy() implementation, this patch adds the ability to also measure the two alternative implementations, again by way of using some pre-processsor replacement. While on my Westmere system this proves that the movsb based variant is worse than the movsq based one (since the ERMS feature isn't there), it also shows that here for the default as well as small sizes the unrolled variant outperforms the movsq one. Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4F16D728020000780006D732@nat28.tlf.novell.com Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-24perf bench: Make "default" memcpy() selection actually use glibc's implementationJan Beulich1-1/+1
Since arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S implements not only __memcpy, but also memcpy, without further precautions this function will get chose by the static linker for resolving all references, and hence the "default" measurement didn't really measure anything else than the "x86-64-unrolled" one. Fix this by renaming (through the pre-processor) the conflicting symbol. On my Westmere system, the glibc variant turns out to require about 4% less instructions, but 15% more cycles for the default 1Mb block size measured. Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4F16D6FD020000780006D72F@nat28.tlf.novell.com Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-24perf tools: Introduce per user viewArnaldo Carvalho de Melo18-22/+200
The new --uid command line option will show only the tasks for a given user, using the proc interface to figure out the existing tasks. Kernel work is needed to close races at startup, but this should already be useful in many use cases. Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-bdnspm000gw2l984a2t53o8z@git.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-24perf tools: Add fprintf methods for thread_map and cpu_map classesArnaldo Carvalho de Melo4-0/+30
For helping with debugging. Cc: David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com> Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@google.com> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-m06n4rp7pwr6dlzwoq89cl69@git.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2012-01-18Merge branch 'release' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linuxLinus Torvalds1-0/+2
This includes initial support for the recently published ACPI 5.0 spec. In particular, support for the "hardware-reduced" bit that eliminates the dependency on legacy hardware. APEI has patches resulting from testing on real hardware. Plus other random fixes. * 'release' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux: (52 commits) acpi/apei/einj: Add extensions to EINJ from rev 5.0 of acpi spec intel_idle: Split up and provide per CPU initialization func ACPI processor: Remove unneeded variable passed by acpi_processor_hotadd_init V2 ACPI processor: Remove unneeded cpuidle_unregister_driver call intel idle: Make idle driver more robust intel_idle: Fix a cast to pointer from integer of different size warning in intel_idle ACPI: kernel-parameters.txt : Add intel_idle.max_cstate intel_idle: remove redundant local_irq_disable() call ACPI processor: Fix error path, also remove sysdev link ACPI: processor: fix acpi_get_cpuid for UP processor intel_idle: fix API misuse ACPI APEI: Convert atomicio routines ACPI: Export interfaces for ioremapping/iounmapping ACPI registers ACPI: Fix possible alignment issues with GAS 'address' references ACPI, ia64: Use SRAT table rev to use 8bit or 16/32bit PXM fields (ia64) ACPI, x86: Use SRAT table rev to use 8bit or 32bit PXM fields (x86/x86-64) ACPI: Store SRAT table revision ACPI, APEI, Resolve false conflict between ACPI NVS and APEI ACPI, Record ACPI NVS regions ACPI, APEI, EINJ, Refine the fix of resource conflict ...
2012-01-18Merge branches 'einj', 'intel_idle', 'misc', 'srat' and 'turbostat-ivb' into releaseLen Brown1-0/+2
2012-01-16Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-ktestLinus Torvalds3-192/+581
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-ktest: ktest: Add INGORE_ERRORS to ignore warnings in boot up ktest: Still do reboot even for REBOOT_TYPE = script ktest: Fix compare script to test if options are not documented ktest: Detect typos in option names ktest: Have all values be set by defaults ktest: Change initialization of defaults hash to perl format ktest: Add options SWITCH_TO_GOOD and SWITCH_TO_TEST ktest: Allow overriding bisect test results ktest: Evaluate options before processing them ktest: Evaluate $KERNEL_VERSION in both install and post install ktest: Only ask options needed for install ktest: When creating a new config, ask for BUILD_OPTIONS ktest: Do not ask for some options if the only test is build ktest: Ask for type of test when creating a new config ktest: Allow bisect test to restart where it left off ktest: When creating new config, allow the use of ${THIS_DIR} ktest: Add default for ssh-user, build-target and target-image ktest: Allow success logs to be stored ktest: Save test output
2012-01-15Merge branch 'perf-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tipLinus Torvalds15-84/+124
* 'perf-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (39 commits) perf tools: Fix compile error on x86_64 Ubuntu perf report: Fix --stdio output alignment when --showcpuutilization used perf annotate: Get rid of field_sep check perf annotate: Fix usage string perf kmem: Fix a memory leak perf kmem: Add missing closedir() calls perf top: Add error message for EMFILE perf test: Change type of '-v' option to INCR perf script: Add missing closedir() calls tracing: Fix compile error when static ftrace is enabled recordmcount: Fix handling of elf64 big-endian objects. perf tools: Add const.h to MANIFEST to make perf-tar-src-pkg work again perf tools: Add support for guest/host-only profiling perf kvm: Do guest-only counting by default perf top: Don't update total_period on process_sample perf hists: Stop using 'self' for struct hist_entry perf hists: Rename total_session to total_period x86: Add counter when debug stack is used with interrupts enabled x86: Allow NMIs to hit breakpoints in i386 x86: Keep current stack in NMI breakpoints ...
2012-01-14Merge branch 'for-3.3' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linuxLinus Torvalds1-0/+49
* 'for-3.3' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (31 commits) nfsd4: nfsd4_create_clid_dir return value is unused NFSD: Change name of extended attribute containing junction svcrpc: don't revert to SVC_POOL_DEFAULT on nfsd shutdown svcrpc: fix double-free on shutdown of nfsd after changing pool mode nfsd4: be forgiving in the absence of the recovery directory nfsd4: fix spurious 4.1 post-reboot failures NFSD: forget_delegations should use list_for_each_entry_safe NFSD: Only reinitilize the recall_lru list under the recall lock nfsd4: initialize special stateid's at compile time NFSd: use network-namespace-aware cache registering routines SUNRPC: create svc_xprt in proper network namespace svcrpc: update outdated BKL comment nfsd41: allow non-reclaim open-by-fh's in 4.1 svcrpc: avoid memory-corruption on pool shutdown svcrpc: destroy server sockets all at once svcrpc: make svc_delete_xprt static nfsd: Fix oops when parsing a 0 length export nfsd4: Use kmemdup rather than duplicating its implementation nfsd4: add a separate (lockowner, inode) lookup nfsd4: fix CONFIG_NFSD_FAULT_INJECTION compile error ...
2012-01-12Merge branch 'akpm' (aka "Andrew's patch-bomb, take two")Linus Torvalds4-0/+433
Andrew explains: - various misc stuff - Most of the rest of MM: memcg, threaded hugepages, others. - cpumask - kexec - kdump - some direct-io performance tweaking - radix-tree optimisations - new selftests code A note on this: often people will develop a new userspace-visible feature and will develop userspace code to exercise/test that feature. Then they merge the patch and the selftest code dies. Sometimes we paste it into the changelog. Sometimes the code gets thrown into Documentation/(!). This saddens me. So this patch creates a bare-bones framework which will henceforth allow me to ask people to include their test apps in the kernel tree so we can keep them alive. Then when people enhance or fix the feature, I can ask them to update the test app too. The infrastruture is terribly trivial at present - let's see how it evolves. - checkpoint/restart feature work. A note on this: this is a project by various mad Russians to perform c/r mainly from userspace, with various oddball helper code added into the kernel where the need is demonstrated. So rather than some large central lump of code, what we have is little bits and pieces popping up in various places which either expose something new or which permit something which is normally kernel-private to be modified. The overall project is an ongoing thing. I've judged that the size and scope of the thing means that we're more likely to be successful with it if we integrate the support into mainline piecemeal rather than allowing it all to develop out-of-tree. However I'm less confident than the developers that it will all eventually work! So what I'm asking them to do is to wrap each piece of new code inside CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE. So if it all eventually comes to tears and the project as a whole fails, it should be a simple matter to go through and delete all trace of it. This lot pretty much wraps up the -rc1 merge for me. * akpm: (96 commits) unlzo: fix input buffer free ramoops: update parameters only after successful init ramoops: fix use of rounddown_pow_of_two() c/r: prctl: add PR_SET_MM codes to set up mm_struct entries c/r: procfs: add start_data, end_data, start_brk members to /proc/$pid/stat v4 c/r: introduce CHECKPOINT_RESTORE symbol selftests: new x86 breakpoints selftest selftests: new very basic kernel selftests directory radix_tree: take radix_tree_path off stack radix_tree: remove radix_tree_indirect_to_ptr() dio: optimize cache misses in the submission path vfs: cache request_queue in struct block_device fs/direct-io.c: calculate fs_count correctly in get_more_blocks() drivers/parport/parport_pc.c: fix warnings panic: don't print redundant backtraces on oops sysctl: add the kernel.ns_last_pid control kdump: add udev events for memory online/offline include/linux/crash_dump.h needs elf.h kdump: fix crash_kexec()/smp_send_stop() race in panic() kdump: crashk_res init check for /sys/kernel/kexec_crash_size ...
2012-01-12selftests: new x86 breakpoints selftestFrederic Weisbecker4-2/+416
Bring a first selftest in the relevant directory. This tests several combinations of breakpoints and watchpoints in x86, as well as icebp traps and int3 traps. Given the amount of breakpoint regressions we raised after we merged the generic breakpoint infrastructure, such selftest became necessary and can still serve today as a basis for new patches that touch the do_debug() path. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-01-12selftests: new very basic kernel selftests directoryFrederic Weisbecker2-0/+19
Bring a new kernel selftests directory in tools/testing/selftests. To add a new selftest, create a subdirectory with the sources and a makefile that creates a target named "run_test" then add the subdirectory name to the TARGET var in tools/testing/selftests/Makefile and tools/testing/selftests/run_tests script. This can help centralizing and maintaining any useful selftest that developers usually tend to let rust in peace on some random server. Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Jason Wessel <jason.wessel@windriver.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.cz> Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-01-12lguest: move the lguest tool to the tools directoryDavidlohr Bueso5-0/+2261
This is a better location instead of having it in Documentation. Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@gnu.org> Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (fixed compile)
2012-01-12virtio: rename virtqueue_add_buf_gfp to virtqueue_add_bufRusty Russell2-16/+8
Remove wrapper functions. This makes the allocation type explicit in all callers; I used GPF_KERNEL where it seemed obvious, left it at GFP_ATOMIC otherwise. Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
2012-01-12virtio: harsher barriers for rpmsg.Rusty Russell2-1/+3
We were cheating with our barriers; using the smp ones rather than the real device ones. That was fine, until rpmsg came along, which is used to talk to a real device (a non-SMP CPU). Unfortunately, just putting back the real barriers (reverting d57ed95d) causes a performance regression on virtio-pci. In particular, Amos reports netbench's TCP_RR over virtio_net CPU utilization increased up to 35% while throughput went down by up to 14%. By comparison, this branch is in the noise. Reference: https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/12/11/22 Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
2012-01-10mm-tracepoint: fix documentation and examplesKonstantin Khlebnikov1-17/+17
We renamed the page-free mm tracepoints. Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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