From bd174169c7a12a37b3b4aa2221f084ade010b182 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: David Windsor Date: Fri, 10 Mar 2017 10:34:12 -0500 Subject: locking/refcount: Add refcount_t API kernel-doc comments Signed-off-by: David Windsor Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Paul E. McKenney Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: elena.reshetova@intel.com Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1489160052-20293-1-git-send-email-dwindsor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar --- lib/refcount.c | 122 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 110 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) (limited to 'lib') diff --git a/lib/refcount.c b/lib/refcount.c index aa09ad3c30b0..8e206ce5609b 100644 --- a/lib/refcount.c +++ b/lib/refcount.c @@ -37,6 +37,24 @@ #include #include +/** + * refcount_add_not_zero - add a value to a refcount unless it is 0 + * @i: the value to add to the refcount + * @r: the refcount + * + * Will saturate at UINT_MAX and WARN. + * + * Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller has guaranteed the + * object memory to be stable (RCU, etc.). It does provide a control dependency + * and thereby orders future stores. See the comment on top. + * + * Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting + * use case in which references are taken and released one at a time. In these + * cases, refcount_inc(), or one of its variants, should instead be used to + * increment a reference count. + * + * Return: false if the passed refcount is 0, true otherwise + */ bool refcount_add_not_zero(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r) { unsigned int old, new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); @@ -64,18 +82,39 @@ bool refcount_add_not_zero(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r) } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_add_not_zero); +/** + * refcount_add - add a value to a refcount + * @i: the value to add to the refcount + * @r: the refcount + * + * Similar to atomic_add(), but will saturate at UINT_MAX and WARN. + * + * Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller has guaranteed the + * object memory to be stable (RCU, etc.). It does provide a control dependency + * and thereby orders future stores. See the comment on top. + * + * Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting + * use case in which references are taken and released one at a time. In these + * cases, refcount_inc(), or one of its variants, should instead be used to + * increment a reference count. + */ void refcount_add(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r) { WARN_ONCE(!refcount_add_not_zero(i, r), "refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n"); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_add); -/* - * Similar to atomic_inc_not_zero(), will saturate at UINT_MAX and WARN. +/** + * refcount_inc_not_zero - increment a refcount unless it is 0 + * @r: the refcount to increment + * + * Similar to atomic_inc_not_zero(), but will saturate at UINT_MAX and WARN. * * Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller has guaranteed the * object memory to be stable (RCU, etc.). It does provide a control dependency * and thereby orders future stores. See the comment on top. + * + * Return: true if the increment was successful, false otherwise */ bool refcount_inc_not_zero(refcount_t *r) { @@ -103,11 +142,17 @@ bool refcount_inc_not_zero(refcount_t *r) } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_inc_not_zero); -/* - * Similar to atomic_inc(), will saturate at UINT_MAX and WARN. +/** + * refcount_inc - increment a refcount + * @r: the refcount to increment + * + * Similar to atomic_inc(), but will saturate at UINT_MAX and WARN. * * Provides no memory ordering, it is assumed the caller already has a - * reference on the object, will WARN when this is not so. + * reference on the object. + * + * Will WARN if the refcount is 0, as this represents a possible use-after-free + * condition. */ void refcount_inc(refcount_t *r) { @@ -115,6 +160,26 @@ void refcount_inc(refcount_t *r) } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_inc); +/** + * refcount_sub_and_test - subtract from a refcount and test if it is 0 + * @i: amount to subtract from the refcount + * @r: the refcount + * + * Similar to atomic_dec_and_test(), but it will WARN, return false and + * ultimately leak on underflow and will fail to decrement when saturated + * at UINT_MAX. + * + * Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done + * before, and provides a control dependency such that free() must come after. + * See the comment on top. + * + * Use of this function is not recommended for the normal reference counting + * use case in which references are taken and released one at a time. In these + * cases, refcount_dec(), or one of its variants, should instead be used to + * decrement a reference count. + * + * Return: true if the resulting refcount is 0, false otherwise + */ bool refcount_sub_and_test(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r) { unsigned int old, new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); @@ -140,13 +205,18 @@ bool refcount_sub_and_test(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r) } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_sub_and_test); -/* +/** + * refcount_dec_and_test - decrement a refcount and test if it is 0 + * @r: the refcount + * * Similar to atomic_dec_and_test(), it will WARN on underflow and fail to * decrement when saturated at UINT_MAX. * * Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done * before, and provides a control dependency such that free() must come after. * See the comment on top. + * + * Return: true if the resulting refcount is 0, false otherwise */ bool refcount_dec_and_test(refcount_t *r) { @@ -154,21 +224,26 @@ bool refcount_dec_and_test(refcount_t *r) } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_dec_and_test); -/* +/** + * refcount_dec - decrement a refcount + * @r: the refcount + * * Similar to atomic_dec(), it will WARN on underflow and fail to decrement * when saturated at UINT_MAX. * * Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done * before. */ - void refcount_dec(refcount_t *r) { WARN_ONCE(refcount_dec_and_test(r), "refcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory.\n"); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_dec); -/* +/** + * refcount_dec_if_one - decrement a refcount if it is 1 + * @r: the refcount + * * No atomic_t counterpart, it attempts a 1 -> 0 transition and returns the * success thereof. * @@ -178,6 +253,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_dec); * It can be used like a try-delete operator; this explicit case is provided * and not cmpxchg in generic, because that would allow implementing unsafe * operations. + * + * Return: true if the resulting refcount is 0, false otherwise */ bool refcount_dec_if_one(refcount_t *r) { @@ -185,11 +262,16 @@ bool refcount_dec_if_one(refcount_t *r) } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_dec_if_one); -/* +/** + * refcount_dec_not_one - decrement a refcount if it is not 1 + * @r: the refcount + * * No atomic_t counterpart, it decrements unless the value is 1, in which case * it will return false. * * Was often done like: atomic_add_unless(&var, -1, 1) + * + * Return: true if the decrement operation was successful, false otherwise */ bool refcount_dec_not_one(refcount_t *r) { @@ -219,13 +301,21 @@ bool refcount_dec_not_one(refcount_t *r) } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_dec_not_one); -/* +/** + * refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock - return holding mutex if able to decrement + * refcount to 0 + * @r: the refcount + * @lock: the mutex to be locked + * * Similar to atomic_dec_and_mutex_lock(), it will WARN on underflow and fail * to decrement when saturated at UINT_MAX. * * Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done * before, and provides a control dependency such that free() must come after. * See the comment on top. + * + * Return: true and hold mutex if able to decrement refcount to 0, false + * otherwise */ bool refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock(refcount_t *r, struct mutex *lock) { @@ -242,13 +332,21 @@ bool refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock(refcount_t *r, struct mutex *lock) } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock); -/* +/** + * refcount_dec_and_lock - return holding spinlock if able to decrement + * refcount to 0 + * @r: the refcount + * @lock: the spinlock to be locked + * * Similar to atomic_dec_and_lock(), it will WARN on underflow and fail to * decrement when saturated at UINT_MAX. * * Provides release memory ordering, such that prior loads and stores are done * before, and provides a control dependency such that free() must come after. * See the comment on top. + * + * Return: true and hold spinlock if able to decrement refcount to 0, false + * otherwise */ bool refcount_dec_and_lock(refcount_t *r, spinlock_t *lock) { -- cgit v1.2.3-59-g8ed1b From b78c0d471255e99411d6c1b3975df21c3cd9f349 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Peter Zijlstra Date: Wed, 1 Feb 2017 16:07:55 +0100 Subject: locking/refcounts: Use atomic_try_cmpxchg() Generates better code (GCC-6.2.1): text filename 1576 defconfig-build/lib/refcount.o.pre 1488 defconfig-build/lib/refcount.o.post Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Brian Gerst Cc: Denys Vlasenko Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Paul E. McKenney Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar --- lib/refcount.c | 47 +++++++++++++++-------------------------------- 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-) (limited to 'lib') diff --git a/lib/refcount.c b/lib/refcount.c index 8e206ce5609b..f42124ccf295 100644 --- a/lib/refcount.c +++ b/lib/refcount.c @@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ */ bool refcount_add_not_zero(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r) { - unsigned int old, new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); + unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); - for (;;) { + do { if (!val) return false; @@ -69,12 +69,8 @@ bool refcount_add_not_zero(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r) new = val + i; if (new < val) new = UINT_MAX; - old = atomic_cmpxchg_relaxed(&r->refs, val, new); - if (old == val) - break; - val = old; - } + } while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_relaxed(&r->refs, &val, new)); WARN_ONCE(new == UINT_MAX, "refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory.\n"); @@ -118,9 +114,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_add); */ bool refcount_inc_not_zero(refcount_t *r) { - unsigned int old, new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); + unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); - for (;;) { + do { new = val + 1; if (!val) @@ -129,12 +125,7 @@ bool refcount_inc_not_zero(refcount_t *r) if (unlikely(!new)) return true; - old = atomic_cmpxchg_relaxed(&r->refs, val, new); - if (old == val) - break; - - val = old; - } + } while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_relaxed(&r->refs, &val, new)); WARN_ONCE(new == UINT_MAX, "refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory.\n"); @@ -182,9 +173,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_inc); */ bool refcount_sub_and_test(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r) { - unsigned int old, new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); + unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); - for (;;) { + do { if (unlikely(val == UINT_MAX)) return false; @@ -194,12 +185,7 @@ bool refcount_sub_and_test(unsigned int i, refcount_t *r) return false; } - old = atomic_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, val, new); - if (old == val) - break; - - val = old; - } + } while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, &val, new)); return !new; } @@ -258,7 +244,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_dec); */ bool refcount_dec_if_one(refcount_t *r) { - return atomic_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, 1, 0) == 1; + int val = 1; + + return atomic_try_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, &val, 0); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_dec_if_one); @@ -275,9 +263,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(refcount_dec_if_one); */ bool refcount_dec_not_one(refcount_t *r) { - unsigned int old, new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); + unsigned int new, val = atomic_read(&r->refs); - for (;;) { + do { if (unlikely(val == UINT_MAX)) return true; @@ -290,12 +278,7 @@ bool refcount_dec_not_one(refcount_t *r) return true; } - old = atomic_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, val, new); - if (old == val) - break; - - val = old; - } + } while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg_release(&r->refs, &val, new)); return true; } -- cgit v1.2.3-59-g8ed1b