/* * Core of Xen paravirt_ops implementation. * * This file contains the xen_paravirt_ops structure itself, and the * implementations for: * - privileged instructions * - interrupt flags * - segment operations * - booting and setup * * Jeremy Fitzhardinge , XenSource Inc, 2007 */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "xen-ops.h" #include "mmu.h" #include "multicalls.h" EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hypercall_page); DEFINE_PER_CPU(enum paravirt_lazy_mode, xen_lazy_mode); DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vcpu_info *, xen_vcpu); DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vcpu_info, xen_vcpu_info); DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, xen_cr3); struct start_info *xen_start_info; EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xen_start_info); static void xen_vcpu_setup(int cpu) { per_cpu(xen_vcpu, cpu) = &HYPERVISOR_shared_info->vcpu_info[cpu]; } static void __init xen_banner(void) { printk(KERN_INFO "Booting paravirtualized kernel on %s\n", paravirt_ops.name); printk(KERN_INFO "Hypervisor signature: %s\n", xen_start_info->magic); } static void xen_cpuid(unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx, unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx) { unsigned maskedx = ~0; /* * Mask out inconvenient features, to try and disable as many * unsupported kernel subsystems as possible. */ if (*eax == 1) maskedx = ~((1 << X86_FEATURE_APIC) | /* disable APIC */ (1 << X86_FEATURE_ACPI) | /* disable ACPI */ (1 << X86_FEATURE_ACC)); /* thermal monitoring */ asm(XEN_EMULATE_PREFIX "cpuid" : "=a" (*eax), "=b" (*ebx), "=c" (*ecx), "=d" (*edx) : "0" (*eax), "2" (*ecx)); *edx &= maskedx; } static void xen_set_debugreg(int reg, unsigned long val) { HYPERVISOR_set_debugreg(reg, val); } static unsigned long xen_get_debugreg(int reg) { return HYPERVISOR_get_debugreg(reg); } static unsigned long xen_save_fl(void) { struct vcpu_info *vcpu; unsigned long flags; preempt_disable(); vcpu = x86_read_percpu(xen_vcpu); /* flag has opposite sense of mask */ flags = !vcpu->evtchn_upcall_mask; preempt_enable(); /* convert to IF type flag -0 -> 0x00000000 -1 -> 0xffffffff */ return (-flags) & X86_EFLAGS_IF; } static void xen_restore_fl(unsigned long flags) { struct vcpu_info *vcpu; preempt_disable(); /* convert from IF type flag */ flags = !(flags & X86_EFLAGS_IF); vcpu = x86_read_percpu(xen_vcpu); vcpu->evtchn_upcall_mask = flags; if (flags == 0) { /* Unmask then check (avoid races). We're only protecting against updates by this CPU, so there's no need for anything stronger. */ barrier(); if (unlikely(vcpu->evtchn_upcall_pending)) force_evtchn_callback(); preempt_enable(); } else preempt_enable_no_resched(); } static void xen_irq_disable(void) { struct vcpu_info *vcpu; preempt_disable(); vcpu = x86_read_percpu(xen_vcpu); vcpu->evtchn_upcall_mask = 1; preempt_enable_no_resched(); } static void xen_irq_enable(void) { struct vcpu_info *vcpu; preempt_disable(); vcpu = x86_read_percpu(xen_vcpu); vcpu->evtchn_upcall_mask = 0; /* Unmask then check (avoid races). We're only protecting against updates by this CPU, so there's no need for anything stronger. */ barrier(); if (unlikely(vcpu->evtchn_upcall_pending)) force_evtchn_callback(); preempt_enable(); } static void xen_safe_halt(void) { /* Blocking includes an implicit local_irq_enable(). */ if (HYPERVISOR_sched_op(SCHEDOP_block, 0) != 0) BUG(); } static void xen_halt(void) { if (irqs_disabled()) HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op(VCPUOP_down, smp_processor_id(), NULL); else xen_safe_halt(); } static void xen_set_lazy_mode(enum paravirt_lazy_mode mode) { switch (mode) { case PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE: BUG_ON(x86_read_percpu(xen_lazy_mode) == PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE); break; case PARAVIRT_LAZY_MMU: case PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU: BUG_ON(x86_read_percpu(xen_lazy_mode) != PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE); break; case PARAVIRT_LAZY_FLUSH: /* flush if necessary, but don't change state */ if (x86_read_percpu(xen_lazy_mode) != PARAVIRT_LAZY_NONE) xen_mc_flush(); return; } xen_mc_flush(); x86_write_percpu(xen_lazy_mode, mode); } static unsigned long xen_store_tr(void) { return 0; } static void xen_set_ldt(const void *addr, unsigned entries) { unsigned long linear_addr = (unsigned long)addr; struct mmuext_op *op; struct multicall_space mcs = xen_mc_entry(sizeof(*op)); op = mcs.args; op->cmd = MMUEXT_SET_LDT; if (linear_addr) { /* ldt my be vmalloced, use arbitrary_virt_to_machine */ xmaddr_t maddr; maddr = arbitrary_virt_to_machine((unsigned long)addr); linear_addr = (unsigned long)maddr.maddr; } op->arg1.linear_addr = linear_addr; op->arg2.nr_ents = entries; MULTI_mmuext_op(mcs.mc, op, 1, NULL, DOMID_SELF); xen_mc_issue(PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU); } static void xen_load_gdt(const struct Xgt_desc_struct *dtr) { unsigned long *frames; unsigned long va = dtr->address; unsigned int size = dtr->size + 1; unsigned pages = (size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) / PAGE_SIZE; int f; struct multicall_space mcs; /* A GDT can be up to 64k in size, which corresponds to 8192 8-byte entries, or 16 4k pages.. */ BUG_ON(size > 65536); BUG_ON(va & ~PAGE_MASK); mcs = xen_mc_entry(sizeof(*frames) * pages); frames = mcs.args; for (f = 0; va < dtr->address + size; va += PAGE_SIZE, f++) { frames[f] = virt_to_mfn(va); make_lowmem_page_readonly((void *)va); } MULTI_set_gdt(mcs.mc, frames, size / sizeof(struct desc_struct)); xen_mc_issue(PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU); } static void load_TLS_descriptor(struct thread_struct *t, unsigned int cpu, unsigned int i) { struct desc_struct *gdt = get_cpu_gdt_table(cpu); xmaddr_t maddr = virt_to_machine(&gdt[GDT_ENTRY_TLS_MIN+i]); struct multicall_space mc = __xen_mc_entry(0); MULTI_update_descriptor(mc.mc, maddr.maddr, t->tls_array[i]); } static void xen_load_tls(struct thread_struct *t, unsigned int cpu) { xen_mc_batch(); load_TLS_descriptor(t, cpu, 0); load_TLS_descriptor(t, cpu, 1); load_TLS_descriptor(t, cpu, 2); xen_mc_issue(PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU); } static void xen_write_ldt_entry(struct desc_struct *dt, int entrynum, u32 low, u32 high) { unsigned long lp = (unsigned long)&dt[entrynum]; xmaddr_t mach_lp = virt_to_machine(lp); u64 entry = (u64)high << 32 | low; xen_mc_flush(); if (HYPERVISOR_update_descriptor(mach_lp.maddr, entry)) BUG(); } static int cvt_gate_to_trap(int vector, u32 low, u32 high, struct trap_info *info) { u8 type, dpl; type = (high >> 8) & 0x1f; dpl = (high >> 13) & 3; if (type != 0xf && type != 0xe) return 0; info->vector = vector; info->address = (high & 0xffff0000) | (low & 0x0000ffff); info->cs = low >> 16; info->flags = dpl; /* interrupt gates clear IF */ if (type == 0xe) info->flags |= 4; return 1; } /* Locations of each CPU's IDT */ static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct Xgt_desc_struct, idt_desc); /* Set an IDT entry. If the entry is part of the current IDT, then also update Xen. */ static void xen_write_idt_entry(struct desc_struct *dt, int entrynum, u32 low, u32 high) { int cpu = smp_processor_id(); unsigned long p = (unsigned long)&dt[entrynum]; unsigned long start = per_cpu(idt_desc, cpu).address; unsigned long end = start + per_cpu(idt_desc, cpu).size + 1; xen_mc_flush(); write_dt_entry(dt, entrynum, low, high); if (p >= start && (p + 8) <= end) { struct trap_info info[2]; info[1].address = 0; if (cvt_gate_to_trap(entrynum, low, high, &info[0])) if (HYPERVISOR_set_trap_table(info)) BUG(); } } /* Load a new IDT into Xen. In principle this can be per-CPU, so we hold a spinlock to protect the static traps[] array (static because it avoids allocation, and saves stack space). */ static void xen_load_idt(const struct Xgt_desc_struct *desc) { static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lock); static struct trap_info traps[257]; int cpu = smp_processor_id(); unsigned in, out, count; per_cpu(idt_desc, cpu) = *desc; count = (desc->size+1) / 8; BUG_ON(count > 256); spin_lock(&lock); for (in = out = 0; in < count; in++) { const u32 *entry = (u32 *)(desc->address + in * 8); if (cvt_gate_to_trap(in, entry[0], entry[1], &traps[out])) out++; } traps[out].address = 0; xen_mc_flush(); if (HYPERVISOR_set_trap_table(traps)) BUG(); spin_unlock(&lock); } /* Write a GDT descriptor entry. Ignore LDT descriptors, since they're handled differently. */ static void xen_write_gdt_entry(struct desc_struct *dt, int entry, u32 low, u32 high) { switch ((high >> 8) & 0xff) { case DESCTYPE_LDT: case DESCTYPE_TSS: /* ignore */ break; default: { xmaddr_t maddr = virt_to_machine(&dt[entry]); u64 desc = (u64)high << 32 | low; xen_mc_flush(); if (HYPERVISOR_update_descriptor(maddr.maddr, desc)) BUG(); } } } static void xen_load_esp0(struct tss_struct *tss, struct thread_struct *thread) { struct multicall_space mcs = xen_mc_entry(0); MULTI_stack_switch(mcs.mc, __KERNEL_DS, thread->esp0); xen_mc_issue(PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU); } static void xen_set_iopl_mask(unsigned mask) { struct physdev_set_iopl set_iopl; /* Force the change at ring 0. */ set_iopl.iopl = (mask == 0) ? 1 : (mask >> 12) & 3; HYPERVISOR_physdev_op(PHYSDEVOP_set_iopl, &set_iopl); } static void xen_io_delay(void) { } #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC static unsigned long xen_apic_read(unsigned long reg) { return 0; } #endif static void xen_flush_tlb(void) { struct mmuext_op op; op.cmd = MMUEXT_TLB_FLUSH_LOCAL; if (HYPERVISOR_mmuext_op(&op, 1, NULL, DOMID_SELF)) BUG(); } static void xen_flush_tlb_single(unsigned long addr) { struct mmuext_op op; op.cmd = MMUEXT_INVLPG_LOCAL; op.arg1.linear_addr = addr & PAGE_MASK; if (HYPERVISOR_mmuext_op(&op, 1, NULL, DOMID_SELF)) BUG(); } static unsigned long xen_read_cr2(void) { return x86_read_percpu(xen_vcpu)->arch.cr2; } static void xen_write_cr4(unsigned long cr4) { /* never allow TSC to be disabled */ native_write_cr4(cr4 & ~X86_CR4_TSD); } /* * Page-directory addresses above 4GB do not fit into architectural %cr3. * When accessing %cr3, or equivalent field in vcpu_guest_context, guests * must use the following accessor macros to pack/unpack valid MFNs. * * Note that Xen is using the fact that the pagetable base is always * page-aligned, and putting the 12 MSB of the address into the 12 LSB * of cr3. */ #define xen_pfn_to_cr3(pfn) (((unsigned)(pfn) << 12) | ((unsigned)(pfn) >> 20)) #define xen_cr3_to_pfn(cr3) (((unsigned)(cr3) >> 12) | ((unsigned)(cr3) << 20)) static unsigned long xen_read_cr3(void) { return x86_read_percpu(xen_cr3); } static void xen_write_cr3(unsigned long cr3) { if (cr3 == x86_read_percpu(xen_cr3)) { /* just a simple tlb flush */ xen_flush_tlb(); return; } x86_write_percpu(xen_cr3, cr3); { struct mmuext_op *op; struct multicall_space mcs = xen_mc_entry(sizeof(*op)); unsigned long mfn = pfn_to_mfn(PFN_DOWN(cr3)); op = mcs.args; op->cmd = MMUEXT_NEW_BASEPTR; op->arg1.mfn = mfn; MULTI_mmuext_op(mcs.mc, op, 1, NULL, DOMID_SELF); xen_mc_issue(PARAVIRT_LAZY_CPU); } } /* Early in boot, while setting up the initial pagetable, assume everything is pinned. */ static __init void xen_alloc_pt_init(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 pfn) { BUG_ON(mem_map); /* should only be used early */ make_lowmem_page_readonly(__va(PFN_PHYS(pfn))); } /* This needs to make sure the new pte page is pinned iff its being attached to a pinned pagetable. */ static void xen_alloc_pt(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 pfn) { struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn); if (PagePinned(virt_to_page(mm->pgd))) { SetPagePinned(page); if (!PageHighMem(page)) make_lowmem_page_readonly(__va(PFN_PHYS(pfn))); else /* make sure there are no stray mappings of this page */ kmap_flush_unused(); } } /* This should never happen until we're OK to use struct page */ static void xen_release_pt(u32 pfn) { struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn); if (PagePinned(page)) { if (!PageHighMem(page)) make_lowmem_page_readwrite(__va(PFN_PHYS(pfn))); } } #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHPTE static void *xen_kmap_atomic_pte(struct page *page, enum km_type type) { pgprot_t prot = PAGE_KERNEL; if (PagePinned(page)) prot = PAGE_KERNEL_RO; if (0 && PageHighMem(page)) printk("mapping highpte %lx type %d prot %s\n", page_to_pfn(page), type, (unsigned long)pgprot_val(prot) & _PAGE_RW ? "WRITE" : "READ"); return kmap_atomic_prot(page, type, prot); } #endif static __init pte_t mask_rw_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte) { /* If there's an existing pte, then don't allow _PAGE_RW to be set */ if (pte_val_ma(*ptep) & _PAGE_PRESENT) pte = __pte_ma(((pte_val_ma(*ptep) & _PAGE_RW) | ~_PAGE_RW) & pte_val_ma(pte)); return pte; } /* Init-time set_pte while constructing initial pagetables, which doesn't allow RO pagetable pages to be remapped RW */ static __init void xen_set_pte_init(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte) { pte = mask_rw_pte(ptep, pte); xen_set_pte(ptep, pte); } static __init void xen_pagetable_setup_start(pgd_t *base) { pgd_t *xen_pgd = (pgd_t *)xen_start_info->pt_base; /* special set_pte for pagetable initialization */ paravirt_ops.set_pte = xen_set_pte_init; init_mm.pgd = base; /* * copy top-level of Xen-supplied pagetable into place. For * !PAE we can use this as-is, but for PAE it is a stand-in * while we copy the pmd pages. */ memcpy(base, xen_pgd, PTRS_PER_PGD * sizeof(pgd_t)); if (PTRS_PER_PMD > 1) { int i; /* * For PAE, need to allocate new pmds, rather than * share Xen's, since Xen doesn't like pmd's being * shared between address spaces. */ for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PGD; i++) { if (pgd_val_ma(xen_pgd[i]) & _PAGE_PRESENT) { pmd_t *pmd = (pmd_t *)alloc_bootmem_low_pages(PAGE_SIZE); memcpy(pmd, (void *)pgd_page_vaddr(xen_pgd[i]), PAGE_SIZE); make_lowmem_page_readonly(pmd); set_pgd(&base[i], __pgd(1 + __pa(pmd))); } else pgd_clear(&base[i]); } } /* make sure zero_page is mapped RO so we can use it in pagetables */ make_lowmem_page_readonly(empty_zero_page); make_lowmem_page_readonly(base); /* * Switch to new pagetable. This is done before * pagetable_init has done anything so that the new pages * added to the table can be prepared properly for Xen. */ xen_write_cr3(__pa(base)); } static __init void xen_pagetable_setup_done(pgd_t *base) { /* This will work as long as patching hasn't happened yet (which it hasn't) */ paravirt_ops.alloc_pt = xen_alloc_pt; paravirt_ops.set_pte = xen_set_pte; if (!xen_feature(XENFEAT_auto_translated_physmap)) { /* * Create a mapping for the shared info page. * Should be set_fixmap(), but shared_info is a machine * address with no corresponding pseudo-phys address. */ set_pte_mfn(fix_to_virt(FIX_PARAVIRT_BOOTMAP), PFN_DOWN(xen_start_info->shared_info), PAGE_KERNEL); HYPERVISOR_shared_info = (struct shared_info *)fix_to_virt(FIX_PARAVIRT_BOOTMAP); } else HYPERVISOR_shared_info = (struct shared_info *)__va(xen_start_info->shared_info); /* Actually pin the pagetable down, but we can't set PG_pinned yet because the page structures don't exist yet. */ { struct mmuext_op op; #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE op.cmd = MMUEXT_PIN_L3_TABLE; #else op.cmd = MMUEXT_PIN_L3_TABLE; #endif op.arg1.mfn = pfn_to_mfn(PFN_DOWN(__pa(base))); if (HYPERVISOR_mmuext_op(&op, 1, NULL, DOMID_SELF)) BUG(); } xen_vcpu_setup(smp_processor_id()); } static const struct paravirt_ops xen_paravirt_ops __initdata = { .paravirt_enabled = 1, .shared_kernel_pmd = 0, .name = "Xen", .banner = xen_banner, .patch = paravirt_patch_default, .memory_setup = xen_memory_setup, .arch_setup = xen_arch_setup, .init_IRQ = xen_init_IRQ, .post_allocator_init = xen_mark_init_mm_pinned, .time_init = xen_time_init, .set_wallclock = xen_set_wallclock, .get_wallclock = xen_get_wallclock, .get_cpu_khz = xen_cpu_khz, .sched_clock = xen_clocksource_read, .cpuid = xen_cpuid, .set_debugreg = xen_set_debugreg, .get_debugreg = xen_get_debugreg, .clts = native_clts, .read_cr0 = native_read_cr0, .write_cr0 = native_write_cr0, .read_cr2 = xen_read_cr2, .write_cr2 = native_write_cr2, .read_cr3 = xen_read_cr3, .write_cr3 = xen_write_cr3, .read_cr4 = native_read_cr4, .read_cr4_safe = native_read_cr4_safe, .write_cr4 = xen_write_cr4, .save_fl = xen_save_fl, .restore_fl = xen_restore_fl, .irq_disable = xen_irq_disable, .irq_enable = xen_irq_enable, .safe_halt = xen_safe_halt, .halt = xen_halt, .wbinvd = native_wbinvd, .read_msr = native_read_msr_safe, .write_msr = native_write_msr_safe, .read_tsc = native_read_tsc, .read_pmc = native_read_pmc, .iret = (void *)&hypercall_page[__HYPERVISOR_iret], .irq_enable_sysexit = NULL, /* never called */ .load_tr_desc = paravirt_nop, .set_ldt = xen_set_ldt, .load_gdt = xen_load_gdt, .load_idt = xen_load_idt, .load_tls = xen_load_tls, .store_gdt = native_store_gdt, .store_idt = native_store_idt, .store_tr = xen_store_tr, .write_ldt_entry = xen_write_ldt_entry, .write_gdt_entry = xen_write_gdt_entry, .write_idt_entry = xen_write_idt_entry, .load_esp0 = xen_load_esp0, .set_iopl_mask = xen_set_iopl_mask, .io_delay = xen_io_delay, #ifdef CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC .apic_write = paravirt_nop, .apic_write_atomic = paravirt_nop, .apic_read = xen_apic_read, .setup_boot_clock = paravirt_nop, .setup_secondary_clock = paravirt_nop, .startup_ipi_hook = paravirt_nop, #endif .flush_tlb_user = xen_flush_tlb, .flush_tlb_kernel = xen_flush_tlb, .flush_tlb_single = xen_flush_tlb_single, .pte_update = paravirt_nop, .pte_update_defer = paravirt_nop, .pagetable_setup_start = xen_pagetable_setup_start, .pagetable_setup_done = xen_pagetable_setup_done, .alloc_pt = xen_alloc_pt_init, .release_pt = xen_release_pt, .alloc_pd = paravirt_nop, .alloc_pd_clone = paravirt_nop, .release_pd = paravirt_nop, #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHPTE .kmap_atomic_pte = xen_kmap_atomic_pte, #endif .set_pte = NULL, /* see xen_pagetable_setup_* */ .set_pte_at = xen_set_pte_at, .set_pmd = xen_set_pmd, .pte_val = xen_pte_val, .pgd_val = xen_pgd_val, .make_pte = xen_make_pte, .make_pgd = xen_make_pgd, #ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE .set_pte_atomic = xen_set_pte_atomic, .set_pte_present = xen_set_pte_at, .set_pud = xen_set_pud, .pte_clear = xen_pte_clear, .pmd_clear = xen_pmd_clear, .make_pmd = xen_make_pmd, .pmd_val = xen_pmd_val, #endif /* PAE */ .activate_mm = xen_activate_mm, .dup_mmap = xen_dup_mmap, .exit_mmap = xen_exit_mmap, .set_lazy_mode = xen_set_lazy_mode, }; /* First C function to be called on Xen boot */ asmlinkage void __init xen_start_kernel(void) { pgd_t *pgd; if (!xen_start_info) return; BUG_ON(memcmp(xen_start_info->magic, "xen-3.0", 7) != 0); /* Install Xen paravirt ops */ paravirt_ops = xen_paravirt_ops; xen_setup_features(); /* Get mfn list */ if (!xen_feature(XENFEAT_auto_translated_physmap)) phys_to_machine_mapping = (unsigned long *)xen_start_info->mfn_list; pgd = (pgd_t *)xen_start_info->pt_base; init_pg_tables_end = __pa(pgd) + xen_start_info->nr_pt_frames*PAGE_SIZE; init_mm.pgd = pgd; /* use the Xen pagetables to start */ /* keep using Xen gdt for now; no urgent need to change it */ x86_write_percpu(xen_cr3, __pa(pgd)); xen_vcpu_setup(0); paravirt_ops.kernel_rpl = 1; if (xen_feature(XENFEAT_supervisor_mode_kernel)) paravirt_ops.kernel_rpl = 0; /* set the limit of our address space */ reserve_top_address(-HYPERVISOR_VIRT_START + 2 * PAGE_SIZE); /* set up basic CPUID stuff */ cpu_detect(&new_cpu_data); new_cpu_data.hard_math = 1; new_cpu_data.x86_capability[0] = cpuid_edx(1); /* Poke various useful things into boot_params */ LOADER_TYPE = (9 << 4) | 0; INITRD_START = xen_start_info->mod_start ? __pa(xen_start_info->mod_start) : 0; INITRD_SIZE = xen_start_info->mod_len; /* Start the world */ start_kernel(); }