/* * linux/arch/x86_64/nmi.c * * NMI watchdog support on APIC systems * * Started by Ingo Molnar * * Fixes: * Mikael Pettersson : AMD K7 support for local APIC NMI watchdog. * Mikael Pettersson : Power Management for local APIC NMI watchdog. * Pavel Machek and * Mikael Pettersson : PM converted to driver model. Disable/enable API. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include /* * lapic_nmi_owner tracks the ownership of the lapic NMI hardware: * - it may be reserved by some other driver, or not * - when not reserved by some other driver, it may be used for * the NMI watchdog, or not * * This is maintained separately from nmi_active because the NMI * watchdog may also be driven from the I/O APIC timer. */ static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lapic_nmi_owner_lock); static unsigned int lapic_nmi_owner; #define LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG (1<<0) #define LAPIC_NMI_RESERVED (1<<1) /* nmi_active: * +1: the lapic NMI watchdog is active, but can be disabled * 0: the lapic NMI watchdog has not been set up, and cannot * be enabled * -1: the lapic NMI watchdog is disabled, but can be enabled */ int nmi_active; /* oprofile uses this */ int panic_on_timeout; unsigned int nmi_watchdog = NMI_DEFAULT; static unsigned int nmi_hz = HZ; static unsigned int nmi_perfctr_msr; /* the MSR to reset in NMI handler */ static unsigned int nmi_p4_cccr_val; /* Note that these events don't tick when the CPU idles. This means the frequency varies with CPU load. */ #define K7_EVNTSEL_ENABLE (1 << 22) #define K7_EVNTSEL_INT (1 << 20) #define K7_EVNTSEL_OS (1 << 17) #define K7_EVNTSEL_USR (1 << 16) #define K7_EVENT_CYCLES_PROCESSOR_IS_RUNNING 0x76 #define K7_NMI_EVENT K7_EVENT_CYCLES_PROCESSOR_IS_RUNNING #define MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE 0x1A0 #define MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE_PERF_AVAIL (1<<7) #define MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE_PEBS_UNAVAIL (1<<12) #define MSR_P4_PERFCTR0 0x300 #define MSR_P4_CCCR0 0x360 #define P4_ESCR_EVENT_SELECT(N) ((N)<<25) #define P4_ESCR_OS (1<<3) #define P4_ESCR_USR (1<<2) #define P4_CCCR_OVF_PMI0 (1<<26) #define P4_CCCR_OVF_PMI1 (1<<27) #define P4_CCCR_THRESHOLD(N) ((N)<<20) #define P4_CCCR_COMPLEMENT (1<<19) #define P4_CCCR_COMPARE (1<<18) #define P4_CCCR_REQUIRED (3<<16) #define P4_CCCR_ESCR_SELECT(N) ((N)<<13) #define P4_CCCR_ENABLE (1<<12) /* Set up IQ_COUNTER0 to behave like a clock, by having IQ_CCCR0 filter CRU_ESCR0 (with any non-null event selector) through a complemented max threshold. [IA32-Vol3, Section 14.9.9] */ #define MSR_P4_IQ_COUNTER0 0x30C #define P4_NMI_CRU_ESCR0 (P4_ESCR_EVENT_SELECT(0x3F)|P4_ESCR_OS|P4_ESCR_USR) #define P4_NMI_IQ_CCCR0 \ (P4_CCCR_OVF_PMI0|P4_CCCR_THRESHOLD(15)|P4_CCCR_COMPLEMENT| \ P4_CCCR_COMPARE|P4_CCCR_REQUIRED|P4_CCCR_ESCR_SELECT(4)|P4_CCCR_ENABLE) static __cpuinit inline int nmi_known_cpu(void) { switch (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor) { case X86_VENDOR_AMD: return boot_cpu_data.x86 == 15; case X86_VENDOR_INTEL: return boot_cpu_data.x86 == 15; } return 0; } /* Run after command line and cpu_init init, but before all other checks */ void __cpuinit nmi_watchdog_default(void) { if (nmi_watchdog != NMI_DEFAULT) return; if (nmi_known_cpu()) nmi_watchdog = NMI_LOCAL_APIC; else nmi_watchdog = NMI_IO_APIC; } #ifdef CONFIG_SMP /* The performance counters used by NMI_LOCAL_APIC don't trigger when * the CPU is idle. To make sure the NMI watchdog really ticks on all * CPUs during the test make them busy. */ static __init void nmi_cpu_busy(void *data) { volatile int *endflag = data; local_irq_enable(); /* Intentionally don't use cpu_relax here. This is to make sure that the performance counter really ticks, even if there is a simulator or similar that catches the pause instruction. On a real HT machine this is fine because all other CPUs are busy with "useless" delay loops and don't care if they get somewhat less cycles. */ while (*endflag == 0) barrier(); } #endif int __init check_nmi_watchdog (void) { volatile int endflag = 0; int *counts; int cpu; counts = kmalloc(NR_CPUS * sizeof(int), GFP_KERNEL); if (!counts) return -1; printk(KERN_INFO "testing NMI watchdog ... "); if (nmi_watchdog == NMI_LOCAL_APIC) smp_call_function(nmi_cpu_busy, (void *)&endflag, 0, 0); for (cpu = 0; cpu < NR_CPUS; cpu++) counts[cpu] = cpu_pda[cpu].__nmi_count; local_irq_enable(); mdelay((10*1000)/nmi_hz); // wait 10 ticks for (cpu = 0; cpu < NR_CPUS; cpu++) { if (!cpu_online(cpu)) continue; if (cpu_pda[cpu].__nmi_count - counts[cpu] <= 5) { endflag = 1; printk("CPU#%d: NMI appears to be stuck (%d->%d)!\n", cpu, counts[cpu], cpu_pda[cpu].__nmi_count); nmi_active = 0; lapic_nmi_owner &= ~LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG; nmi_perfctr_msr = 0; kfree(counts); return -1; } } endflag = 1; printk("OK.\n"); /* now that we know it works we can reduce NMI frequency to something more reasonable; makes a difference in some configs */ if (nmi_watchdog == NMI_LOCAL_APIC) nmi_hz = 1; kfree(counts); return 0; } int __init setup_nmi_watchdog(char *str) { int nmi; if (!strncmp(str,"panic",5)) { panic_on_timeout = 1; str = strchr(str, ','); if (!str) return 1; ++str; } get_option(&str, &nmi); if (nmi >= NMI_INVALID) return 0; nmi_watchdog = nmi; return 1; } __setup("nmi_watchdog=", setup_nmi_watchdog); static void disable_lapic_nmi_watchdog(void) { if (nmi_active <= 0) return; switch (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor) { case X86_VENDOR_AMD: wrmsr(MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0, 0, 0); break; case X86_VENDOR_INTEL: if (boot_cpu_data.x86 == 15) { wrmsr(MSR_P4_IQ_CCCR0, 0, 0); wrmsr(MSR_P4_CRU_ESCR0, 0, 0); } break; } nmi_active = -1; /* tell do_nmi() and others that we're not active any more */ nmi_watchdog = 0; } static void enable_lapic_nmi_watchdog(void) { if (nmi_active < 0) { nmi_watchdog = NMI_LOCAL_APIC; setup_apic_nmi_watchdog(); } } int reserve_lapic_nmi(void) { unsigned int old_owner; spin_lock(&lapic_nmi_owner_lock); old_owner = lapic_nmi_owner; lapic_nmi_owner |= LAPIC_NMI_RESERVED; spin_unlock(&lapic_nmi_owner_lock); if (old_owner & LAPIC_NMI_RESERVED) return -EBUSY; if (old_owner & LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG) disable_lapic_nmi_watchdog(); return 0; } void release_lapic_nmi(void) { unsigned int new_owner; spin_lock(&lapic_nmi_owner_lock); new_owner = lapic_nmi_owner & ~LAPIC_NMI_RESERVED; lapic_nmi_owner = new_owner; spin_unlock(&lapic_nmi_owner_lock); if (new_owner & LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG) enable_lapic_nmi_watchdog(); } void disable_timer_nmi_watchdog(void) { if ((nmi_watchdog != NMI_IO_APIC) || (nmi_active <= 0)) return; disable_irq(0); unset_nmi_callback(); nmi_active = -1; nmi_watchdog = NMI_NONE; } void enable_timer_nmi_watchdog(void) { if (nmi_active < 0) { nmi_watchdog = NMI_IO_APIC; touch_nmi_watchdog(); nmi_active = 1; enable_irq(0); } } #ifdef CONFIG_PM static int nmi_pm_active; /* nmi_active before suspend */ static int lapic_nmi_suspend(struct sys_device *dev, u32 state) { nmi_pm_active = nmi_active; disable_lapic_nmi_watchdog(); return 0; } static int lapic_nmi_resume(struct sys_device *dev) { if (nmi_pm_active > 0) enable_lapic_nmi_watchdog(); return 0; } static struct sysdev_class nmi_sysclass = { set_kset_name("lapic_nmi"), .resume = lapic_nmi_resume, .suspend = lapic_nmi_suspend, }; static struct sys_device device_lapic_nmi = { .id = 0, .cls = &nmi_sysclass, }; static int __init init_lapic_nmi_sysfs(void) { int error; if (nmi_active == 0 || nmi_watchdog != NMI_LOCAL_APIC) return 0; error = sysdev_class_register(&nmi_sysclass); if (!error) error = sysdev_register(&device_lapic_nmi); return error; } /* must come after the local APIC's device_initcall() */ late_initcall(init_lapic_nmi_sysfs); #endif /* CONFIG_PM */ /* * Activate the NMI watchdog via the local APIC. * Original code written by Keith Owens. */ static void clear_msr_range(unsigned int base, unsigned int n) { unsigned int i; for(i = 0; i < n; ++i) wrmsr(base+i, 0, 0); } static void setup_k7_watchdog(void) { int i; unsigned int evntsel; nmi_perfctr_msr = MSR_K7_PERFCTR0; for(i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { /* Simulator may not support it */ if (checking_wrmsrl(MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0+i, 0UL)) { nmi_perfctr_msr = 0; return; } wrmsrl(MSR_K7_PERFCTR0+i, 0UL); } evntsel = K7_EVNTSEL_INT | K7_EVNTSEL_OS | K7_EVNTSEL_USR | K7_NMI_EVENT; wrmsr(MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0, evntsel, 0); wrmsr(MSR_K7_PERFCTR0, -(cpu_khz/nmi_hz*1000), -1); apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI); evntsel |= K7_EVNTSEL_ENABLE; wrmsr(MSR_K7_EVNTSEL0, evntsel, 0); } static int setup_p4_watchdog(void) { unsigned int misc_enable, dummy; rdmsr(MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE, misc_enable, dummy); if (!(misc_enable & MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE_PERF_AVAIL)) return 0; nmi_perfctr_msr = MSR_P4_IQ_COUNTER0; nmi_p4_cccr_val = P4_NMI_IQ_CCCR0; #ifdef CONFIG_SMP if (smp_num_siblings == 2) nmi_p4_cccr_val |= P4_CCCR_OVF_PMI1; #endif if (!(misc_enable & MSR_P4_MISC_ENABLE_PEBS_UNAVAIL)) clear_msr_range(0x3F1, 2); /* MSR 0x3F0 seems to have a default value of 0xFC00, but current docs doesn't fully define it, so leave it alone for now. */ if (boot_cpu_data.x86_model >= 0x3) { /* MSR_P4_IQ_ESCR0/1 (0x3ba/0x3bb) removed */ clear_msr_range(0x3A0, 26); clear_msr_range(0x3BC, 3); } else { clear_msr_range(0x3A0, 31); } clear_msr_range(0x3C0, 6); clear_msr_range(0x3C8, 6); clear_msr_range(0x3E0, 2); clear_msr_range(MSR_P4_CCCR0, 18); clear_msr_range(MSR_P4_PERFCTR0, 18); wrmsr(MSR_P4_CRU_ESCR0, P4_NMI_CRU_ESCR0, 0); wrmsr(MSR_P4_IQ_CCCR0, P4_NMI_IQ_CCCR0 & ~P4_CCCR_ENABLE, 0); Dprintk("setting P4_IQ_COUNTER0 to 0x%08lx\n", -(cpu_khz/nmi_hz*1000)); wrmsr(MSR_P4_IQ_COUNTER0, -(cpu_khz/nmi_hz*1000), -1); apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI); wrmsr(MSR_P4_IQ_CCCR0, nmi_p4_cccr_val, 0); return 1; } void setup_apic_nmi_watchdog(void) { switch (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor) { case X86_VENDOR_AMD: if (boot_cpu_data.x86 != 15) return; if (strstr(boot_cpu_data.x86_model_id, "Screwdriver")) return; setup_k7_watchdog(); break; case X86_VENDOR_INTEL: if (boot_cpu_data.x86 != 15) return; if (!setup_p4_watchdog()) return; break; default: return; } lapic_nmi_owner = LAPIC_NMI_WATCHDOG; nmi_active = 1; } /* * the best way to detect whether a CPU has a 'hard lockup' problem * is to check it's local APIC timer IRQ counts. If they are not * changing then that CPU has some problem. * * as these watchdog NMI IRQs are generated on every CPU, we only * have to check the current processor. */ static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned, last_irq_sum); static DEFINE_PER_CPU(local_t, alert_counter); static DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, nmi_touch); void touch_nmi_watchdog (void) { int i; /* * Tell other CPUs to reset their alert counters. We cannot * do it ourselves because the alert count increase is not * atomic. */ for (i = 0; i < NR_CPUS; i++) per_cpu(nmi_touch, i) = 1; } void nmi_watchdog_tick (struct pt_regs * regs, unsigned reason) { int sum; int touched = 0; sum = read_pda(apic_timer_irqs); if (__get_cpu_var(nmi_touch)) { __get_cpu_var(nmi_touch) = 0; touched = 1; } if (!touched && __get_cpu_var(last_irq_sum) == sum) { /* * Ayiee, looks like this CPU is stuck ... * wait a few IRQs (5 seconds) before doing the oops ... */ local_inc(&__get_cpu_var(alert_counter)); if (local_read(&__get_cpu_var(alert_counter)) == 5*nmi_hz) { if (notify_die(DIE_NMI, "nmi", regs, reason, 2, SIGINT) == NOTIFY_STOP) { local_set(&__get_cpu_var(alert_counter), 0); return; } die_nmi("NMI Watchdog detected LOCKUP on CPU%d", regs); } } else { __get_cpu_var(last_irq_sum) = sum; local_set(&__get_cpu_var(alert_counter), 0); } if (nmi_perfctr_msr) { if (nmi_perfctr_msr == MSR_P4_IQ_COUNTER0) { /* * P4 quirks: * - An overflown perfctr will assert its interrupt * until the OVF flag in its CCCR is cleared. * - LVTPC is masked on interrupt and must be * unmasked by the LVTPC handler. */ wrmsr(MSR_P4_IQ_CCCR0, nmi_p4_cccr_val, 0); apic_write(APIC_LVTPC, APIC_DM_NMI); } wrmsr(nmi_perfctr_msr, -(cpu_khz/nmi_hz*1000), -1); } } static int dummy_nmi_callback(struct pt_regs * regs, int cpu) { return 0; } static nmi_callback_t nmi_callback = dummy_nmi_callback; asmlinkage void do_nmi(struct pt_regs * regs, long error_code) { int cpu = safe_smp_processor_id(); nmi_enter(); add_pda(__nmi_count,1); if (!nmi_callback(regs, cpu)) default_do_nmi(regs); nmi_exit(); } void set_nmi_callback(nmi_callback_t callback) { nmi_callback = callback; } void unset_nmi_callback(void) { nmi_callback = dummy_nmi_callback; } #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL static int unknown_nmi_panic_callback(struct pt_regs *regs, int cpu) { unsigned char reason = get_nmi_reason(); char buf[64]; if (!(reason & 0xc0)) { sprintf(buf, "NMI received for unknown reason %02x\n", reason); die_nmi(buf,regs); } return 0; } /* * proc handler for /proc/sys/kernel/unknown_nmi_panic */ int proc_unknown_nmi_panic(struct ctl_table *table, int write, struct file *file, void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos) { int old_state; old_state = unknown_nmi_panic; proc_dointvec(table, write, file, buffer, length, ppos); if (!!old_state == !!unknown_nmi_panic) return 0; if (unknown_nmi_panic) { if (reserve_lapic_nmi() < 0) { unknown_nmi_panic = 0; return -EBUSY; } else { set_nmi_callback(unknown_nmi_panic_callback); } } else { release_lapic_nmi(); unset_nmi_callback(); } return 0; } #endif EXPORT_SYMBOL(nmi_active); EXPORT_SYMBOL(nmi_watchdog); EXPORT_SYMBOL(reserve_lapic_nmi); EXPORT_SYMBOL(release_lapic_nmi); EXPORT_SYMBOL(disable_timer_nmi_watchdog); EXPORT_SYMBOL(enable_timer_nmi_watchdog); EXPORT_SYMBOL(touch_nmi_watchdog);