/* * linux/fs/block_dev.c * * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds * Copyright (C) 2001 Andrea Arcangeli SuSE */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "internal.h" struct bdev_inode { struct block_device bdev; struct inode vfs_inode; }; static const struct address_space_operations def_blk_aops; static inline struct bdev_inode *BDEV_I(struct inode *inode) { return container_of(inode, struct bdev_inode, vfs_inode); } struct block_device *I_BDEV(struct inode *inode) { return &BDEV_I(inode)->bdev; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(I_BDEV); static void bdev_write_inode(struct block_device *bdev) { struct inode *inode = bdev->bd_inode; int ret; spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); while (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); ret = write_inode_now(inode, true); if (ret) { char name[BDEVNAME_SIZE]; pr_warn_ratelimited("VFS: Dirty inode writeback failed " "for block device %s (err=%d).\n", bdevname(bdev, name), ret); } spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); } spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); } /* Kill _all_ buffers and pagecache , dirty or not.. */ void kill_bdev(struct block_device *bdev) { struct address_space *mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping; if (mapping->nrpages == 0 && mapping->nrexceptional == 0) return; invalidate_bh_lrus(); truncate_inode_pages(mapping, 0); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(kill_bdev); /* Invalidate clean unused buffers and pagecache. */ void invalidate_bdev(struct block_device *bdev) { struct address_space *mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping; if (mapping->nrpages) { invalidate_bh_lrus(); lru_add_drain_all(); /* make sure all lru add caches are flushed */ invalidate_mapping_pages(mapping, 0, -1); } /* 99% of the time, we don't need to flush the cleancache on the bdev. * But, for the strange corners, lets be cautious */ cleancache_invalidate_inode(mapping); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(invalidate_bdev); int set_blocksize(struct block_device *bdev, int size) { /* Size must be a power of two, and between 512 and PAGE_SIZE */ if (size > PAGE_SIZE || size < 512 || !is_power_of_2(size)) return -EINVAL; /* Size cannot be smaller than the size supported by the device */ if (size < bdev_logical_block_size(bdev)) return -EINVAL; /* Don't change the size if it is same as current */ if (bdev->bd_block_size != size) { sync_blockdev(bdev); bdev->bd_block_size = size; bdev->bd_inode->i_blkbits = blksize_bits(size); kill_bdev(bdev); } return 0; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_blocksize); int sb_set_blocksize(struct super_block *sb, int size) { if (set_blocksize(sb->s_bdev, size)) return 0; /* If we get here, we know size is power of two * and it's value is between 512 and PAGE_SIZE */ sb->s_blocksize = size; sb->s_blocksize_bits = blksize_bits(size); return sb->s_blocksize; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(sb_set_blocksize); int sb_min_blocksize(struct super_block *sb, int size) { int minsize = bdev_logical_block_size(sb->s_bdev); if (size < minsize) size = minsize; return sb_set_blocksize(sb, size); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(sb_min_blocksize); static int blkdev_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock, struct buffer_head *bh, int create) { bh->b_bdev = I_BDEV(inode); bh->b_blocknr = iblock; set_buffer_mapped(bh); return 0; } static struct inode *bdev_file_inode(struct file *file) { return file->f_mapping->host; } static unsigned int dio_bio_write_op(struct kiocb *iocb) { unsigned int op = REQ_OP_WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_IDLE; /* avoid the need for a I/O completion work item */ if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DSYNC) op |= REQ_FUA; return op; } #define DIO_INLINE_BIO_VECS 4 static void blkdev_bio_end_io_simple(struct bio *bio) { struct task_struct *waiter = bio->bi_private; WRITE_ONCE(bio->bi_private, NULL); blk_wake_io_task(waiter); } static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO_simple(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter, int nr_pages) { struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp; struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(bdev_file_inode(file)); struct bio_vec inline_vecs[DIO_INLINE_BIO_VECS], *vecs, *bvec; loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos; bool should_dirty = false; struct bio bio; ssize_t ret; blk_qc_t qc; int i; if ((pos | iov_iter_alignment(iter)) & (bdev_logical_block_size(bdev) - 1)) return -EINVAL; if (nr_pages <= DIO_INLINE_BIO_VECS) vecs = inline_vecs; else { vecs = kmalloc_array(nr_pages, sizeof(struct bio_vec), GFP_KERNEL); if (!vecs) return -ENOMEM; } bio_init(&bio, vecs, nr_pages); bio_set_dev(&bio, bdev); bio.bi_iter.bi_sector = pos >> 9; bio.bi_write_hint = iocb->ki_hint; bio.bi_private = current; bio.bi_end_io = blkdev_bio_end_io_simple; bio.bi_ioprio = iocb->ki_ioprio; ret = bio_iov_iter_get_pages(&bio, iter); if (unlikely(ret)) goto out; ret = bio.bi_iter.bi_size; if (iov_iter_rw(iter) == READ) { bio.bi_opf = REQ_OP_READ; if (iter_is_iovec(iter)) should_dirty = true; } else { bio.bi_opf = dio_bio_write_op(iocb); task_io_account_write(ret); } if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HIPRI) bio.bi_opf |= REQ_HIPRI; qc = submit_bio(&bio); for (;;) { set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); if (!READ_ONCE(bio.bi_private)) break; if (!(iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HIPRI) || !blk_poll(bdev_get_queue(bdev), qc, true)) io_schedule(); } __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING); bio_for_each_segment_all(bvec, &bio, i) { if (should_dirty && !PageCompound(bvec->bv_page)) set_page_dirty_lock(bvec->bv_page); put_page(bvec->bv_page); } if (unlikely(bio.bi_status)) ret = blk_status_to_errno(bio.bi_status); out: if (vecs != inline_vecs) kfree(vecs); bio_uninit(&bio); return ret; } struct blkdev_dio { union { struct kiocb *iocb; struct task_struct *waiter; }; size_t size; atomic_t ref; bool multi_bio : 1; bool should_dirty : 1; bool is_sync : 1; struct bio bio; }; static struct bio_set blkdev_dio_pool; static void blkdev_bio_end_io(struct bio *bio) { struct blkdev_dio *dio = bio->bi_private; bool should_dirty = dio->should_dirty; if (dio->multi_bio && !atomic_dec_and_test(&dio->ref)) { if (bio->bi_status && !dio->bio.bi_status) dio->bio.bi_status = bio->bi_status; } else { if (!dio->is_sync) { struct kiocb *iocb = dio->iocb; ssize_t ret; if (likely(!dio->bio.bi_status)) { ret = dio->size; iocb->ki_pos += ret; } else { ret = blk_status_to_errno(dio->bio.bi_status); } dio->iocb->ki_complete(iocb, ret, 0); if (dio->multi_bio) bio_put(&dio->bio); } else { struct task_struct *waiter = dio->waiter; WRITE_ONCE(dio->waiter, NULL); blk_wake_io_task(waiter); } } if (should_dirty) { bio_check_pages_dirty(bio); } else { struct bio_vec *bvec; int i; bio_for_each_segment_all(bvec, bio, i) put_page(bvec->bv_page); bio_put(bio); } } static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter, int nr_pages) { struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp; struct inode *inode = bdev_file_inode(file); struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(inode); struct blk_plug plug; struct blkdev_dio *dio; struct bio *bio; bool is_poll = (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HIPRI) != 0; bool is_read = (iov_iter_rw(iter) == READ), is_sync; loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos; blk_qc_t qc = BLK_QC_T_NONE; int ret = 0; if ((pos | iov_iter_alignment(iter)) & (bdev_logical_block_size(bdev) - 1)) return -EINVAL; bio = bio_alloc_bioset(GFP_KERNEL, nr_pages, &blkdev_dio_pool); dio = container_of(bio, struct blkdev_dio, bio); dio->is_sync = is_sync = is_sync_kiocb(iocb); if (dio->is_sync) { dio->waiter = current; bio_get(bio); } else { dio->iocb = iocb; } dio->size = 0; dio->multi_bio = false; dio->should_dirty = is_read && iter_is_iovec(iter); /* * Don't plug for HIPRI/polled IO, as those should go straight * to issue */ if (!is_poll) blk_start_plug(&plug); for (;;) { bio_set_dev(bio, bdev); bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = pos >> 9; bio->bi_write_hint = iocb->ki_hint; bio->bi_private = dio; bio->bi_end_io = blkdev_bio_end_io; bio->bi_ioprio = iocb->ki_ioprio; ret = bio_iov_iter_get_pages(bio, iter); if (unlikely(ret)) { bio->bi_status = BLK_STS_IOERR; bio_endio(bio); break; } if (is_read) { bio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_READ; if (dio->should_dirty) bio_set_pages_dirty(bio); } else { bio->bi_opf = dio_bio_write_op(iocb); task_io_account_write(bio->bi_iter.bi_size); } dio->size += bio->bi_iter.bi_size; pos += bio->bi_iter.bi_size; nr_pages = iov_iter_npages(iter, BIO_MAX_PAGES); if (!nr_pages) { if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HIPRI) bio->bi_opf |= REQ_HIPRI; qc = submit_bio(bio); break; } if (!dio->multi_bio) { /* * AIO needs an extra reference to ensure the dio * structure which is embedded into the first bio * stays around. */ if (!is_sync) bio_get(bio); dio->multi_bio = true; atomic_set(&dio->ref, 2); } else { atomic_inc(&dio->ref); } submit_bio(bio); bio = bio_alloc(GFP_KERNEL, nr_pages); } if (!is_poll) blk_finish_plug(&plug); if (!is_sync) return -EIOCBQUEUED; for (;;) { set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); if (!READ_ONCE(dio->waiter)) break; if (!(iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HIPRI) || !blk_poll(bdev_get_queue(bdev), qc, true)) io_schedule(); } __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING); if (!ret) ret = blk_status_to_errno(dio->bio.bi_status); if (likely(!ret)) ret = dio->size; bio_put(&dio->bio); return ret; } static ssize_t blkdev_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter) { int nr_pages; nr_pages = iov_iter_npages(iter, BIO_MAX_PAGES + 1); if (!nr_pages) return 0; if (is_sync_kiocb(iocb) && nr_pages <= BIO_MAX_PAGES) return __blkdev_direct_IO_simple(iocb, iter, nr_pages); return __blkdev_direct_IO(iocb, iter, min(nr_pages, BIO_MAX_PAGES)); } static __init int blkdev_init(void) { return bioset_init(&blkdev_dio_pool, 4, offsetof(struct blkdev_dio, bio), BIOSET_NEED_BVECS); } module_init(blkdev_init); int __sync_blockdev(struct block_device *bdev, int wait) { if (!bdev) return 0; if (!wait) return filemap_flush(bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping); return filemap_write_and_wait(bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping); } /* * Write out and wait upon all the dirty data associated with a block * device via its mapping. Does not take the superblock lock. */ int sync_blockdev(struct block_device *bdev) { return __sync_blockdev(bdev, 1); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(sync_blockdev); /* * Write out and wait upon all dirty data associated with this * device. Filesystem data as well as the underlying block * device. Takes the superblock lock. */ int fsync_bdev(struct block_device *bdev) { struct super_block *sb = get_super(bdev); if (sb) { int res = sync_filesystem(sb); drop_super(sb); return res; } return sync_blockdev(bdev); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(fsync_bdev); /** * freeze_bdev -- lock a filesystem and force it into a consistent state * @bdev: blockdevice to lock * * If a superblock is found on this device, we take the s_umount semaphore * on it to make sure nobody unmounts until the snapshot creation is done. * The reference counter (bd_fsfreeze_count) guarantees that only the last * unfreeze process can unfreeze the frozen filesystem actually when multiple * freeze requests arrive simultaneously. It counts up in freeze_bdev() and * count down in thaw_bdev(). When it becomes 0, thaw_bdev() will unfreeze * actually. */ struct super_block *freeze_bdev(struct block_device *bdev) { struct super_block *sb; int error = 0; mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex); if (++bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count > 1) { /* * We don't even need to grab a reference - the first call * to freeze_bdev grab an active reference and only the last * thaw_bdev drops it. */ sb = get_super(bdev); if (sb) drop_super(sb); mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex); return sb; } sb = get_active_super(bdev); if (!sb) goto out; if (sb->s_op->freeze_super) error = sb->s_op->freeze_super(sb); else error = freeze_super(sb); if (error) { deactivate_super(sb); bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count--; mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex); return ERR_PTR(error); } deactivate_super(sb); out: sync_blockdev(bdev); mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex); return sb; /* thaw_bdev releases s->s_umount */ } EXPORT_SYMBOL(freeze_bdev); /** * thaw_bdev -- unlock filesystem * @bdev: blockdevice to unlock * @sb: associated superblock * * Unlocks the filesystem and marks it writeable again after freeze_bdev(). */ int thaw_bdev(struct block_device *bdev, struct super_block *sb) { int error = -EINVAL; mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex); if (!bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count) goto out; error = 0; if (--bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count > 0) goto out; if (!sb) goto out; if (sb->s_op->thaw_super) error = sb->s_op->thaw_super(sb); else error = thaw_super(sb); if (error) bdev->bd_fsfreeze_count++; out: mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex); return error; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(thaw_bdev); static int blkdev_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc) { return block_write_full_page(page, blkdev_get_block, wbc); } static int blkdev_readpage(struct file * file, struct page * page) { return block_read_full_page(page, blkdev_get_block); } static int blkdev_readpages(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping, struct list_head *pages, unsigned nr_pages) { return mpage_readpages(mapping, pages, nr_pages, blkdev_get_block); } static int blkdev_write_begin(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping, loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned flags, struct page **pagep, void **fsdata) { return block_write_begin(mapping, pos, len, flags, pagep, blkdev_get_block); } static int blkdev_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping, loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied, struct page *page, void *fsdata) { int ret; ret = block_write_end(file, mapping, pos, len, copied, page, fsdata); unlock_page(page); put_page(page); return ret; } /* * private llseek: * for a block special file file_inode(file)->i_size is zero * so we compute the size by hand (just as in block_read/write above) */ static loff_t block_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence) { struct inode *bd_inode = bdev_file_inode(file); loff_t retval; inode_lock(bd_inode); retval = fixed_size_llseek(file, offset, whence, i_size_read(bd_inode)); inode_unlock(bd_inode); return retval; } int blkdev_fsync(struct file *filp, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync) { struct inode *bd_inode = bdev_file_inode(filp); struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(bd_inode); int error; error = file_write_and_wait_range(filp, start, end); if (error) return error; /* * There is no need to serialise calls to blkdev_issue_flush with * i_mutex and doing so causes performance issues with concurrent * O_SYNC writers to a block device. */ error = blkdev_issue_flush(bdev, GFP_KERNEL, NULL); if (error == -EOPNOTSUPP) error = 0; return error; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_fsync); /** * bdev_read_page() - Start reading a page from a block device * @bdev: The device to read the page from * @sector: The offset on the device to read the page to (need not be aligned) * @page: The page to read * * On entry, the page should be locked. It will be unlocked when the page * has been read. If the block driver implements rw_page synchronously, * that will be true on exit from this function, but it need not be. * * Errors returned by this function are usually "soft", eg out of memory, or * queue full; callers should try a different route to read this page rather * than propagate an error back up the stack. * * Return: negative errno if an error occurs, 0 if submission was successful. */ int bdev_read_page(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t sector, struct page *page) { const struct block_device_operations *ops = bdev->bd_disk->fops; int result = -EOPNOTSUPP; if (!ops->rw_page || bdev_get_integrity(bdev)) return result; result = blk_queue_enter(bdev->bd_queue, 0); if (result) return result; result = ops->rw_page(bdev, sector + get_start_sect(bdev), page, REQ_OP_READ); blk_queue_exit(bdev->bd_queue); return result; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bdev_read_page); /** * bdev_write_page() - Start writing a page to a block device * @bdev: The device to write the page to * @sector: The offset on the device to write the page to (need not be aligned) * @page: The page to write * @wbc: The writeback_control for the write * * On entry, the page should be locked and not currently under writeback. * On exit, if the write started successfully, the page will be unlocked and * under writeback. If the write failed already (eg the driver failed to * queue the page to the device), the page will still be locked. If the * caller is a ->writepage implementation, it will need to unlock the page. * * Errors returned by this function are usually "soft", eg out of memory, or * queue full; callers should try a different route to write this page rather * than propagate an error back up the stack. * * Return: negative errno if an error occurs, 0 if submission was successful. */ int bdev_write_page(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t sector, struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc) { int result; const struct block_device_operations *ops = bdev->bd_disk->fops; if (!ops->rw_page || bdev_get_integrity(bdev)) return -EOPNOTSUPP; result = blk_queue_enter(bdev->bd_queue, 0); if (result) return result; set_page_writeback(page); result = ops->rw_page(bdev, sector + get_start_sect(bdev), page, REQ_OP_WRITE); if (result) { end_page_writeback(page); } else { clean_page_buffers(page); unlock_page(page); } blk_queue_exit(bdev->bd_queue); return result; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bdev_write_page); /* * pseudo-fs */ static __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(bdev_lock); static struct kmem_cache * bdev_cachep __read_mostly; static struct inode *bdev_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb) { struct bdev_inode *ei = kmem_cache_alloc(bdev_cachep, GFP_KERNEL); if (!ei) return NULL; return &ei->vfs_inode; } static void bdev_i_callback(struct rcu_head *head) { struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu); struct bdev_inode *bdi = BDEV_I(inode); kmem_cache_free(bdev_cachep, bdi); } static void bdev_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode) { call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, bdev_i_callback); } static void init_once(void *foo) { struct bdev_inode *ei = (struct bdev_inode *) foo; struct block_device *bdev = &ei->bdev; memset(bdev, 0, sizeof(*bdev)); mutex_init(&bdev->bd_mutex); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->bd_list); #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bdev->bd_holder_disks); #endif bdev->bd_bdi = &noop_backing_dev_info; inode_init_once(&ei->vfs_inode); /* Initialize mutex for freeze. */ mutex_init(&bdev->bd_fsfreeze_mutex); } static void bdev_evict_inode(struct inode *inode) { struct block_device *bdev = &BDEV_I(inode)->bdev; truncate_inode_pages_final(&inode->i_data); invalidate_inode_buffers(inode); /* is it needed here? */ clear_inode(inode); spin_lock(&bdev_lock); list_del_init(&bdev->bd_list); spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); /* Detach inode from wb early as bdi_put() may free bdi->wb */ inode_detach_wb(inode); if (bdev->bd_bdi != &noop_backing_dev_info) { bdi_put(bdev->bd_bdi); bdev->bd_bdi = &noop_backing_dev_info; } } static const struct super_operations bdev_sops = { .statfs = simple_statfs, .alloc_inode = bdev_alloc_inode, .destroy_inode = bdev_destroy_inode, .drop_inode = generic_delete_inode, .evict_inode = bdev_evict_inode, }; static struct dentry *bd_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data) { struct dentry *dent; dent = mount_pseudo(fs_type, "bdev:", &bdev_sops, NULL, BDEVFS_MAGIC); if (!IS_ERR(dent)) dent->d_sb->s_iflags |= SB_I_CGROUPWB; return dent; } static struct file_system_type bd_type = { .name = "bdev", .mount = bd_mount, .kill_sb = kill_anon_super, }; struct super_block *blockdev_superblock __read_mostly; EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blockdev_superblock); void __init bdev_cache_init(void) { int err; static struct vfsmount *bd_mnt; bdev_cachep = kmem_cache_create("bdev_cache", sizeof(struct bdev_inode), 0, (SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT| SLAB_MEM_SPREAD|SLAB_ACCOUNT|SLAB_PANIC), init_once); err = register_filesystem(&bd_type); if (err) panic("Cannot register bdev pseudo-fs"); bd_mnt = kern_mount(&bd_type); if (IS_ERR(bd_mnt)) panic("Cannot create bdev pseudo-fs"); blockdev_superblock = bd_mnt->mnt_sb; /* For writeback */ } /* * Most likely _very_ bad one - but then it's hardly critical for small * /dev and can be fixed when somebody will need really large one. * Keep in mind that it will be fed through icache hash function too. */ static inline unsigned long hash(dev_t dev) { return MAJOR(dev)+MINOR(dev); } static int bdev_test(struct inode *inode, void *data) { return BDEV_I(inode)->bdev.bd_dev == *(dev_t *)data; } static int bdev_set(struct inode *inode, void *data) { BDEV_I(inode)->bdev.bd_dev = *(dev_t *)data; return 0; } static LIST_HEAD(all_bdevs); /* * If there is a bdev inode for this device, unhash it so that it gets evicted * as soon as last inode reference is dropped. */ void bdev_unhash_inode(dev_t dev) { struct inode *inode; inode = ilookup5(blockdev_superblock, hash(dev), bdev_test, &dev); if (inode) { remove_inode_hash(inode); iput(inode); } } struct block_device *bdget(dev_t dev) { struct block_device *bdev; struct inode *inode; inode = iget5_locked(blockdev_superblock, hash(dev), bdev_test, bdev_set, &dev); if (!inode) return NULL; bdev = &BDEV_I(inode)->bdev; if (inode->i_state & I_NEW) { bdev->bd_contains = NULL; bdev->bd_super = NULL; bdev->bd_inode = inode; bdev->bd_block_size = i_blocksize(inode); bdev->bd_part_count = 0; bdev->bd_invalidated = 0; inode->i_mode = S_IFBLK; inode->i_rdev = dev; inode->i_bdev = bdev; inode->i_data.a_ops = &def_blk_aops; mapping_set_gfp_mask(&inode->i_data, GFP_USER); spin_lock(&bdev_lock); list_add(&bdev->bd_list, &all_bdevs); spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); unlock_new_inode(inode); } return bdev; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdget); /** * bdgrab -- Grab a reference to an already referenced block device * @bdev: Block device to grab a reference to. */ struct block_device *bdgrab(struct block_device *bdev) { ihold(bdev->bd_inode); return bdev; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdgrab); long nr_blockdev_pages(void) { struct block_device *bdev; long ret = 0; spin_lock(&bdev_lock); list_for_each_entry(bdev, &all_bdevs, bd_list) { ret += bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping->nrpages; } spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); return ret; } void bdput(struct block_device *bdev) { iput(bdev->bd_inode); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(bdput); static struct block_device *bd_acquire(struct inode *inode) { struct block_device *bdev; spin_lock(&bdev_lock); bdev = inode->i_bdev; if (bdev && !inode_unhashed(bdev->bd_inode)) { bdgrab(bdev); spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); return bdev; } spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); /* * i_bdev references block device inode that was already shut down * (corresponding device got removed). Remove the reference and look * up block device inode again just in case new device got * reestablished under the same device number. */ if (bdev) bd_forget(inode); bdev = bdget(inode->i_rdev); if (bdev) { spin_lock(&bdev_lock); if (!inode->i_bdev) { /* * We take an additional reference to bd_inode, * and it's released in clear_inode() of inode. * So, we can access it via ->i_mapping always * without igrab(). */ bdgrab(bdev); inode->i_bdev = bdev; inode->i_mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping; } spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); } return bdev; } /* Call when you free inode */ void bd_forget(struct inode *inode) { struct block_device *bdev = NULL; spin_lock(&bdev_lock); if (!sb_is_blkdev_sb(inode->i_sb)) bdev = inode->i_bdev; inode->i_bdev = NULL; inode->i_mapping = &inode->i_data; spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); if (bdev) bdput(bdev); } /** * bd_may_claim - test whether a block device can be claimed * @bdev: block device of interest * @whole: whole block device containing @bdev, may equal @bdev * @holder: holder trying to claim @bdev * * Test whether @bdev can be claimed by @holder. * * CONTEXT: * spin_lock(&bdev_lock). * * RETURNS: * %true if @bdev can be claimed, %false otherwise. */ static bool bd_may_claim(struct block_device *bdev, struct block_device *whole, void *holder) { if (bdev->bd_holder == holder) return true; /* already a holder */ else if (bdev->bd_holder != NULL) return false; /* held by someone else */ else if (whole == bdev) return true; /* is a whole device which isn't held */ else if (whole->bd_holder == bd_may_claim) return true; /* is a partition of a device that is being partitioned */ else if (whole->bd_holder != NULL) return false; /* is a partition of a held device */ else return true; /* is a partition of an un-held device */ } /** * bd_prepare_to_claim - prepare to claim a block device * @bdev: block device of interest * @whole: the whole device containing @bdev, may equal @bdev * @holder: holder trying to claim @bdev * * Prepare to claim @bdev. This function fails if @bdev is already * claimed by another holder and waits if another claiming is in * progress. This function doesn't actually claim. On successful * return, the caller has ownership of bd_claiming and bd_holder[s]. * * CONTEXT: * spin_lock(&bdev_lock). Might release bdev_lock, sleep and regrab * it multiple times. * * RETURNS: * 0 if @bdev can be claimed, -EBUSY otherwise. */ static int bd_prepare_to_claim(struct block_device *bdev, struct block_device *whole, void *holder) { retry: /* if someone else claimed, fail */ if (!bd_may_claim(bdev, whole, holder)) return -EBUSY; /* if claiming is already in progress, wait for it to finish */ if (whole->bd_claiming) { wait_queue_head_t *wq = bit_waitqueue(&whole->bd_claiming, 0); DEFINE_WAIT(wait); prepare_to_wait(wq, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); schedule(); finish_wait(wq, &wait); spin_lock(&bdev_lock); goto retry; } /* yay, all mine */ return 0; } static struct gendisk *bdev_get_gendisk(struct block_device *bdev, int *partno) { struct gendisk *disk = get_gendisk(bdev->bd_dev, partno); if (!disk) return NULL; /* * Now that we hold gendisk reference we make sure bdev we looked up is * not stale. If it is, it means device got removed and created before * we looked up gendisk and we fail open in such case. Associating * unhashed bdev with newly created gendisk could lead to two bdevs * (and thus two independent caches) being associated with one device * which is bad. */ if (inode_unhashed(bdev->bd_inode)) { put_disk_and_module(disk); return NULL; } return disk; } /** * bd_start_claiming - start claiming a block device * @bdev: block device of interest * @holder: holder trying to claim @bdev * * @bdev is about to be opened exclusively. Check @bdev can be opened * exclusively and mark that an exclusive open is in progress. Each * successful call to this function must be matched with a call to * either bd_finish_claiming() or bd_abort_claiming() (which do not * fail). * * This function is used to gain exclusive access to the block device * without actually causing other exclusive open attempts to fail. It * should be used when the open sequence itself requires exclusive * access but may subsequently fail. * * CONTEXT: * Might sleep. * * RETURNS: * Pointer to the block device containing @bdev on success, ERR_PTR() * value on failure. */ static struct block_device *bd_start_claiming(struct block_device *bdev, void *holder) { struct gendisk *disk; struct block_device *whole; int partno, err; might_sleep(); /* * @bdev might not have been initialized properly yet, look up * and grab the outer block device the hard way. */ disk = bdev_get_gendisk(bdev, &partno); if (!disk) return ERR_PTR(-ENXIO); /* * Normally, @bdev should equal what's returned from bdget_disk() * if partno is 0; however, some drivers (floppy) use multiple * bdev's for the same physical device and @bdev may be one of the * aliases. Keep @bdev if partno is 0. This means claimer * tracking is broken for those devices but it has always been that * way. */ if (partno) whole = bdget_disk(disk, 0); else whole = bdgrab(bdev); put_disk_and_module(disk); if (!whole) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); /* prepare to claim, if successful, mark claiming in progress */ spin_lock(&bdev_lock); err = bd_prepare_to_claim(bdev, whole, holder); if (err == 0) { whole->bd_claiming = holder; spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); return whole; } else { spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); bdput(whole); return ERR_PTR(err); } } #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS struct bd_holder_disk { struct list_head list; struct gendisk *disk; int refcnt; }; static struct bd_holder_disk *bd_find_holder_disk(struct block_device *bdev, struct gendisk *disk) { struct bd_holder_disk *holder; list_for_each_entry(holder, &bdev->bd_holder_disks, list) if (holder->disk == disk) return holder; return NULL; } static int add_symlink(struct kobject *from, struct kobject *to) { return sysfs_create_link(from, to, kobject_name(to)); } static void del_symlink(struct kobject *from, struct kobject *to) { sysfs_remove_link(from, kobject_name(to)); } /** * bd_link_disk_holder - create symlinks between holding disk and slave bdev * @bdev: the claimed slave bdev * @disk: the holding disk * * DON'T USE THIS UNLESS YOU'RE ALREADY USING IT. * * This functions creates the following sysfs symlinks. * * - from "slaves" directory of the holder @disk to the claimed @bdev * - from "holders" directory of the @bdev to the holder @disk * * For example, if /dev/dm-0 maps to /dev/sda and disk for dm-0 is * passed to bd_link_disk_holder(), then: * * /sys/block/dm-0/slaves/sda --> /sys/block/sda * /sys/block/sda/holders/dm-0 --> /sys/block/dm-0 * * The caller must have claimed @bdev before calling this function and * ensure that both @bdev and @disk are valid during the creation and * lifetime of these symlinks. * * CONTEXT: * Might sleep. * * RETURNS: * 0 on success, -errno on failure. */ int bd_link_disk_holder(struct block_device *bdev, struct gendisk *disk) { struct bd_holder_disk *holder; int ret = 0; mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex); WARN_ON_ONCE(!bdev->bd_holder); /* FIXME: remove the following once add_disk() handles errors */ if (WARN_ON(!disk->slave_dir || !bdev->bd_part->holder_dir)) goto out_unlock; holder = bd_find_holder_disk(bdev, disk); if (holder) { holder->refcnt++; goto out_unlock; } holder = kzalloc(sizeof(*holder), GFP_KERNEL); if (!holder) { ret = -ENOMEM; goto out_unlock; } INIT_LIST_HEAD(&holder->list); holder->disk = disk; holder->refcnt = 1; ret = add_symlink(disk->slave_dir, &part_to_dev(bdev->bd_part)->kobj); if (ret) goto out_free; ret = add_symlink(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir, &disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj); if (ret) goto out_del; /* * bdev could be deleted beneath us which would implicitly destroy * the holder directory. Hold on to it. */ kobject_get(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir); list_add(&holder->list, &bdev->bd_holder_disks); goto out_unlock; out_del: del_symlink(disk->slave_dir, &part_to_dev(bdev->bd_part)->kobj); out_free: kfree(holder); out_unlock: mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); return ret; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bd_link_disk_holder); /** * bd_unlink_disk_holder - destroy symlinks created by bd_link_disk_holder() * @bdev: the calimed slave bdev * @disk: the holding disk * * DON'T USE THIS UNLESS YOU'RE ALREADY USING IT. * * CONTEXT: * Might sleep. */ void bd_unlink_disk_holder(struct block_device *bdev, struct gendisk *disk) { struct bd_holder_disk *holder; mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex); holder = bd_find_holder_disk(bdev, disk); if (!WARN_ON_ONCE(holder == NULL) && !--holder->refcnt) { del_symlink(disk->slave_dir, &part_to_dev(bdev->bd_part)->kobj); del_symlink(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir, &disk_to_dev(disk)->kobj); kobject_put(bdev->bd_part->holder_dir); list_del_init(&holder->list); kfree(holder); } mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bd_unlink_disk_holder); #endif /** * flush_disk - invalidates all buffer-cache entries on a disk * * @bdev: struct block device to be flushed * @kill_dirty: flag to guide handling of dirty inodes * * Invalidates all buffer-cache entries on a disk. It should be called * when a disk has been changed -- either by a media change or online * resize. */ static void flush_disk(struct block_device *bdev, bool kill_dirty) { if (__invalidate_device(bdev, kill_dirty)) { printk(KERN_WARNING "VFS: busy inodes on changed media or " "resized disk %s\n", bdev->bd_disk ? bdev->bd_disk->disk_name : ""); } if (!bdev->bd_disk) return; if (disk_part_scan_enabled(bdev->bd_disk)) bdev->bd_invalidated = 1; } /** * check_disk_size_change - checks for disk size change and adjusts bdev size. * @disk: struct gendisk to check * @bdev: struct bdev to adjust. * @verbose: if %true log a message about a size change if there is any * * This routine checks to see if the bdev size does not match the disk size * and adjusts it if it differs. When shrinking the bdev size, its all caches * are freed. */ void check_disk_size_change(struct gendisk *disk, struct block_device *bdev, bool verbose) { loff_t disk_size, bdev_size; disk_size = (loff_t)get_capacity(disk) << 9; bdev_size = i_size_read(bdev->bd_inode); if (disk_size != bdev_size) { if (verbose) { printk(KERN_INFO "%s: detected capacity change from %lld to %lld\n", disk->disk_name, bdev_size, disk_size); } i_size_write(bdev->bd_inode, disk_size); if (bdev_size > disk_size) flush_disk(bdev, false); } } /** * revalidate_disk - wrapper for lower-level driver's revalidate_disk call-back * @disk: struct gendisk to be revalidated * * This routine is a wrapper for lower-level driver's revalidate_disk * call-backs. It is used to do common pre and post operations needed * for all revalidate_disk operations. */ int revalidate_disk(struct gendisk *disk) { struct block_device *bdev; int ret = 0; if (disk->fops->revalidate_disk) ret = disk->fops->revalidate_disk(disk); bdev = bdget_disk(disk, 0); if (!bdev) return ret; mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex); check_disk_size_change(disk, bdev, ret == 0); bdev->bd_invalidated = 0; mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); bdput(bdev); return ret; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(revalidate_disk); /* * This routine checks whether a removable media has been changed, * and invalidates all buffer-cache-entries in that case. This * is a relatively slow routine, so we have to try to minimize using * it. Thus it is called only upon a 'mount' or 'open'. This * is the best way of combining speed and utility, I think. * People changing diskettes in the middle of an operation deserve * to lose :-) */ int check_disk_change(struct block_device *bdev) { struct gendisk *disk = bdev->bd_disk; const struct block_device_operations *bdops = disk->fops; unsigned int events; events = disk_clear_events(disk, DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE | DISK_EVENT_EJECT_REQUEST); if (!(events & DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE)) return 0; flush_disk(bdev, true); if (bdops->revalidate_disk) bdops->revalidate_disk(bdev->bd_disk); return 1; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(check_disk_change); void bd_set_size(struct block_device *bdev, loff_t size) { unsigned bsize = bdev_logical_block_size(bdev); inode_lock(bdev->bd_inode); i_size_write(bdev->bd_inode, size); inode_unlock(bdev->bd_inode); while (bsize < PAGE_SIZE) { if (size & bsize) break; bsize <<= 1; } bdev->bd_block_size = bsize; bdev->bd_inode->i_blkbits = blksize_bits(bsize); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(bd_set_size); static void __blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part); /* * bd_mutex locking: * * mutex_lock(part->bd_mutex) * mutex_lock_nested(whole->bd_mutex, 1) */ static int __blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part) { struct gendisk *disk; int ret; int partno; int perm = 0; bool first_open = false; if (mode & FMODE_READ) perm |= MAY_READ; if (mode & FMODE_WRITE) perm |= MAY_WRITE; /* * hooks: /n/, see "layering violations". */ if (!for_part) { ret = devcgroup_inode_permission(bdev->bd_inode, perm); if (ret != 0) { bdput(bdev); return ret; } } restart: ret = -ENXIO; disk = bdev_get_gendisk(bdev, &partno); if (!disk) goto out; disk_block_events(disk); mutex_lock_nested(&bdev->bd_mutex, for_part); if (!bdev->bd_openers) { first_open = true; bdev->bd_disk = disk; bdev->bd_queue = disk->queue; bdev->bd_contains = bdev; bdev->bd_partno = partno; if (!partno) { ret = -ENXIO; bdev->bd_part = disk_get_part(disk, partno); if (!bdev->bd_part) goto out_clear; ret = 0; if (disk->fops->open) { ret = disk->fops->open(bdev, mode); if (ret == -ERESTARTSYS) { /* Lost a race with 'disk' being * deleted, try again. * See md.c */ disk_put_part(bdev->bd_part); bdev->bd_part = NULL; bdev->bd_disk = NULL; bdev->bd_queue = NULL; mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); disk_unblock_events(disk); put_disk_and_module(disk); goto restart; } } if (!ret) bd_set_size(bdev,(loff_t)get_capacity(disk)<<9); /* * If the device is invalidated, rescan partition * if open succeeded or failed with -ENOMEDIUM. * The latter is necessary to prevent ghost * partitions on a removed medium. */ if (bdev->bd_invalidated) { if (!ret) rescan_partitions(disk, bdev); else if (ret == -ENOMEDIUM) invalidate_partitions(disk, bdev); } if (ret) goto out_clear; } else { struct block_device *whole; whole = bdget_disk(disk, 0); ret = -ENOMEM; if (!whole) goto out_clear; BUG_ON(for_part); ret = __blkdev_get(whole, mode, 1); if (ret) goto out_clear; bdev->bd_contains = whole; bdev->bd_part = disk_get_part(disk, partno); if (!(disk->flags & GENHD_FL_UP) || !bdev->bd_part || !bdev->bd_part->nr_sects) { ret = -ENXIO; goto out_clear; } bd_set_size(bdev, (loff_t)bdev->bd_part->nr_sects << 9); } if (bdev->bd_bdi == &noop_backing_dev_info) bdev->bd_bdi = bdi_get(disk->queue->backing_dev_info); } else { if (bdev->bd_contains == bdev) { ret = 0; if (bdev->bd_disk->fops->open) ret = bdev->bd_disk->fops->open(bdev, mode); /* the same as first opener case, read comment there */ if (bdev->bd_invalidated) { if (!ret) rescan_partitions(bdev->bd_disk, bdev); else if (ret == -ENOMEDIUM) invalidate_partitions(bdev->bd_disk, bdev); } if (ret) goto out_unlock_bdev; } } bdev->bd_openers++; if (for_part) bdev->bd_part_count++; mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); disk_unblock_events(disk); /* only one opener holds refs to the module and disk */ if (!first_open) put_disk_and_module(disk); return 0; out_clear: disk_put_part(bdev->bd_part); bdev->bd_disk = NULL; bdev->bd_part = NULL; bdev->bd_queue = NULL; if (bdev != bdev->bd_contains) __blkdev_put(bdev->bd_contains, mode, 1); bdev->bd_contains = NULL; out_unlock_bdev: mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); disk_unblock_events(disk); put_disk_and_module(disk); out: bdput(bdev); return ret; } /** * blkdev_get - open a block device * @bdev: block_device to open * @mode: FMODE_* mask * @holder: exclusive holder identifier * * Open @bdev with @mode. If @mode includes %FMODE_EXCL, @bdev is * open with exclusive access. Specifying %FMODE_EXCL with %NULL * @holder is invalid. Exclusive opens may nest for the same @holder. * * On success, the reference count of @bdev is unchanged. On failure, * @bdev is put. * * CONTEXT: * Might sleep. * * RETURNS: * 0 on success, -errno on failure. */ int blkdev_get(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, void *holder) { struct block_device *whole = NULL; int res; WARN_ON_ONCE((mode & FMODE_EXCL) && !holder); if ((mode & FMODE_EXCL) && holder) { whole = bd_start_claiming(bdev, holder); if (IS_ERR(whole)) { bdput(bdev); return PTR_ERR(whole); } } res = __blkdev_get(bdev, mode, 0); if (whole) { struct gendisk *disk = whole->bd_disk; /* finish claiming */ mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex); spin_lock(&bdev_lock); if (!res) { BUG_ON(!bd_may_claim(bdev, whole, holder)); /* * Note that for a whole device bd_holders * will be incremented twice, and bd_holder * will be set to bd_may_claim before being * set to holder */ whole->bd_holders++; whole->bd_holder = bd_may_claim; bdev->bd_holders++; bdev->bd_holder = holder; } /* tell others that we're done */ BUG_ON(whole->bd_claiming != holder); whole->bd_claiming = NULL; wake_up_bit(&whole->bd_claiming, 0); spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); /* * Block event polling for write claims if requested. Any * write holder makes the write_holder state stick until * all are released. This is good enough and tracking * individual writeable reference is too fragile given the * way @mode is used in blkdev_get/put(). */ if (!res && (mode & FMODE_WRITE) && !bdev->bd_write_holder && (disk->flags & GENHD_FL_BLOCK_EVENTS_ON_EXCL_WRITE)) { bdev->bd_write_holder = true; disk_block_events(disk); } mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); bdput(whole); } return res; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_get); /** * blkdev_get_by_path - open a block device by name * @path: path to the block device to open * @mode: FMODE_* mask * @holder: exclusive holder identifier * * Open the blockdevice described by the device file at @path. @mode * and @holder are identical to blkdev_get(). * * On success, the returned block_device has reference count of one. * * CONTEXT: * Might sleep. * * RETURNS: * Pointer to block_device on success, ERR_PTR(-errno) on failure. */ struct block_device *blkdev_get_by_path(const char *path, fmode_t mode, void *holder) { struct block_device *bdev; int err; bdev = lookup_bdev(path); if (IS_ERR(bdev)) return bdev; err = blkdev_get(bdev, mode, holder); if (err) return ERR_PTR(err); if ((mode & FMODE_WRITE) && bdev_read_only(bdev)) { blkdev_put(bdev, mode); return ERR_PTR(-EACCES); } return bdev; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_get_by_path); /** * blkdev_get_by_dev - open a block device by device number * @dev: device number of block device to open * @mode: FMODE_* mask * @holder: exclusive holder identifier * * Open the blockdevice described by device number @dev. @mode and * @holder are identical to blkdev_get(). * * Use it ONLY if you really do not have anything better - i.e. when * you are behind a truly sucky interface and all you are given is a * device number. _Never_ to be used for internal purposes. If you * ever need it - reconsider your API. * * On success, the returned block_device has reference count of one. * * CONTEXT: * Might sleep. * * RETURNS: * Pointer to block_device on success, ERR_PTR(-errno) on failure. */ struct block_device *blkdev_get_by_dev(dev_t dev, fmode_t mode, void *holder) { struct block_device *bdev; int err; bdev = bdget(dev); if (!bdev) return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); err = blkdev_get(bdev, mode, holder); if (err) return ERR_PTR(err); return bdev; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_get_by_dev); static int blkdev_open(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp) { struct block_device *bdev; /* * Preserve backwards compatibility and allow large file access * even if userspace doesn't ask for it explicitly. Some mkfs * binary needs it. We might want to drop this workaround * during an unstable branch. */ filp->f_flags |= O_LARGEFILE; filp->f_mode |= FMODE_NOWAIT; if (filp->f_flags & O_NDELAY) filp->f_mode |= FMODE_NDELAY; if (filp->f_flags & O_EXCL) filp->f_mode |= FMODE_EXCL; if ((filp->f_flags & O_ACCMODE) == 3) filp->f_mode |= FMODE_WRITE_IOCTL; bdev = bd_acquire(inode); if (bdev == NULL) return -ENOMEM; filp->f_mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping; filp->f_wb_err = filemap_sample_wb_err(filp->f_mapping); return blkdev_get(bdev, filp->f_mode, filp); } static void __blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode, int for_part) { struct gendisk *disk = bdev->bd_disk; struct block_device *victim = NULL; mutex_lock_nested(&bdev->bd_mutex, for_part); if (for_part) bdev->bd_part_count--; if (!--bdev->bd_openers) { WARN_ON_ONCE(bdev->bd_holders); sync_blockdev(bdev); kill_bdev(bdev); bdev_write_inode(bdev); } if (bdev->bd_contains == bdev) { if (disk->fops->release) disk->fops->release(disk, mode); } if (!bdev->bd_openers) { disk_put_part(bdev->bd_part); bdev->bd_part = NULL; bdev->bd_disk = NULL; if (bdev != bdev->bd_contains) victim = bdev->bd_contains; bdev->bd_contains = NULL; put_disk_and_module(disk); } mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); bdput(bdev); if (victim) __blkdev_put(victim, mode, 1); } void blkdev_put(struct block_device *bdev, fmode_t mode) { mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex); if (mode & FMODE_EXCL) { bool bdev_free; /* * Release a claim on the device. The holder fields * are protected with bdev_lock. bd_mutex is to * synchronize disk_holder unlinking. */ spin_lock(&bdev_lock); WARN_ON_ONCE(--bdev->bd_holders < 0); WARN_ON_ONCE(--bdev->bd_contains->bd_holders < 0); /* bd_contains might point to self, check in a separate step */ if ((bdev_free = !bdev->bd_holders)) bdev->bd_holder = NULL; if (!bdev->bd_contains->bd_holders) bdev->bd_contains->bd_holder = NULL; spin_unlock(&bdev_lock); /* * If this was the last claim, remove holder link and * unblock evpoll if it was a write holder. */ if (bdev_free && bdev->bd_write_holder) { disk_unblock_events(bdev->bd_disk); bdev->bd_write_holder = false; } } /* * Trigger event checking and tell drivers to flush MEDIA_CHANGE * event. This is to ensure detection of media removal commanded * from userland - e.g. eject(1). */ disk_flush_events(bdev->bd_disk, DISK_EVENT_MEDIA_CHANGE); mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); __blkdev_put(bdev, mode, 0); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(blkdev_put); static int blkdev_close(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp) { struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(bdev_file_inode(filp)); blkdev_put(bdev, filp->f_mode); return 0; } static long block_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned cmd, unsigned long arg) { struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(bdev_file_inode(file)); fmode_t mode = file->f_mode; /* * O_NDELAY can be altered using fcntl(.., F_SETFL, ..), so we have * to updated it before every ioctl. */ if (file->f_flags & O_NDELAY) mode |= FMODE_NDELAY; else mode &= ~FMODE_NDELAY; return blkdev_ioctl(bdev, mode, cmd, arg); } /* * Write data to the block device. Only intended for the block device itself * and the raw driver which basically is a fake block device. * * Does not take i_mutex for the write and thus is not for general purpose * use. */ ssize_t blkdev_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from) { struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp; struct inode *bd_inode = bdev_file_inode(file); loff_t size = i_size_read(bd_inode); struct blk_plug plug; ssize_t ret; if (bdev_read_only(I_BDEV(bd_inode))) return -EPERM; if (!iov_iter_count(from)) return 0; if (iocb->ki_pos >= size) return -ENOSPC; if ((iocb->ki_flags & (IOCB_NOWAIT | IOCB_DIRECT)) == IOCB_NOWAIT) return -EOPNOTSUPP; iov_iter_truncate(from, size - iocb->ki_pos); blk_start_plug(&plug); ret = __generic_file_write_iter(iocb, from); if (ret > 0) ret = generic_write_sync(iocb, ret); blk_finish_plug(&plug); return ret; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blkdev_write_iter); ssize_t blkdev_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to) { struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp; struct inode *bd_inode = bdev_file_inode(file); loff_t size = i_size_read(bd_inode); loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos; if (pos >= size) return 0; size -= pos; iov_iter_truncate(to, size); return generic_file_read_iter(iocb, to); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blkdev_read_iter); /* * Try to release a page associated with block device when the system * is under memory pressure. */ static int blkdev_releasepage(struct page *page, gfp_t wait) { struct super_block *super = BDEV_I(page->mapping->host)->bdev.bd_super; if (super && super->s_op->bdev_try_to_free_page) return super->s_op->bdev_try_to_free_page(super, page, wait); return try_to_free_buffers(page); } static int blkdev_writepages(struct address_space *mapping, struct writeback_control *wbc) { return generic_writepages(mapping, wbc); } static const struct address_space_operations def_blk_aops = { .readpage = blkdev_readpage, .readpages = blkdev_readpages, .writepage = blkdev_writepage, .write_begin = blkdev_write_begin, .write_end = blkdev_write_end, .writepages = blkdev_writepages, .releasepage = blkdev_releasepage, .direct_IO = blkdev_direct_IO, .migratepage = buffer_migrate_page_norefs, .is_dirty_writeback = buffer_check_dirty_writeback, }; #define BLKDEV_FALLOC_FL_SUPPORTED \ (FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE | FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | \ FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_NO_HIDE_STALE) static long blkdev_fallocate(struct file *file, int mode, loff_t start, loff_t len) { struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(bdev_file_inode(file)); struct address_space *mapping; loff_t end = start + len - 1; loff_t isize; int error; /* Fail if we don't recognize the flags. */ if (mode & ~BLKDEV_FALLOC_FL_SUPPORTED) return -EOPNOTSUPP; /* Don't go off the end of the device. */ isize = i_size_read(bdev->bd_inode); if (start >= isize) return -EINVAL; if (end >= isize) { if (mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE) { len = isize - start; end = start + len - 1; } else return -EINVAL; } /* * Don't allow IO that isn't aligned to logical block size. */ if ((start | len) & (bdev_logical_block_size(bdev) - 1)) return -EINVAL; /* Invalidate the page cache, including dirty pages. */ mapping = bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping; truncate_inode_pages_range(mapping, start, end); switch (mode) { case FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE: case FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE: error = blkdev_issue_zeroout(bdev, start >> 9, len >> 9, GFP_KERNEL, BLKDEV_ZERO_NOUNMAP); break; case FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE: error = blkdev_issue_zeroout(bdev, start >> 9, len >> 9, GFP_KERNEL, BLKDEV_ZERO_NOFALLBACK); break; case FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE | FALLOC_FL_NO_HIDE_STALE: error = blkdev_issue_discard(bdev, start >> 9, len >> 9, GFP_KERNEL, 0); break; default: return -EOPNOTSUPP; } if (error) return error; /* * Invalidate again; if someone wandered in and dirtied a page, * the caller will be given -EBUSY. The third argument is * inclusive, so the rounding here is safe. */ return invalidate_inode_pages2_range(mapping, start >> PAGE_SHIFT, end >> PAGE_SHIFT); } const struct file_operations def_blk_fops = { .open = blkdev_open, .release = blkdev_close, .llseek = block_llseek, .read_iter = blkdev_read_iter, .write_iter = blkdev_write_iter, .mmap = generic_file_mmap, .fsync = blkdev_fsync, .unlocked_ioctl = block_ioctl, #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT .compat_ioctl = compat_blkdev_ioctl, #endif .splice_read = generic_file_splice_read, .splice_write = iter_file_splice_write, .fallocate = blkdev_fallocate, }; int ioctl_by_bdev(struct block_device *bdev, unsigned cmd, unsigned long arg) { int res; mm_segment_t old_fs = get_fs(); set_fs(KERNEL_DS); res = blkdev_ioctl(bdev, 0, cmd, arg); set_fs(old_fs); return res; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(ioctl_by_bdev); /** * lookup_bdev - lookup a struct block_device by name * @pathname: special file representing the block device * * Get a reference to the blockdevice at @pathname in the current * namespace if possible and return it. Return ERR_PTR(error) * otherwise. */ struct block_device *lookup_bdev(const char *pathname) { struct block_device *bdev; struct inode *inode; struct path path; int error; if (!pathname || !*pathname) return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); error = kern_path(pathname, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &path); if (error) return ERR_PTR(error); inode = d_backing_inode(path.dentry); error = -ENOTBLK; if (!S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode)) goto fail; error = -EACCES; if (!may_open_dev(&path)) goto fail; error = -ENOMEM; bdev = bd_acquire(inode); if (!bdev) goto fail; out: path_put(&path); return bdev; fail: bdev = ERR_PTR(error); goto out; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(lookup_bdev); int __invalidate_device(struct block_device *bdev, bool kill_dirty) { struct super_block *sb = get_super(bdev); int res = 0; if (sb) { /* * no need to lock the super, get_super holds the * read mutex so the filesystem cannot go away * under us (->put_super runs with the write lock * hold). */ shrink_dcache_sb(sb); res = invalidate_inodes(sb, kill_dirty); drop_super(sb); } invalidate_bdev(bdev); return res; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(__invalidate_device); void iterate_bdevs(void (*func)(struct block_device *, void *), void *arg) { struct inode *inode, *old_inode = NULL; spin_lock(&blockdev_superblock->s_inode_list_lock); list_for_each_entry(inode, &blockdev_superblock->s_inodes, i_sb_list) { struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping; struct block_device *bdev; spin_lock(&inode->i_lock); if (inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE|I_NEW) || mapping->nrpages == 0) { spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); continue; } __iget(inode); spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock); spin_unlock(&blockdev_superblock->s_inode_list_lock); /* * We hold a reference to 'inode' so it couldn't have been * removed from s_inodes list while we dropped the * s_inode_list_lock We cannot iput the inode now as we can * be holding the last reference and we cannot iput it under * s_inode_list_lock. So we keep the reference and iput it * later. */ iput(old_inode); old_inode = inode; bdev = I_BDEV(inode); mutex_lock(&bdev->bd_mutex); if (bdev->bd_openers) func(bdev, arg); mutex_unlock(&bdev->bd_mutex); spin_lock(&blockdev_superblock->s_inode_list_lock); } spin_unlock(&blockdev_superblock->s_inode_list_lock); iput(old_inode); }