/* * (C) 2012-2013 by Pablo Neira Ayuso * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as * published by the Free Software Foundation. * * This software has been sponsored by Sophos Astaro */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include /* Used for matches where *info is larger than X byte */ #define NFT_MATCH_LARGE_THRESH 192 struct nft_xt_match_priv { void *info; }; static int nft_compat_chain_validate_dependency(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const char *tablename) { enum nft_chain_types type = NFT_CHAIN_T_DEFAULT; const struct nft_chain *chain = ctx->chain; const struct nft_base_chain *basechain; if (!tablename || !nft_is_base_chain(chain)) return 0; basechain = nft_base_chain(chain); if (strcmp(tablename, "nat") == 0) { if (ctx->family != NFPROTO_BRIDGE) type = NFT_CHAIN_T_NAT; if (basechain->type->type != type) return -EINVAL; } return 0; } union nft_entry { struct ipt_entry e4; struct ip6t_entry e6; struct ebt_entry ebt; struct arpt_entry arp; }; static inline void nft_compat_set_par(struct xt_action_param *par, void *xt, const void *xt_info) { par->target = xt; par->targinfo = xt_info; par->hotdrop = false; } static void nft_target_eval_xt(const struct nft_expr *expr, struct nft_regs *regs, const struct nft_pktinfo *pkt) { void *info = nft_expr_priv(expr); struct xt_target *target = expr->ops->data; struct sk_buff *skb = pkt->skb; int ret; nft_compat_set_par((struct xt_action_param *)&pkt->xt, target, info); ret = target->target(skb, &pkt->xt); if (pkt->xt.hotdrop) ret = NF_DROP; switch (ret) { case XT_CONTINUE: regs->verdict.code = NFT_CONTINUE; break; default: regs->verdict.code = ret; break; } } static void nft_target_eval_bridge(const struct nft_expr *expr, struct nft_regs *regs, const struct nft_pktinfo *pkt) { void *info = nft_expr_priv(expr); struct xt_target *target = expr->ops->data; struct sk_buff *skb = pkt->skb; int ret; nft_compat_set_par((struct xt_action_param *)&pkt->xt, target, info); ret = target->target(skb, &pkt->xt); if (pkt->xt.hotdrop) ret = NF_DROP; switch (ret) { case EBT_ACCEPT: regs->verdict.code = NF_ACCEPT; break; case EBT_DROP: regs->verdict.code = NF_DROP; break; case EBT_CONTINUE: regs->verdict.code = NFT_CONTINUE; break; case EBT_RETURN: regs->verdict.code = NFT_RETURN; break; default: regs->verdict.code = ret; break; } } static const struct nla_policy nft_target_policy[NFTA_TARGET_MAX + 1] = { [NFTA_TARGET_NAME] = { .type = NLA_NUL_STRING }, [NFTA_TARGET_REV] = { .type = NLA_U32 }, [NFTA_TARGET_INFO] = { .type = NLA_BINARY }, }; static void nft_target_set_tgchk_param(struct xt_tgchk_param *par, const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct xt_target *target, void *info, union nft_entry *entry, u16 proto, bool inv) { par->net = ctx->net; par->table = ctx->table->name; switch (ctx->family) { case AF_INET: entry->e4.ip.proto = proto; entry->e4.ip.invflags = inv ? IPT_INV_PROTO : 0; break; case AF_INET6: if (proto) entry->e6.ipv6.flags |= IP6T_F_PROTO; entry->e6.ipv6.proto = proto; entry->e6.ipv6.invflags = inv ? IP6T_INV_PROTO : 0; break; case NFPROTO_BRIDGE: entry->ebt.ethproto = (__force __be16)proto; entry->ebt.invflags = inv ? EBT_IPROTO : 0; break; case NFPROTO_ARP: break; } par->entryinfo = entry; par->target = target; par->targinfo = info; if (nft_is_base_chain(ctx->chain)) { const struct nft_base_chain *basechain = nft_base_chain(ctx->chain); const struct nf_hook_ops *ops = &basechain->ops; par->hook_mask = 1 << ops->hooknum; } else { par->hook_mask = 0; } par->family = ctx->family; par->nft_compat = true; } static void target_compat_from_user(struct xt_target *t, void *in, void *out) { int pad; memcpy(out, in, t->targetsize); pad = XT_ALIGN(t->targetsize) - t->targetsize; if (pad > 0) memset(out + t->targetsize, 0, pad); } static const struct nla_policy nft_rule_compat_policy[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT_MAX + 1] = { [NFTA_RULE_COMPAT_PROTO] = { .type = NLA_U32 }, [NFTA_RULE_COMPAT_FLAGS] = { .type = NLA_U32 }, }; static int nft_parse_compat(const struct nlattr *attr, u16 *proto, bool *inv) { struct nlattr *tb[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT_MAX+1]; u32 flags; int err; err = nla_parse_nested(tb, NFTA_RULE_COMPAT_MAX, attr, nft_rule_compat_policy, NULL); if (err < 0) return err; if (!tb[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT_PROTO] || !tb[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT_FLAGS]) return -EINVAL; flags = ntohl(nla_get_be32(tb[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT_FLAGS])); if (flags & ~NFT_RULE_COMPAT_F_MASK) return -EINVAL; if (flags & NFT_RULE_COMPAT_F_INV) *inv = true; *proto = ntohl(nla_get_be32(tb[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT_PROTO])); return 0; } static int nft_target_init(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr, const struct nlattr * const tb[]) { void *info = nft_expr_priv(expr); struct xt_target *target = expr->ops->data; struct xt_tgchk_param par; size_t size = XT_ALIGN(nla_len(tb[NFTA_TARGET_INFO])); u16 proto = 0; bool inv = false; union nft_entry e = {}; int ret; target_compat_from_user(target, nla_data(tb[NFTA_TARGET_INFO]), info); if (ctx->nla[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT]) { ret = nft_parse_compat(ctx->nla[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT], &proto, &inv); if (ret < 0) return ret; } nft_target_set_tgchk_param(&par, ctx, target, info, &e, proto, inv); ret = xt_check_target(&par, size, proto, inv); if (ret < 0) return ret; /* The standard target cannot be used */ if (!target->target) return -EINVAL; return 0; } static void nft_target_destroy(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr) { struct xt_target *target = expr->ops->data; void *info = nft_expr_priv(expr); struct module *me = target->me; struct xt_tgdtor_param par; par.net = ctx->net; par.target = target; par.targinfo = info; par.family = ctx->family; if (par.target->destroy != NULL) par.target->destroy(&par); module_put(me); kfree(expr->ops); } static int nft_extension_dump_info(struct sk_buff *skb, int attr, const void *info, unsigned int size, unsigned int user_size) { unsigned int info_size, aligned_size = XT_ALIGN(size); struct nlattr *nla; nla = nla_reserve(skb, attr, aligned_size); if (!nla) return -1; info_size = user_size ? : size; memcpy(nla_data(nla), info, info_size); memset(nla_data(nla) + info_size, 0, aligned_size - info_size); return 0; } static int nft_target_dump(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nft_expr *expr) { const struct xt_target *target = expr->ops->data; void *info = nft_expr_priv(expr); if (nla_put_string(skb, NFTA_TARGET_NAME, target->name) || nla_put_be32(skb, NFTA_TARGET_REV, htonl(target->revision)) || nft_extension_dump_info(skb, NFTA_TARGET_INFO, info, target->targetsize, target->usersize)) goto nla_put_failure; return 0; nla_put_failure: return -1; } static int nft_target_validate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr, const struct nft_data **data) { struct xt_target *target = expr->ops->data; unsigned int hook_mask = 0; int ret; if (nft_is_base_chain(ctx->chain)) { const struct nft_base_chain *basechain = nft_base_chain(ctx->chain); const struct nf_hook_ops *ops = &basechain->ops; hook_mask = 1 << ops->hooknum; if (target->hooks && !(hook_mask & target->hooks)) return -EINVAL; ret = nft_compat_chain_validate_dependency(ctx, target->table); if (ret < 0) return ret; } return 0; } static void __nft_match_eval(const struct nft_expr *expr, struct nft_regs *regs, const struct nft_pktinfo *pkt, void *info) { struct xt_match *match = expr->ops->data; struct sk_buff *skb = pkt->skb; bool ret; nft_compat_set_par((struct xt_action_param *)&pkt->xt, match, info); ret = match->match(skb, (struct xt_action_param *)&pkt->xt); if (pkt->xt.hotdrop) { regs->verdict.code = NF_DROP; return; } switch (ret ? 1 : 0) { case 1: regs->verdict.code = NFT_CONTINUE; break; case 0: regs->verdict.code = NFT_BREAK; break; } } static void nft_match_large_eval(const struct nft_expr *expr, struct nft_regs *regs, const struct nft_pktinfo *pkt) { struct nft_xt_match_priv *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr); __nft_match_eval(expr, regs, pkt, priv->info); } static void nft_match_eval(const struct nft_expr *expr, struct nft_regs *regs, const struct nft_pktinfo *pkt) { __nft_match_eval(expr, regs, pkt, nft_expr_priv(expr)); } static const struct nla_policy nft_match_policy[NFTA_MATCH_MAX + 1] = { [NFTA_MATCH_NAME] = { .type = NLA_NUL_STRING }, [NFTA_MATCH_REV] = { .type = NLA_U32 }, [NFTA_MATCH_INFO] = { .type = NLA_BINARY }, }; /* struct xt_mtchk_param and xt_tgchk_param look very similar */ static void nft_match_set_mtchk_param(struct xt_mtchk_param *par, const struct nft_ctx *ctx, struct xt_match *match, void *info, union nft_entry *entry, u16 proto, bool inv) { par->net = ctx->net; par->table = ctx->table->name; switch (ctx->family) { case AF_INET: entry->e4.ip.proto = proto; entry->e4.ip.invflags = inv ? IPT_INV_PROTO : 0; break; case AF_INET6: if (proto) entry->e6.ipv6.flags |= IP6T_F_PROTO; entry->e6.ipv6.proto = proto; entry->e6.ipv6.invflags = inv ? IP6T_INV_PROTO : 0; break; case NFPROTO_BRIDGE: entry->ebt.ethproto = (__force __be16)proto; entry->ebt.invflags = inv ? EBT_IPROTO : 0; break; case NFPROTO_ARP: break; } par->entryinfo = entry; par->match = match; par->matchinfo = info; if (nft_is_base_chain(ctx->chain)) { const struct nft_base_chain *basechain = nft_base_chain(ctx->chain); const struct nf_hook_ops *ops = &basechain->ops; par->hook_mask = 1 << ops->hooknum; } else { par->hook_mask = 0; } par->family = ctx->family; par->nft_compat = true; } static void match_compat_from_user(struct xt_match *m, void *in, void *out) { int pad; memcpy(out, in, m->matchsize); pad = XT_ALIGN(m->matchsize) - m->matchsize; if (pad > 0) memset(out + m->matchsize, 0, pad); } static int __nft_match_init(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr, const struct nlattr * const tb[], void *info) { struct xt_match *match = expr->ops->data; struct xt_mtchk_param par; size_t size = XT_ALIGN(nla_len(tb[NFTA_MATCH_INFO])); u16 proto = 0; bool inv = false; union nft_entry e = {}; int ret; match_compat_from_user(match, nla_data(tb[NFTA_MATCH_INFO]), info); if (ctx->nla[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT]) { ret = nft_parse_compat(ctx->nla[NFTA_RULE_COMPAT], &proto, &inv); if (ret < 0) return ret; } nft_match_set_mtchk_param(&par, ctx, match, info, &e, proto, inv); return xt_check_match(&par, size, proto, inv); } static int nft_match_init(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr, const struct nlattr * const tb[]) { return __nft_match_init(ctx, expr, tb, nft_expr_priv(expr)); } static int nft_match_large_init(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr, const struct nlattr * const tb[]) { struct nft_xt_match_priv *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr); struct xt_match *m = expr->ops->data; int ret; priv->info = kmalloc(XT_ALIGN(m->matchsize), GFP_KERNEL); if (!priv->info) return -ENOMEM; ret = __nft_match_init(ctx, expr, tb, priv->info); if (ret) kfree(priv->info); return ret; } static void __nft_match_destroy(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr, void *info) { struct xt_match *match = expr->ops->data; struct module *me = match->me; struct xt_mtdtor_param par; par.net = ctx->net; par.match = match; par.matchinfo = info; par.family = ctx->family; if (par.match->destroy != NULL) par.match->destroy(&par); module_put(me); kfree(expr->ops); } static void nft_match_destroy(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr) { __nft_match_destroy(ctx, expr, nft_expr_priv(expr)); } static void nft_match_large_destroy(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr) { struct nft_xt_match_priv *priv = nft_expr_priv(expr); __nft_match_destroy(ctx, expr, priv->info); kfree(priv->info); } static int __nft_match_dump(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nft_expr *expr, void *info) { struct xt_match *match = expr->ops->data; if (nla_put_string(skb, NFTA_MATCH_NAME, match->name) || nla_put_be32(skb, NFTA_MATCH_REV, htonl(match->revision)) || nft_extension_dump_info(skb, NFTA_MATCH_INFO, info, match->matchsize, match->usersize)) goto nla_put_failure; return 0; nla_put_failure: return -1; } static int nft_match_dump(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nft_expr *expr) { return __nft_match_dump(skb, expr, nft_expr_priv(expr)); } static int nft_match_large_dump(struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nft_expr *e) { struct nft_xt_match_priv *priv = nft_expr_priv(e); return __nft_match_dump(skb, e, priv->info); } static int nft_match_validate(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nft_expr *expr, const struct nft_data **data) { struct xt_match *match = expr->ops->data; unsigned int hook_mask = 0; int ret; if (nft_is_base_chain(ctx->chain)) { const struct nft_base_chain *basechain = nft_base_chain(ctx->chain); const struct nf_hook_ops *ops = &basechain->ops; hook_mask = 1 << ops->hooknum; if (match->hooks && !(hook_mask & match->hooks)) return -EINVAL; ret = nft_compat_chain_validate_dependency(ctx, match->table); if (ret < 0) return ret; } return 0; } static int nfnl_compat_fill_info(struct sk_buff *skb, u32 portid, u32 seq, u32 type, int event, u16 family, const char *name, int rev, int target) { struct nlmsghdr *nlh; struct nfgenmsg *nfmsg; unsigned int flags = portid ? NLM_F_MULTI : 0; event = nfnl_msg_type(NFNL_SUBSYS_NFT_COMPAT, event); nlh = nlmsg_put(skb, portid, seq, event, sizeof(*nfmsg), flags); if (nlh == NULL) goto nlmsg_failure; nfmsg = nlmsg_data(nlh); nfmsg->nfgen_family = family; nfmsg->version = NFNETLINK_V0; nfmsg->res_id = 0; if (nla_put_string(skb, NFTA_COMPAT_NAME, name) || nla_put_be32(skb, NFTA_COMPAT_REV, htonl(rev)) || nla_put_be32(skb, NFTA_COMPAT_TYPE, htonl(target))) goto nla_put_failure; nlmsg_end(skb, nlh); return skb->len; nlmsg_failure: nla_put_failure: nlmsg_cancel(skb, nlh); return -1; } static int nfnl_compat_get_rcu(struct net *net, struct sock *nfnl, struct sk_buff *skb, const struct nlmsghdr *nlh, const struct nlattr * const tb[], struct netlink_ext_ack *extack) { int ret = 0, target; struct nfgenmsg *nfmsg; const char *fmt; const char *name; u32 rev; struct sk_buff *skb2; if (tb[NFTA_COMPAT_NAME] == NULL || tb[NFTA_COMPAT_REV] == NULL || tb[NFTA_COMPAT_TYPE] == NULL) return -EINVAL; name = nla_data(tb[NFTA_COMPAT_NAME]); rev = ntohl(nla_get_be32(tb[NFTA_COMPAT_REV])); target = ntohl(nla_get_be32(tb[NFTA_COMPAT_TYPE])); nfmsg = nlmsg_data(nlh); switch(nfmsg->nfgen_family) { case AF_INET: fmt = "ipt_%s"; break; case AF_INET6: fmt = "ip6t_%s"; break; case NFPROTO_BRIDGE: fmt = "ebt_%s"; break; case NFPROTO_ARP: fmt = "arpt_%s"; break; default: pr_err("nft_compat: unsupported protocol %d\n", nfmsg->nfgen_family); return -EINVAL; } if (!try_module_get(THIS_MODULE)) return -EINVAL; rcu_read_unlock(); try_then_request_module(xt_find_revision(nfmsg->nfgen_family, name, rev, target, &ret), fmt, name); if (ret < 0) goto out_put; skb2 = nlmsg_new(NLMSG_DEFAULT_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL); if (skb2 == NULL) { ret = -ENOMEM; goto out_put; } /* include the best revision for this extension in the message */ if (nfnl_compat_fill_info(skb2, NETLINK_CB(skb).portid, nlh->nlmsg_seq, NFNL_MSG_TYPE(nlh->nlmsg_type), NFNL_MSG_COMPAT_GET, nfmsg->nfgen_family, name, ret, target) <= 0) { kfree_skb(skb2); goto out_put; } ret = netlink_unicast(nfnl, skb2, NETLINK_CB(skb).portid, MSG_DONTWAIT); if (ret > 0) ret = 0; out_put: rcu_read_lock(); module_put(THIS_MODULE); return ret == -EAGAIN ? -ENOBUFS : ret; } static const struct nla_policy nfnl_compat_policy_get[NFTA_COMPAT_MAX+1] = { [NFTA_COMPAT_NAME] = { .type = NLA_NUL_STRING, .len = NFT_COMPAT_NAME_MAX-1 }, [NFTA_COMPAT_REV] = { .type = NLA_U32 }, [NFTA_COMPAT_TYPE] = { .type = NLA_U32 }, }; static const struct nfnl_callback nfnl_nft_compat_cb[NFNL_MSG_COMPAT_MAX] = { [NFNL_MSG_COMPAT_GET] = { .call_rcu = nfnl_compat_get_rcu, .attr_count = NFTA_COMPAT_MAX, .policy = nfnl_compat_policy_get }, }; static const struct nfnetlink_subsystem nfnl_compat_subsys = { .name = "nft-compat", .subsys_id = NFNL_SUBSYS_NFT_COMPAT, .cb_count = NFNL_MSG_COMPAT_MAX, .cb = nfnl_nft_compat_cb, }; static struct nft_expr_type nft_match_type; static const struct nft_expr_ops * nft_match_select_ops(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nlattr * const tb[]) { struct nft_expr_ops *ops; struct xt_match *match; unsigned int matchsize; char *mt_name; u32 rev, family; int err; if (tb[NFTA_MATCH_NAME] == NULL || tb[NFTA_MATCH_REV] == NULL || tb[NFTA_MATCH_INFO] == NULL) return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); mt_name = nla_data(tb[NFTA_MATCH_NAME]); rev = ntohl(nla_get_be32(tb[NFTA_MATCH_REV])); family = ctx->family; match = xt_request_find_match(family, mt_name, rev); if (IS_ERR(match)) return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT); if (match->matchsize > nla_len(tb[NFTA_MATCH_INFO])) { err = -EINVAL; goto err; } ops = kzalloc(sizeof(struct nft_expr_ops), GFP_KERNEL); if (!ops) { err = -ENOMEM; goto err; } ops->type = &nft_match_type; ops->eval = nft_match_eval; ops->init = nft_match_init; ops->destroy = nft_match_destroy; ops->dump = nft_match_dump; ops->validate = nft_match_validate; ops->data = match; matchsize = NFT_EXPR_SIZE(XT_ALIGN(match->matchsize)); if (matchsize > NFT_MATCH_LARGE_THRESH) { matchsize = NFT_EXPR_SIZE(sizeof(struct nft_xt_match_priv)); ops->eval = nft_match_large_eval; ops->init = nft_match_large_init; ops->destroy = nft_match_large_destroy; ops->dump = nft_match_large_dump; } ops->size = matchsize; return ops; err: module_put(match->me); return ERR_PTR(err); } static void nft_match_release_ops(const struct nft_expr_ops *ops) { struct xt_match *match = ops->data; module_put(match->me); kfree(ops); } static struct nft_expr_type nft_match_type __read_mostly = { .name = "match", .select_ops = nft_match_select_ops, .release_ops = nft_match_release_ops, .policy = nft_match_policy, .maxattr = NFTA_MATCH_MAX, .owner = THIS_MODULE, }; static struct nft_expr_type nft_target_type; static const struct nft_expr_ops * nft_target_select_ops(const struct nft_ctx *ctx, const struct nlattr * const tb[]) { struct nft_expr_ops *ops; struct xt_target *target; char *tg_name; u32 rev, family; int err; if (tb[NFTA_TARGET_NAME] == NULL || tb[NFTA_TARGET_REV] == NULL || tb[NFTA_TARGET_INFO] == NULL) return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); tg_name = nla_data(tb[NFTA_TARGET_NAME]); rev = ntohl(nla_get_be32(tb[NFTA_TARGET_REV])); family = ctx->family; if (strcmp(tg_name, XT_ERROR_TARGET) == 0 || strcmp(tg_name, XT_STANDARD_TARGET) == 0 || strcmp(tg_name, "standard") == 0) return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL); target = xt_request_find_target(family, tg_name, rev); if (IS_ERR(target)) return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT); if (!target->target) { err = -EINVAL; goto err; } if (target->targetsize > nla_len(tb[NFTA_TARGET_INFO])) { err = -EINVAL; goto err; } ops = kzalloc(sizeof(struct nft_expr_ops), GFP_KERNEL); if (!ops) { err = -ENOMEM; goto err; } ops->type = &nft_target_type; ops->size = NFT_EXPR_SIZE(XT_ALIGN(target->targetsize)); ops->init = nft_target_init; ops->destroy = nft_target_destroy; ops->dump = nft_target_dump; ops->validate = nft_target_validate; ops->data = target; if (family == NFPROTO_BRIDGE) ops->eval = nft_target_eval_bridge; else ops->eval = nft_target_eval_xt; return ops; err: module_put(target->me); return ERR_PTR(err); } static void nft_target_release_ops(const struct nft_expr_ops *ops) { struct xt_target *target = ops->data; module_put(target->me); kfree(ops); } static struct nft_expr_type nft_target_type __read_mostly = { .name = "target", .select_ops = nft_target_select_ops, .release_ops = nft_target_release_ops, .policy = nft_target_policy, .maxattr = NFTA_TARGET_MAX, .owner = THIS_MODULE, }; static int __init nft_compat_module_init(void) { int ret; ret = nft_register_expr(&nft_match_type); if (ret < 0) return ret; ret = nft_register_expr(&nft_target_type); if (ret < 0) goto err_match; ret = nfnetlink_subsys_register(&nfnl_compat_subsys); if (ret < 0) { pr_err("nft_compat: cannot register with nfnetlink.\n"); goto err_target; } return ret; err_target: nft_unregister_expr(&nft_target_type); err_match: nft_unregister_expr(&nft_match_type); return ret; } static void __exit nft_compat_module_exit(void) { nfnetlink_subsys_unregister(&nfnl_compat_subsys); nft_unregister_expr(&nft_target_type); nft_unregister_expr(&nft_match_type); } MODULE_ALIAS_NFNL_SUBSYS(NFNL_SUBSYS_NFT_COMPAT); module_init(nft_compat_module_init); module_exit(nft_compat_module_exit); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); MODULE_AUTHOR("Pablo Neira Ayuso "); MODULE_ALIAS_NFT_EXPR("match"); MODULE_ALIAS_NFT_EXPR("target");