mm: abstract get_arg_page() stack expansion and mmap read lock

Right now fs/exec.c invokes expand_downwards(), an otherwise internal
implementation detail of the VMA logic in order to ensure that an arg page
can be obtained by get_user_pages_remote().

In order to be able to move the stack expansion logic into mm/vma.c to
make it available to userland testing we need to find an alternative
approach here.

We do so by providing the mmap_read_lock_maybe_expand() function which
also helpfully documents what get_arg_page() is doing here and adds an
additional check against VM_GROWSDOWN to make explicit that the stack
expansion logic is only invoked when the VMA is indeed a downward-growing
stack.

This allows expand_downwards() to become a static function.

Importantly, the VMA referenced by mmap_read_maybe_expand() must NOT be
currently user-visible in any way, that is place within an rmap or VMA
tree.  It must be a newly allocated VMA.

This is the case when exec invokes this function.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/5295d1c70c58e6aa63d14be68d4e1de9fa1c8e6d.1733248985.git.lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@Oracle.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

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