Merge branch 'for-3.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu

Pull per-cpu changes from Tejun Heo:
 "This pull request contains Kent's per-cpu reference counter.  It has
  gone through several iterations since the last time and the dynamic
  allocation is gone.

  The usual usage is relatively straight-forward although async kill
  confirm interface, which is not used int most cases, is somewhat icky.
  There also are some interface concerns - e.g.  I'm not sure about
  passing in @relesae callback during init as that becomes funny when we
  later implement synchronous kill_and_drain - but nothing too serious
  and it's quite useable now.

  cgroup_subsys_state refcnting has already been converted and we should
  convert module refcnt (Kent?)"

* 'for-3.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/percpu:
  percpu-refcount: use RCU-sched insted of normal RCU
  percpu-refcount: implement percpu_tryget() along with percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm()
  percpu-refcount: implement percpu_ref_cancel_init()
  percpu-refcount: add __must_check to percpu_ref_init() and don't use ACCESS_ONCE() in percpu_ref_kill_rcu()
  percpu-refcount: cosmetic updates
  percpu-refcount: consistently use plain (non-sched) RCU
  percpu-refcount: Don't use silly cmpxchg()
  percpu: implement generic percpu refcounting

1 files changed, 174 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/linux/percpu-refcount.h b/include/linux/percpu-refcount.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..95961f0bf62d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/linux/percpu-refcount.h
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/*
+ * Percpu refcounts:
+ * (C) 2012 Google, Inc.
+ * Author: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
+ *
+ * This implements a refcount with similar semantics to atomic_t - atomic_inc(),
+ * atomic_dec_and_test() - but percpu.
+ *
+ * There's one important difference between percpu refs and normal atomic_t
+ * refcounts; you have to keep track of your initial refcount, and then when you
+ * start shutting down you call percpu_ref_kill() _before_ dropping the initial
+ * refcount.
+ *
+ * The refcount will have a range of 0 to ((1U << 31) - 1), i.e. one bit less
+ * than an atomic_t - this is because of the way shutdown works, see
+ * percpu_ref_kill()/PCPU_COUNT_BIAS.
+ *
+ * Before you call percpu_ref_kill(), percpu_ref_put() does not check for the
+ * refcount hitting 0 - it can't, if it was in percpu mode. percpu_ref_kill()
+ * puts the ref back in single atomic_t mode, collecting the per cpu refs and
+ * issuing the appropriate barriers, and then marks the ref as shutting down so
+ * that percpu_ref_put() will check for the ref hitting 0.  After it returns,
+ * it's safe to drop the initial ref.
+ *
+ * USAGE:
+ *
+ * See fs/aio.c for some example usage; it's used there for struct kioctx, which
+ * is created when userspaces calls io_setup(), and destroyed when userspace
+ * calls io_destroy() or the process exits.
+ *
+ * In the aio code, kill_ioctx() is called when we wish to destroy a kioctx; it
+ * calls percpu_ref_kill(), then hlist_del_rcu() and sychronize_rcu() to remove
+ * the kioctx from the proccess's list of kioctxs - after that, there can't be
+ * any new users of the kioctx (from lookup_ioctx()) and it's then safe to drop
+ * the initial ref with percpu_ref_put().
+ *
+ * Code that does a two stage shutdown like this often needs some kind of
+ * explicit synchronization to ensure the initial refcount can only be dropped
+ * once - percpu_ref_kill() does this for you, it returns true once and false if
+ * someone else already called it. The aio code uses it this way, but it's not
+ * necessary if the code has some other mechanism to synchronize teardown.
+ * around.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _LINUX_PERCPU_REFCOUNT_H
+#define _LINUX_PERCPU_REFCOUNT_H
+
+#include <linux/atomic.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/percpu.h>
+#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
+
+struct percpu_ref;
+typedef void (percpu_ref_func_t)(struct percpu_ref *);
+
+struct percpu_ref {
+	atomic_t		count;
+	/*
+	 * The low bit of the pointer indicates whether the ref is in percpu
+	 * mode; if set, then get/put will manipulate the atomic_t (this is a
+	 * hack because we need to keep the pointer around for
+	 * percpu_ref_kill_rcu())
+	 */
+	unsigned __percpu	*pcpu_count;
+	percpu_ref_func_t	*release;
+	percpu_ref_func_t	*confirm_kill;
+	struct rcu_head		rcu;
+};
+
+int __must_check percpu_ref_init(struct percpu_ref *ref,
+				 percpu_ref_func_t *release);
+void percpu_ref_cancel_init(struct percpu_ref *ref);
+void percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm(struct percpu_ref *ref,
+				 percpu_ref_func_t *confirm_kill);
+
+/**
+ * percpu_ref_kill - drop the initial ref
+ * @ref: percpu_ref to kill
+ *
+ * Must be used to drop the initial ref on a percpu refcount; must be called
+ * precisely once before shutdown.
+ *
+ * Puts @ref in non percpu mode, then does a call_rcu() before gathering up the
+ * percpu counters and dropping the initial ref.
+ */
+static inline void percpu_ref_kill(struct percpu_ref *ref)
+{
+	return percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm(ref, NULL);
+}
+
+#define PCPU_STATUS_BITS	2
+#define PCPU_STATUS_MASK	((1 << PCPU_STATUS_BITS) - 1)
+#define PCPU_REF_PTR		0
+#define PCPU_REF_DEAD		1
+
+#define REF_STATUS(count)	(((unsigned long) count) & PCPU_STATUS_MASK)
+
+/**
+ * percpu_ref_get - increment a percpu refcount
+ * @ref: percpu_ref to get
+ *
+ * Analagous to atomic_inc().
+  */
+static inline void percpu_ref_get(struct percpu_ref *ref)
+{
+	unsigned __percpu *pcpu_count;
+
+	rcu_read_lock_sched();
+
+	pcpu_count = ACCESS_ONCE(ref->pcpu_count);
+
+	if (likely(REF_STATUS(pcpu_count) == PCPU_REF_PTR))
+		__this_cpu_inc(*pcpu_count);
+	else
+		atomic_inc(&ref->count);
+
+	rcu_read_unlock_sched();
+}
+
+/**
+ * percpu_ref_tryget - try to increment a percpu refcount
+ * @ref: percpu_ref to try-get
+ *
+ * Increment a percpu refcount unless it has already been killed.  Returns
+ * %true on success; %false on failure.
+ *
+ * Completion of percpu_ref_kill() in itself doesn't guarantee that tryget
+ * will fail.  For such guarantee, percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm() should be
+ * used.  After the confirm_kill callback is invoked, it's guaranteed that
+ * no new reference will be given out by percpu_ref_tryget().
+ */
+static inline bool percpu_ref_tryget(struct percpu_ref *ref)
+{
+	unsigned __percpu *pcpu_count;
+	int ret = false;
+
+	rcu_read_lock_sched();
+
+	pcpu_count = ACCESS_ONCE(ref->pcpu_count);
+
+	if (likely(REF_STATUS(pcpu_count) == PCPU_REF_PTR)) {
+		__this_cpu_inc(*pcpu_count);
+		ret = true;
+	}
+
+	rcu_read_unlock_sched();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * percpu_ref_put - decrement a percpu refcount
+ * @ref: percpu_ref to put
+ *
+ * Decrement the refcount, and if 0, call the release function (which was passed
+ * to percpu_ref_init())
+ */
+static inline void percpu_ref_put(struct percpu_ref *ref)
+{
+	unsigned __percpu *pcpu_count;
+
+	rcu_read_lock_sched();
+
+	pcpu_count = ACCESS_ONCE(ref->pcpu_count);
+
+	if (likely(REF_STATUS(pcpu_count) == PCPU_REF_PTR))
+		__this_cpu_dec(*pcpu_count);
+	else if (unlikely(atomic_dec_and_test(&ref->count)))
+		ref->release(ref);
+
+	rcu_read_unlock_sched();
+}
+
+#endif