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2022-03-23Merge tag 'linux-kselftest-next-5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftestLinus Torvalds1-1/+1
Pull Kselftest updates from Shuah Khan: "Several build and cleanup fixes: - removing obsolete config options - removing dependency on internal kernel macros - adding config options - several build fixes related to headers and install paths" * tag 'linux-kselftest-next-5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest: (22 commits) selftests: Fix build when $(O) points to a relative path selftests: netfilter: fix a build error on openSUSE selftests: kvm: add generated file to the .gitignore selftests/exec: add generated files to .gitignore selftests: add kselftest_install to .gitignore selftests/rtc: continuously read RTC in a loop for 30s selftests/lkdtm: Add UBSAN config selftests/lkdtm: Remove dead config option selftests/exec: Rename file binfmt_script to binfmt_script.py selftests: Use -isystem instead of -I to include headers selftests: vm: remove dependecy from internal kernel macros selftests: vm: Add the uapi headers include variable selftests: mptcp: Add the uapi headers include variable selftests: net: Add the uapi headers include variable selftests: landlock: Add the uapi headers include variable selftests: kvm: Add the uapi headers include variable selftests: futex: Add the uapi headers include variable selftests: Correct the headers install path selftests: Add and export a kernel uapi headers path selftests: set the BUILD variable to absolute path ...
2022-03-21Merge tag 'execve-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linuxLinus Torvalds1-0/+1
Pull execve updates from Kees Cook: "Execve and binfmt updates. Eric and I have stepped up to be the active maintainers of this area, so here's our first collection. The bulk of the work was in coredump handling fixes; additional details are noted below: - Handle unusual AT_PHDR offsets (Akira Kawata) - Fix initial mapping size when PT_LOADs are not ordered (Alexey Dobriyan) - Move more code under CONFIG_COREDUMP (Alexey Dobriyan) - Fix missing mmap_lock in file_files_note (Eric W. Biederman) - Remove a.out support for alpha and m68k (Eric W. Biederman) - Include first pages of non-exec ELF libraries in coredump (Jann Horn) - Don't write past end of notes for regset gap in coredump (Rick Edgecombe) - Comment clean-ups (Tom Rix) - Force single empty string when argv is empty (Kees Cook) - Add NULL argv selftest (Kees Cook) - Properly redefine PT_GNU_* in terms of PT_LOOS (Kees Cook) - MAINTAINERS: Update execve entry with tree (Kees Cook) - Introduce initial KUnit testing for binfmt_elf (Kees Cook)" * tag 'execve-v5.18-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux: binfmt_elf: Don't write past end of notes for regset gap a.out: Stop building a.out/osf1 support on alpha and m68k coredump: Don't compile flat_core_dump when coredumps are disabled coredump: Use the vma snapshot in fill_files_note coredump/elf: Pass coredump_params into fill_note_info coredump: Remove the WARN_ON in dump_vma_snapshot coredump: Snapshot the vmas in do_coredump coredump: Move definition of struct coredump_params into coredump.h binfmt_elf: Introduce KUnit test ELF: Properly redefine PT_GNU_* in terms of PT_LOOS MAINTAINERS: Update execve entry with more details exec: cleanup comments fs/binfmt_elf: Refactor load_elf_binary function fs/binfmt_elf: Fix AT_PHDR for unusual ELF files binfmt: move more stuff undef CONFIG_COREDUMP selftests/exec: Test for empty string on NULL argv exec: Force single empty string when argv is empty coredump: Also dump first pages of non-executable ELF libraries ELF: fix overflow in total mapping size calculation
2022-03-01selftests/exec: Test for empty string on NULL argvKees Cook1-0/+1
Test for the NULL argv argument producing a single empty string on exec. Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: linux-kselftest@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220201011637.2457646-1-keescook@chromium.org
2022-02-23selftests/exec: Rename file binfmt_script to binfmt_script.pyMuhammad Usama Anjum1-1/+1
Rename file for readability purpose. Update its usage and references. Signed-off-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
2022-02-11selftests/exec: Add non-regular to TEST_GEN_PROGSMuhammad Usama Anjum1-2/+2
non-regular file needs to be compiled and then copied to the output directory. Remove it from TEST_PROGS and add it to TEST_GEN_PROGS. This removes error thrown by rsync when non-regular object isn't found: rsync: [sender] link_stat "/linux/tools/testing/selftests/exec/non-regular" failed: No such file or directory (2) rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1333) [sender=3.2.3] Fixes: 0f71241a8e32 ("selftests/exec: add file type errno tests") Reported-by: "kernelci.org bot" <bot@kernelci.org> Signed-off-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com> Reviewed-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
2022-01-27selftests/exec: Remove pipe from TEST_GEN_FILESMuhammad Usama Anjum1-1/+1
pipe named FIFO special file is being created in execveat.c to perform some tests. Makefile doesn't need to do anything with the pipe. When it isn't found, Makefile generates the following build error: make: *** No rule to make target '../tools/testing/selftests/exec/pipe', needed by 'all'. Stop. pipe is created and removed during test run-time. Amended change log to add pipe remove info: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org> Fixes: 61016db15b8e ("selftests/exec: Verify execve of non-regular files fail") Signed-off-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com> Reviewed-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
2021-05-22tools/testing/selftests/exec: fix link errorYang Yingliang1-3/+3
Fix the link error by adding '-static': gcc -Wall -Wl,-z,max-page-size=0x1000 -pie load_address.c -o /home/yang/linux/tools/testing/selftests/exec/load_address_4096 /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccopEGun.o: relocation R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21 against symbol `stderr@@GLIBC_2.17' which may bind externally can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccopEGun.o(.text+0x158): unresolvable R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21 relocation against symbol `stderr@@GLIBC_2.17' /usr/bin/ld: final link failed: bad value collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [Makefile:25: tools/testing/selftests/exec/load_address_4096] Error 1 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210514092422.2367367-1-yangyingliang@huawei.com Fixes: 206e22f01941 ("tools/testing/selftests: add self-test for verifying load alignment") Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com> Cc: Chris Kennelly <ckennelly@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-10-16tools/testing/selftests: add self-test for verifying load alignmentChris Kennelly1-2/+7
This produces a PIE binary with a variety of p_align requirements, suitable for verifying that the load address meets that alignment requirement. Signed-off-by: Chris Kennelly <ckennelly@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com> Cc: Hugh Dickens <hughd@google.com> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com> Cc: Sandeep Patil <sspatil@google.com> Cc: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200820170541.1132271-3-ckennelly@google.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200821233848.3904680-3-ckennelly@google.com Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-08-14selftests/exec: add file type errno testsKees Cook1-2/+3
Make sure execve() returns the expected errno values for non-regular files. Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org> Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200813231723.2725102-3-keescook@chromium.org Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-09Merge tag 'linux-kselftest-5.8-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftestLinus Torvalds1-1/+1
Pull kselftest updates from Shuah Khan: "This consists of: - Several fixes from Masami Hiramatsu to improve coverage for lib and sysctl tests. - Clean up to vdso test and a new test for getcpu() from Mark Brown. - Add new gen_tar selftests Makefile target generate selftest package running "make gen_tar" in selftests directory from Veronika Kabatova. - Other miscellaneous fixes to timens, exec, tpm2 tests" * tag 'linux-kselftest-5.8-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest: selftests/sysctl: Make sysctl test driver as a module selftests/sysctl: Fix to load test_sysctl module lib: Make test_sysctl initialized as module lib: Make prime number generator independently selectable selftests/ftrace: Return unsupported if no error_log file selftests/ftrace: Use printf for backslash included command selftests/timens: handle a case when alarm clocks are not supported Kernel selftests: Add check if TPM devices are supported selftests: vdso: Add a selftest for vDSO getcpu() selftests: vdso: Use a header file to prototype parse_vdso API selftests: vdso: Rename vdso_test to vdso_test_gettimeofday selftests/exec: Verify execve of non-regular files fail selftests: introduce gen_tar Makefile target
2020-05-22selftests/exec: Verify execve of non-regular files failKees Cook1-1/+1
Add a named pipe as an exec target to make sure that non-regular files are rejected by execve() with EACCES. This can help verify commit 73601ea5b7b1 ("fs/open.c: allow opening only regular files during execve()"). Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
2020-05-21selftests/exec: Add binfmt_script regression testKees Cook1-0/+1
While working on commit b5372fe5dc84 ("exec: load_script: Do not exec truncated interpreter path"), I wrote a series of test scripts to verify corner cases. However, soon after, commit 6eb3c3d0a52d ("exec: increase BINPRM_BUF_SIZE to 256") landed, resulting in the tests needing to be refactored for the larger BINPRM_BUF_SIZE, which got lost on my TODO list. During the recent exec refactoring work[1], the need for these tests resurfaced, so I've finished them up for addition to the kernel selftests. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/202005191144.E3112135@keescook/ Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/202005200204.D07DF079@keescook Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2019-05-14exec selftests: test ->recursion_depthAlexey Dobriyan1-0/+4
Test that trivially recursing script onto itself doesn't work. Note: this is different test from ELOOP tests in execveat.c Those test that execveat(2) doesn't follow symlinks when told to do so. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190423192720.GA21433@avx2 Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2017-11-02License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no licenseGreg Kroah-Hartman1-0/+1
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-01-05selftests: enable O and KBUILD_OUTPUTbamvor.zhangjian@huawei.com1-6/+7
Enable O and KBUILD_OUTPUT for kselftest. User could compile kselftest to another directory by passing O or KBUILD_OUTPUT. And O is high priority than KBUILD_OUTPUT. Signed-off-by: Bamvor Jian Zhang <bamvor.zhangjian@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2017-01-05selftests: add EXTRA_CLEAN for clean targetbamvor.zhangjian@huawei.com1-10/+9
Some testcases need the clean extra data after running. This patch introduce the "EXTRA_CLEAN" variable to address this requirement. After KBUILD_OUTPUT is enabled in later patch, it will be easy to decide to if we need do the cleanup in the KBUILD_OUTPUT path(if the testcase ran immediately after compiled). Signed-off-by: Bamvor Jian Zhang <bamvor.zhangjian@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2017-01-05selftests: add default rules for c source filebamvor.zhangjian@huawei.com1-2/+0
There are difference rules for compiling c source file in different testcases. In order to enable KBUILD_OUTPUT support in later patch, this patch introduce the default rules in "tools/testing/selftest/lib.mk" and remove the existing rules in each testcase. Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Signed-off-by: Bamvor Jian Zhang <bamvor.zhangjian@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2017-01-05selftests: remove duplicated all and clean targetbamvor.zhangjian@huawei.com1-6/+4
Currently, kselftest use TEST_PROGS, TEST_PROGS_EXTENDED, TEST_FILES to indicate the test program, extended test program and test files. It is easy to understand the purpose of these files. But mix of compiled and uncompiled files lead to duplicated "all" and "clean" targets. In order to remove the duplicated targets, introduce TEST_GEN_PROGS, TEST_GEN_PROGS_EXTENDED, TEST_GEN_FILES to indicate the compiled objects. Also, the later patch will make use of TEST_GEN_XXX to redirect these files to output directory indicated by KBUILD_OUTPUT or O. And add this changes to "Contributing new tests(details)" of Documentation/kselftest.txt. Signed-off-by: Bamvor Jian Zhang <bamvor.zhangjian@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2016-06-15selftests/exec: Makefile is a run-time dependency, add it to the install listYannick Brosseau1-1/+2
The execveat test try to exec the Makefile file and expect an EACCES results. When running the test in the installed destination it would fail with ENOENT since the file is not there. Add Makefile to the TEST_FILES list so it's copied at install time. Signed-off-by: Yannick Brosseau <scientist@fb.com> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2015-09-14selftests: exec: revert to default emit ruleBamvor Jian Zhang1-3/+1
With the previous patch, the installation method change from install to rsync. There is no need to create subdir during test, the default EMIT_TESTS is enough. This patch essentially revert commit 84cbd9e4 ("selftests/exec: do not install subdir as it is already created"). Suggested-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Signed-off-by: Bamvor Jian Zhang <bamvor.zhangjian@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2015-05-26selftests/exec: do not install subdir as it is already createdTyler Baker1-1/+1
Remove subdir from DEPS as it is already created at runtime. Without this, make install fails. Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Signed-off-by: Tyler Baker <tyler.baker@linaro.org> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2015-03-19selftests: Set CC using CROSS_COMPILE once in lib.mkMichael Ellerman1-1/+0
This avoids repeating the logic in every Makefile. We mimic the top-level Makefile and use $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc. Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2015-03-13selftests: Add install targetMichael Ellerman1-0/+3
This adds make install support to selftests. The basic usage is: $ cd tools/testing/selftests $ make install That installs into tools/testing/selftests/install, which can then be copied where ever necessary. The install destination is also configurable using eg: $ INSTALL_PATH=/mnt/selftests make install The implementation uses two targets in the child makefiles. The first "install" is expected to install all files into $(INSTALL_PATH). The second, "emit_tests", is expected to emit the test instructions (ie. bash script) on stdout. Separating this from install means the child makefiles need no knowledge of the location of the test script. Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2015-03-13selftests: Introduce minimal shared logic for running testsMichael Ellerman1-2/+3
This adds a Make include file which most selftests can then include to get the run_tests logic. On its own this has the advantage of some reduction in repetition, and also means the pass/fail message is defined in fewer places. However the key advantage is it will allow us to implement install very simply in a subsequent patch. The default implementation just executes each program in $(TEST_PROGS). We use a variable to hold the default implementation of $(RUN_TESTS) because that gives us a clean way to override it if necessary, ie. using override. The mount, memory-hotplug and mqueue tests use that to provide a different implementation. Tests are not run via /bin/bash, so if they are scripts they must be executable, we add a+x to several. Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
2014-12-13syscalls: add selftest for execveat(2)David Drysdale1-0/+25
Signed-off-by: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com> Cc: Meredydd Luff <meredydd@senatehouse.org> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah.kh@samsung.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@aerifal.cx> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org> Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>