aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/lib/vsprintf.c
blob: f569feb7662e3d70f3c5dfae547df979a00d0608 (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
/*
 *  linux/lib/vsprintf.c
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
 */

/* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. */
/*
 * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-)
 */

/* 
 * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com>
 * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions
 * So Feb  1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de>
 * - scnprintf and vscnprintf
 */

#include <stdarg.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

#include <asm/page.h>		/* for PAGE_SIZE */
#include <asm/div64.h>

/* Works only for digits and letters, but small and fast */
#define TOLOWER(x) ((x) | 0x20)

/**
 * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
 * @cp: The start of the string
 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
 * @base: The number base to use
 */
unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base)
{
	unsigned long result = 0,value;

	if (!base) {
		base = 10;
		if (*cp == '0') {
			base = 8;
			cp++;
			if ((TOLOWER(*cp) == 'x') && isxdigit(cp[1])) {
				cp++;
				base = 16;
			}
		}
	} else if (base == 16) {
		if (cp[0] == '0' && TOLOWER(cp[1]) == 'x')
			cp += 2;
	}
	while (isxdigit(*cp) &&
	       (value = isdigit(*cp) ? *cp-'0' : TOLOWER(*cp)-'a'+10) < base) {
		result = result*base + value;
		cp++;
	}
	if (endp)
		*endp = (char *)cp;
	return result;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul);

/**
 * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long
 * @cp: The start of the string
 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
 * @base: The number base to use
 */
long simple_strtol(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base)
{
	if(*cp=='-')
		return -simple_strtoul(cp+1,endp,base);
	return simple_strtoul(cp,endp,base);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol);

/**
 * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long
 * @cp: The start of the string
 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
 * @base: The number base to use
 */
unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base)
{
	unsigned long long result = 0,value;

	if (!base) {
		base = 10;
		if (*cp == '0') {
			base = 8;
			cp++;
			if ((TOLOWER(*cp) == 'x') && isxdigit(cp[1])) {
				cp++;
				base = 16;
			}
		}
	} else if (base == 16) {
		if (cp[0] == '0' && TOLOWER(cp[1]) == 'x')
			cp += 2;
	}
	while (isxdigit(*cp)
	 && (value = isdigit(*cp) ? *cp-'0' : TOLOWER(*cp)-'a'+10) < base) {
		result = result*base + value;
		cp++;
	}
	if (endp)
		*endp = (char *)cp;
	return result;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull);

/**
 * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long
 * @cp: The start of the string
 * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
 * @base: The number base to use
 */
long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp,char **endp,unsigned int base)
{
	if(*cp=='-')
		return -simple_strtoull(cp+1,endp,base);
	return simple_strtoull(cp,endp,base);
}


/**
 * strict_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long strictly
 * @cp: The string to be converted
 * @base: The number base to use
 * @res: The converted result value
 *
 * strict_strtoul converts a string to an unsigned long only if the
 * string is really an unsigned long string, any string containing
 * any invalid char at the tail will be rejected and -EINVAL is returned,
 * only a newline char at the tail is acceptible because people generally
 * change a module parameter in the following way:
 *
 * 	echo 1024 > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
 *
 * echo will append a newline to the tail.
 *
 * It returns 0 if conversion is successful and *res is set to the converted
 * value, otherwise it returns -EINVAL and *res is set to 0.
 *
 * simple_strtoul just ignores the successive invalid characters and
 * return the converted value of prefix part of the string.
 */
int strict_strtoul(const char *cp, unsigned int base, unsigned long *res);

/**
 * strict_strtol - convert a string to a long strictly
 * @cp: The string to be converted
 * @base: The number base to use
 * @res: The converted result value
 *
 * strict_strtol is similiar to strict_strtoul, but it allows the first
 * character of a string is '-'.
 *
 * It returns 0 if conversion is successful and *res is set to the converted
 * value, otherwise it returns -EINVAL and *res is set to 0.
 */
int strict_strtol(const char *cp, unsigned int base, long *res);

/**
 * strict_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long strictly
 * @cp: The string to be converted
 * @base: The number base to use
 * @res: The converted result value
 *
 * strict_strtoull converts a string to an unsigned long long only if the
 * string is really an unsigned long long string, any string containing
 * any invalid char at the tail will be rejected and -EINVAL is returned,
 * only a newline char at the tail is acceptible because people generally
 * change a module parameter in the following way:
 *
 * 	echo 1024 > /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
 *
 * echo will append a newline to the tail of the string.
 *
 * It returns 0 if conversion is successful and *res is set to the converted
 * value, otherwise it returns -EINVAL and *res is set to 0.
 *
 * simple_strtoull just ignores the successive invalid characters and
 * return the converted value of prefix part of the string.
 */
int strict_strtoull(const char *cp, unsigned int base, unsigned long long *res);

/**
 * strict_strtoll - convert a string to a long long strictly
 * @cp: The string to be converted
 * @base: The number base to use
 * @res: The converted result value
 *
 * strict_strtoll is similiar to strict_strtoull, but it allows the first
 * character of a string is '-'.
 *
 * It returns 0 if conversion is successful and *res is set to the converted
 * value, otherwise it returns -EINVAL and *res is set to 0.
 */
int strict_strtoll(const char *cp, unsigned int base, long long *res);

#define define_strict_strtoux(type, valtype)				\
int strict_strtou##type(const char *cp, unsigned int base, valtype *res)\
{									\
	char *tail;							\
	valtype val;							\
	size_t len;							\
									\
	*res = 0;							\
	len = strlen(cp);						\
	if (len == 0)							\
		return -EINVAL;						\
									\
	val = simple_strtoul(cp, &tail, base);				\
	if ((*tail == '\0') ||						\
		((len == (size_t)(tail - cp) + 1) && (*tail == '\n'))) {\
		*res = val;						\
		return 0;						\
	}								\
									\
	return -EINVAL;							\
}									\

#define define_strict_strtox(type, valtype)				\
int strict_strto##type(const char *cp, unsigned int base, valtype *res)	\
{									\
	int ret;							\
	if (*cp == '-') {						\
		ret = strict_strtou##type(cp+1, base, res);		\
		if (!ret)						\
			*res = -(*res);					\
	} else								\
		ret = strict_strtou##type(cp, base, res);		\
									\
	return ret;							\
}									\

define_strict_strtoux(l, unsigned long)
define_strict_strtox(l, long)
define_strict_strtoux(ll, unsigned long long)
define_strict_strtox(ll, long long)

EXPORT_SYMBOL(strict_strtoul);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strict_strtol);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strict_strtoll);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(strict_strtoull);

static int skip_atoi(const char **s)
{
	int i=0;

	while (isdigit(**s))
		i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0';
	return i;
}

/* Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used
 * for /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance
 * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed
 * using code from
 * http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html
 * (with permission from the author, Douglas W. Jones). */

/* Formats correctly any integer in [0,99999].
 * Outputs from one to five digits depending on input.
 * On i386 gcc 4.1.2 -O2: ~250 bytes of code. */
static char* put_dec_trunc(char *buf, unsigned q)
{
	unsigned d3, d2, d1, d0;
	d1 = (q>>4) & 0xf;
	d2 = (q>>8) & 0xf;
	d3 = (q>>12);

	d0 = 6*(d3 + d2 + d1) + (q & 0xf);
	q = (d0 * 0xcd) >> 11;
	d0 = d0 - 10*q;
	*buf++ = d0 + '0'; /* least significant digit */
	d1 = q + 9*d3 + 5*d2 + d1;
	if (d1 != 0) {
		q = (d1 * 0xcd) >> 11;
		d1 = d1 - 10*q;
		*buf++ = d1 + '0'; /* next digit */

		d2 = q + 2*d2;
		if ((d2 != 0) || (d3 != 0)) {
			q = (d2 * 0xd) >> 7;
			d2 = d2 - 10*q;
			*buf++ = d2 + '0'; /* next digit */

			d3 = q + 4*d3;
			if (d3 != 0) {
				q = (d3 * 0xcd) >> 11;
				d3 = d3 - 10*q;
				*buf++ = d3 + '0';  /* next digit */
				if (q != 0)
					*buf++ = q + '0';  /* most sign. digit */
			}
		}
	}
	return buf;
}
/* Same with if's removed. Always emits five digits */
static char* put_dec_full(char *buf, unsigned q)
{
	/* BTW, if q is in [0,9999], 8-bit ints will be enough, */
	/* but anyway, gcc produces better code with full-sized ints */
	unsigned d3, d2, d1, d0;
	d1 = (q>>4) & 0xf;
	d2 = (q>>8) & 0xf;
	d3 = (q>>12);

	/* Possible ways to approx. divide by 10 */
	/* gcc -O2 replaces multiply with shifts and adds */
	// (x * 0xcd) >> 11: 11001101 - shorter code than * 0x67 (on i386)
	// (x * 0x67) >> 10:  1100111
	// (x * 0x34) >> 9:    110100 - same
	// (x * 0x1a) >> 8:     11010 - same
	// (x * 0x0d) >> 7:      1101 - same, shortest code (on i386)

	d0 = 6*(d3 + d2 + d1) + (q & 0xf);
	q = (d0 * 0xcd) >> 11;
	d0 = d0 - 10*q;
	*buf++ = d0 + '0';
	d1 = q + 9*d3 + 5*d2 + d1;
		q = (d1 * 0xcd) >> 11;
		d1 = d1 - 10*q;
		*buf++ = d1 + '0';

		d2 = q + 2*d2;
			q = (d2 * 0xd) >> 7;
			d2 = d2 - 10*q;
			*buf++ = d2 + '0';

			d3 = q + 4*d3;
				q = (d3 * 0xcd) >> 11; /* - shorter code */
				/* q = (d3 * 0x67) >> 10; - would also work */
				d3 = d3 - 10*q;
				*buf++ = d3 + '0';
					*buf++ = q + '0';
	return buf;
}
/* No inlining helps gcc to use registers better */
static noinline char* put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long num)
{
	while (1) {
		unsigned rem;
		if (num < 100000)
			return put_dec_trunc(buf, num);
		rem = do_div(num, 100000);
		buf = put_dec_full(buf, rem);
	}
}

#define ZEROPAD	1		/* pad with zero */
#define SIGN	2		/* unsigned/signed long */
#define PLUS	4		/* show plus */
#define SPACE	8		/* space if plus */
#define LEFT	16		/* left justified */
#define SMALL	32		/* Must be 32 == 0x20 */
#define SPECIAL	64		/* 0x */

static char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num, int base, int size, int precision, int type)
{
	/* we are called with base 8, 10 or 16, only, thus don't need "G..."  */
	static const char digits[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF"; /* "GHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; */

	char tmp[66];
	char sign;
	char locase;
	int need_pfx = ((type & SPECIAL) && base != 10);
	int i;

	/* locase = 0 or 0x20. ORing digits or letters with 'locase'
	 * produces same digits or (maybe lowercased) letters */
	locase = (type & SMALL);
	if (type & LEFT)
		type &= ~ZEROPAD;
	sign = 0;
	if (type & SIGN) {
		if ((signed long long) num < 0) {
			sign = '-';
			num = - (signed long long) num;
			size--;
		} else if (type & PLUS) {
			sign = '+';
			size--;
		} else if (type & SPACE) {
			sign = ' ';
			size--;
		}
	}
	if (need_pfx) {
		size--;
		if (base == 16)
			size--;
	}

	/* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */
	i = 0;
	if (num == 0)
		tmp[i++] = '0';
	/* Generic code, for any base:
	else do {
		tmp[i++] = (digits[do_div(num,base)] | locase);
	} while (num != 0);
	*/
	else if (base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */
		int mask = base - 1;
		int shift = 3;
		if (base == 16) shift = 4;
		do {
			tmp[i++] = (digits[((unsigned char)num) & mask] | locase);
			num >>= shift;
		} while (num);
	} else { /* base 10 */
		i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
	}

	/* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */
	if (i > precision)
		precision = i;
	/* leading space padding */
	size -= precision;
	if (!(type & (ZEROPAD+LEFT))) {
		while(--size >= 0) {
			if (buf < end)
				*buf = ' ';
			++buf;
		}
	}
	/* sign */
	if (sign) {
		if (buf < end)
			*buf = sign;
		++buf;
	}
	/* "0x" / "0" prefix */
	if (need_pfx) {
		if (buf < end)
			*buf = '0';
		++buf;
		if (base == 16) {
			if (buf < end)
				*buf = ('X' | locase);
			++buf;
		}
	}
	/* zero or space padding */
	if (!(type & LEFT)) {
		char c = (type & ZEROPAD) ? '0' : ' ';
		while (--size >= 0) {
			if (buf < end)
				*buf = c;
			++buf;
		}
	}
	/* hmm even more zero padding? */
	while (i <= --precision) {
		if (buf < end)
			*buf = '0';
		++buf;
	}
	/* actual digits of result */
	while (--i >= 0) {
		if (buf < end)
			*buf = tmp[i];
		++buf;
	}
	/* trailing space padding */
	while (--size >= 0) {
		if (buf < end)
			*buf = ' ';
		++buf;
	}
	return buf;
}

static char *string(char *buf, char *end, char *s, int field_width, int precision, int flags)
{
	int len, i;

	if ((unsigned long)s < PAGE_SIZE)
		s = "<NULL>";

	len = strnlen(s, precision);

	if (!(flags & LEFT)) {
		while (len < field_width--) {
			if (buf < end)
				*buf = ' ';
			++buf;
		}
	}
	for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
		if (buf < end)
			*buf = *s;
		++buf; ++s;
	}
	while (len < field_width--) {
		if (buf < end)
			*buf = ' ';
		++buf;
	}
	return buf;
}

static char *pointer(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr, int field_width, int precision, int flags)
{
	flags |= SMALL;
	if (field_width == -1) {
		field_width = 2*sizeof(void *);
		flags |= ZEROPAD;
	}
	return number(buf, end, (unsigned long) ptr, 16, field_width, precision, flags);
}

/**
 * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
 * @fmt: The format string to use
 * @args: Arguments for the format string
 *
 * The return value is the number of characters which would
 * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
 * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
 * number of characters written into @buf as return value
 * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
 * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
 * string is truncated.
 *
 * Call this function if you are already dealing with a va_list.
 * You probably want snprintf() instead.
 */
int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
{
	unsigned long long num;
	int base;
	char *str, *end, c;

	int flags;		/* flags to number() */

	int field_width;	/* width of output field */
	int precision;		/* min. # of digits for integers; max
				   number of chars for from string */
	int qualifier;		/* 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields */
				/* 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H.    */
				/* 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99 */
				/* 't' added for ptrdiff_t */

	/* Reject out-of-range values early.  Large positive sizes are
	   used for unknown buffer sizes. */
	if (unlikely((int) size < 0)) {
		/* There can be only one.. */
		static char warn = 1;
		WARN_ON(warn);
		warn = 0;
		return 0;
	}

	str = buf;
	end = buf + size;

	/* Make sure end is always >= buf */
	if (end < buf) {
		end = ((void *)-1);
		size = end - buf;
	}

	for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) {
		if (*fmt != '%') {
			if (str < end)
				*str = *fmt;
			++str;
			continue;
		}

		/* process flags */
		flags = 0;
		repeat:
			++fmt;		/* this also skips first '%' */
			switch (*fmt) {
				case '-': flags |= LEFT; goto repeat;
				case '+': flags |= PLUS; goto repeat;
				case ' ': flags |= SPACE; goto repeat;
				case '#': flags |= SPECIAL; goto repeat;
				case '0': flags |= ZEROPAD; goto repeat;
			}

		/* get field width */
		field_width = -1;
		if (isdigit(*fmt))
			field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
		else if (*fmt == '*') {
			++fmt;
			/* it's the next argument */
			field_width = va_arg(args, int);
			if (field_width < 0) {
				field_width = -field_width;
				flags |= LEFT;
			}
		}

		/* get the precision */
		precision = -1;
		if (*fmt == '.') {
			++fmt;	
			if (isdigit(*fmt))
				precision = skip_atoi(&fmt);
			else if (*fmt == '*') {
				++fmt;
				/* it's the next argument */
				precision = va_arg(args, int);
			}
			if (precision < 0)
				precision = 0;
		}

		/* get the conversion qualifier */
		qualifier = -1;
		if (*fmt == 'h' || *fmt == 'l' || *fmt == 'L' ||
		    *fmt =='Z' || *fmt == 'z' || *fmt == 't') {
			qualifier = *fmt;
			++fmt;
			if (qualifier == 'l' && *fmt == 'l') {
				qualifier = 'L';
				++fmt;
			}
		}

		/* default base */
		base = 10;

		switch (*fmt) {
			case 'c':
				if (!(flags & LEFT)) {
					while (--field_width > 0) {
						if (str < end)
							*str = ' ';
						++str;
					}
				}
				c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
				if (str < end)
					*str = c;
				++str;
				while (--field_width > 0) {
					if (str < end)
						*str = ' ';
					++str;
				}
				continue;

			case 's':
				str = string(str, end, va_arg(args, char *), field_width, precision, flags);
				continue;

			case 'p':
				str = pointer(str, end, va_arg(args, void *), field_width, precision, flags);
				continue;

			case 'n':
				/* FIXME:
				* What does C99 say about the overflow case here? */
				if (qualifier == 'l') {
					long * ip = va_arg(args, long *);
					*ip = (str - buf);
				} else if (qualifier == 'Z' || qualifier == 'z') {
					size_t * ip = va_arg(args, size_t *);
					*ip = (str - buf);
				} else {
					int * ip = va_arg(args, int *);
					*ip = (str - buf);
				}
				continue;

			case '%':
				if (str < end)
					*str = '%';
				++str;
				continue;

				/* integer number formats - set up the flags and "break" */
			case 'o':
				base = 8;
				break;

			case 'x':
				flags |= SMALL;
			case 'X':
				base = 16;
				break;

			case 'd':
			case 'i':
				flags |= SIGN;
			case 'u':
				break;

			default:
				if (str < end)
					*str = '%';
				++str;
				if (*fmt) {
					if (str < end)
						*str = *fmt;
					++str;
				} else {
					--fmt;
				}
				continue;
		}
		if (qualifier == 'L')
			num = va_arg(args, long long);
		else if (qualifier == 'l') {
			num = va_arg(args, unsigned long);
			if (flags & SIGN)
				num = (signed long) num;
		} else if (qualifier == 'Z' || qualifier == 'z') {
			num = va_arg(args, size_t);
		} else if (qualifier == 't') {
			num = va_arg(args, ptrdiff_t);
		} else if (qualifier == 'h') {
			num = (unsigned short) va_arg(args, int);
			if (flags & SIGN)
				num = (signed short) num;
		} else {
			num = va_arg(args, unsigned int);
			if (flags & SIGN)
				num = (signed int) num;
		}
		str = number(str, end, num, base,
				field_width, precision, flags);
	}
	if (size > 0) {
		if (str < end)
			*str = '\0';
		else
			end[-1] = '\0';
	}
	/* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
	return str-buf;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsnprintf);

/**
 * vscnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
 * @fmt: The format string to use
 * @args: Arguments for the format string
 *
 * The return value is the number of characters which have been written into
 * the @buf not including the trailing '\0'. If @size is <= 0 the function
 * returns 0.
 *
 * Call this function if you are already dealing with a va_list.
 * You probably want scnprintf() instead.
 */
int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
{
	int i;

	i=vsnprintf(buf,size,fmt,args);
	return (i >= size) ? (size - 1) : i;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(vscnprintf);

/**
 * snprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
 * @fmt: The format string to use
 * @...: Arguments for the format string
 *
 * The return value is the number of characters which would be
 * generated for the given input, excluding the trailing null,
 * as per ISO C99.  If the return is greater than or equal to
 * @size, the resulting string is truncated.
 */
int snprintf(char * buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list args;
	int i;

	va_start(args, fmt);
	i=vsnprintf(buf,size,fmt,args);
	va_end(args);
	return i;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(snprintf);

/**
 * scnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
 * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
 * @fmt: The format string to use
 * @...: Arguments for the format string
 *
 * The return value is the number of characters written into @buf not including
 * the trailing '\0'. If @size is <= 0 the function returns 0.
 */

int scnprintf(char * buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list args;
	int i;

	va_start(args, fmt);
	i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
	va_end(args);
	return (i >= size) ? (size - 1) : i;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(scnprintf);

/**
 * vsprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
 * @fmt: The format string to use
 * @args: Arguments for the format string
 *
 * The function returns the number of characters written
 * into @buf. Use vsnprintf() or vscnprintf() in order to avoid
 * buffer overflows.
 *
 * Call this function if you are already dealing with a va_list.
 * You probably want sprintf() instead.
 */
int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
{
	return vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsprintf);

/**
 * sprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
 * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
 * @fmt: The format string to use
 * @...: Arguments for the format string
 *
 * The function returns the number of characters written
 * into @buf. Use snprintf() or scnprintf() in order to avoid
 * buffer overflows.
 */
int sprintf(char * buf, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list args;
	int i;

	va_start(args, fmt);
	i=vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
	va_end(args);
	return i;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(sprintf);

/**
 * vsscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
 * @buf:	input buffer
 * @fmt:	format of buffer
 * @args:	arguments
 */
int vsscanf(const char * buf, const char * fmt, va_list args)
{
	const char *str = buf;
	char *next;
	char digit;
	int num = 0;
	int qualifier;
	int base;
	int field_width;
	int is_sign = 0;

	while(*fmt && *str) {
		/* skip any white space in format */
		/* white space in format matchs any amount of
		 * white space, including none, in the input.
		 */
		if (isspace(*fmt)) {
			while (isspace(*fmt))
				++fmt;
			while (isspace(*str))
				++str;
		}

		/* anything that is not a conversion must match exactly */
		if (*fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
			if (*fmt++ != *str++)
				break;
			continue;
		}

		if (!*fmt)
			break;
		++fmt;
		
		/* skip this conversion.
		 * advance both strings to next white space
		 */
		if (*fmt == '*') {
			while (!isspace(*fmt) && *fmt)
				fmt++;
			while (!isspace(*str) && *str)
				str++;
			continue;
		}

		/* get field width */
		field_width = -1;
		if (isdigit(*fmt))
			field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);

		/* get conversion qualifier */
		qualifier = -1;
		if (*fmt == 'h' || *fmt == 'l' || *fmt == 'L' ||
		    *fmt == 'Z' || *fmt == 'z') {
			qualifier = *fmt++;
			if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
				if (qualifier == 'h') {
					qualifier = 'H';
					fmt++;
				} else if (qualifier == 'l') {
					qualifier = 'L';
					fmt++;
				}
			}
		}
		base = 10;
		is_sign = 0;

		if (!*fmt || !*str)
			break;

		switch(*fmt++) {
		case 'c':
		{
			char *s = (char *) va_arg(args,char*);
			if (field_width == -1)
				field_width = 1;
			do {
				*s++ = *str++;
			} while (--field_width > 0 && *str);
			num++;
		}
		continue;
		case 's':
		{
			char *s = (char *) va_arg(args, char *);
			if(field_width == -1)
				field_width = INT_MAX;
			/* first, skip leading white space in buffer */
			while (isspace(*str))
				str++;

			/* now copy until next white space */
			while (*str && !isspace(*str) && field_width--) {
				*s++ = *str++;
			}
			*s = '\0';
			num++;
		}
		continue;
		case 'n':
			/* return number of characters read so far */
		{
			int *i = (int *)va_arg(args,int*);
			*i = str - buf;
		}
		continue;
		case 'o':
			base = 8;
			break;
		case 'x':
		case 'X':
			base = 16;
			break;
		case 'i':
                        base = 0;
		case 'd':
			is_sign = 1;
		case 'u':
			break;
		case '%':
			/* looking for '%' in str */
			if (*str++ != '%') 
				return num;
			continue;
		default:
			/* invalid format; stop here */
			return num;
		}

		/* have some sort of integer conversion.
		 * first, skip white space in buffer.
		 */
		while (isspace(*str))
			str++;

		digit = *str;
		if (is_sign && digit == '-')
			digit = *(str + 1);

		if (!digit
                    || (base == 16 && !isxdigit(digit))
                    || (base == 10 && !isdigit(digit))
                    || (base == 8 && (!isdigit(digit) || digit > '7'))
                    || (base == 0 && !isdigit(digit)))
				break;

		switch(qualifier) {
		case 'H':	/* that's 'hh' in format */
			if (is_sign) {
				signed char *s = (signed char *) va_arg(args,signed char *);
				*s = (signed char) simple_strtol(str,&next,base);
			} else {
				unsigned char *s = (unsigned char *) va_arg(args, unsigned char *);
				*s = (unsigned char) simple_strtoul(str, &next, base);
			}
			break;
		case 'h':
			if (is_sign) {
				short *s = (short *) va_arg(args,short *);
				*s = (short) simple_strtol(str,&next,base);
			} else {
				unsigned short *s = (unsigned short *) va_arg(args, unsigned short *);
				*s = (unsigned short) simple_strtoul(str, &next, base);
			}
			break;
		case 'l':
			if (is_sign) {
				long *l = (long *) va_arg(args,long *);
				*l = simple_strtol(str,&next,base);
			} else {
				unsigned long *l = (unsigned long*) va_arg(args,unsigned long*);
				*l = simple_strtoul(str,&next,base);
			}
			break;
		case 'L':
			if (is_sign) {
				long long *l = (long long*) va_arg(args,long long *);
				*l = simple_strtoll(str,&next,base);
			} else {
				unsigned long long *l = (unsigned long long*) va_arg(args,unsigned long long*);
				*l = simple_strtoull(str,&next,base);
			}
			break;
		case 'Z':
		case 'z':
		{
			size_t *s = (size_t*) va_arg(args,size_t*);
			*s = (size_t) simple_strtoul(str,&next,base);
		}
		break;
		default:
			if (is_sign) {
				int *i = (int *) va_arg(args, int*);
				*i = (int) simple_strtol(str,&next,base);
			} else {
				unsigned int *i = (unsigned int*) va_arg(args, unsigned int*);
				*i = (unsigned int) simple_strtoul(str,&next,base);
			}
			break;
		}
		num++;

		if (!next)
			break;
		str = next;
	}

	/*
	 * Now we've come all the way through so either the input string or the
	 * format ended. In the former case, there can be a %n at the current
	 * position in the format that needs to be filled.
	 */
	if (*fmt == '%' && *(fmt + 1) == 'n') {
		int *p = (int *)va_arg(args, int *);
		*p = str - buf;
	}

	return num;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsscanf);

/**
 * sscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
 * @buf:	input buffer
 * @fmt:	formatting of buffer
 * @...:	resulting arguments
 */
int sscanf(const char * buf, const char * fmt, ...)
{
	va_list args;
	int i;

	va_start(args,fmt);
	i = vsscanf(buf,fmt,args);
	va_end(args);
	return i;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(sscanf);