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-====================================
-Getting Started with the LLVM System
-====================================
-
-.. contents::
- :local:
-
-Overview
-========
-
-Welcome to the LLVM project! In order to get started, you first need to know
-some basic information.
-
-First, the LLVM project has multiple components. The core of the project is
-itself called "LLVM". This contains all of the tools, libraries, and header
-files needed to process an intermediate representation and convert it into
-object files. It contains an assembler, disassembler, bitcode analyzer and
-bitcode optimizer. It also contains basic regression tests.
-
-Another piece is the `Clang <http://clang.llvm.org/>`_ front end. This
-component compiles C, C++, Objective C, and Objective C++ code into LLVM bitcode
--- and from there into object files, using LLVM.
-
-There are other components as well:
-the `libc++ C++ standard library <https://libcxx.llvm.org>`_,
-the `LLD linker <https://lld.llvm.org>`_, and more.
-
-Getting Started Quickly (A Summary)
-===================================
-
-The LLVM Getting Started documentation may be out of date. So, the `Clang
-Getting Started <http://clang.llvm.org/get_started.html>`_ page might also be a
-good place to start.
-
-Here's the short story for getting up and running quickly with LLVM:
-
-#. Read the documentation.
-#. Read the documentation.
-#. Remember that you were warned twice about reading the documentation.
-
-#. Checkout LLVM (including related subprojects like Clang):
-
- * ``git clone https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git``
- * Or, on windows, ``git clone --config core.autocrlf=false
- https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git``
-
-#. Configure and build LLVM and Clang:.
-
- * ``cd llvm-project``
- * ``mkdir build``
- * ``cd build``
- * ``cmake -G <generator> [options] ../llvm``
-
- Some common generators are:
-
- * ``Ninja`` --- for generating `Ninja <https://ninja-build.org>`_
- build files. Most llvm developers use Ninja.
- * ``Unix Makefiles`` --- for generating make-compatible parallel makefiles.
- * ``Visual Studio`` --- for generating Visual Studio projects and
- solutions.
- * ``Xcode`` --- for generating Xcode projects.
-
- Some Common options:
-
- * ``-DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS='...'`` --- semicolon-separated list of the LLVM
- subprojects you'd like to additionally build. Can include any of: clang,
- libcxx, libcxxabi, libunwind, lldb, compiler-rt, lld, polly, or
- debuginfo-tests.
-
- For example, to build LLVM, Clang, libcxx, and libcxxabi, use
- ``-DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang;libcxx;libcxxabi"``.
-
- * ``-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=directory`` --- Specify for *directory* the full
- pathname of where you want the LLVM tools and libraries to be installed
- (default ``/usr/local``).
-
- * ``-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=type`` --- Valid options for *type* are Debug,
- Release, RelWithDebInfo, and MinSizeRel. Default is Debug.
-
- * ``-DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=On`` --- Compile with assertion checks enabled
- (default is Yes for Debug builds, No for all other build types).
-
- * Run your build tool of choice!
-
- * The default target (i.e. ``ninja`` or ``make``) will build all of LLVM.
-
- * The ``check-all`` target (i.e. ``ninja check-all``) will run the
- regression tests to ensure everything is in working order.
-
- * CMake will generate build targets for each tool and library, and most
- LLVM sub-projects generate their own ``check-<project>`` target.
-
- * Running a serial build will be *slow*. Make sure you run a parallel
- build. That's already done by default in Ninja; for ``make``, use
- ``make -j NNN`` (with an appropriate value of NNN, e.g. number of CPUs
- you have.)
-
- * For more information see `CMake <CMake.html>`_
-
- * If you get an "internal compiler error (ICE)" or test failures, see
- `below`_.
-
-Consult the `Getting Started with LLVM`_ section for detailed information on
-configuring and compiling LLVM. Go to `Directory Layout`_ to learn about the
-layout of the source code tree.
-
-Requirements
-============
-
-Before you begin to use the LLVM system, review the requirements given below.
-This may save you some trouble by knowing ahead of time what hardware and
-software you will need.
-
-Hardware
---------
-
-LLVM is known to work on the following host platforms:
-
-================== ===================== =============
-OS Arch Compilers
-================== ===================== =============
-Linux x86\ :sup:`1` GCC, Clang
-Linux amd64 GCC, Clang
-Linux ARM GCC, Clang
-Linux PowerPC GCC, Clang
-Solaris V9 (Ultrasparc) GCC
-FreeBSD x86\ :sup:`1` GCC, Clang
-FreeBSD amd64 GCC, Clang
-NetBSD x86\ :sup:`1` GCC, Clang
-NetBSD amd64 GCC, Clang
-MacOS X\ :sup:`2` PowerPC GCC
-MacOS X x86 GCC, Clang
-Cygwin/Win32 x86\ :sup:`1, 3` GCC
-Windows x86\ :sup:`1` Visual Studio
-Windows x64 x86-64 Visual Studio
-================== ===================== =============
-
-.. note::
-
- #. Code generation supported for Pentium processors and up
- #. Code generation supported for 32-bit ABI only
- #. To use LLVM modules on Win32-based system, you may configure LLVM
- with ``-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=On``.
-
-Note that Debug builds require a lot of time and disk space. An LLVM-only build
-will need about 1-3 GB of space. A full build of LLVM and Clang will need around
-15-20 GB of disk space. The exact space requirements will vary by system. (It
-is so large because of all the debugging information and the fact that the
-libraries are statically linked into multiple tools).
-
-If you are space-constrained, you can build only selected tools or only
-selected targets. The Release build requires considerably less space.
-
-The LLVM suite *may* compile on other platforms, but it is not guaranteed to do
-so. If compilation is successful, the LLVM utilities should be able to
-assemble, disassemble, analyze, and optimize LLVM bitcode. Code generation
-should work as well, although the generated native code may not work on your
-platform.
-
-Software
---------
-
-Compiling LLVM requires that you have several software packages installed. The
-table below lists those required packages. The Package column is the usual name
-for the software package that LLVM depends on. The Version column provides
-"known to work" versions of the package. The Notes column describes how LLVM
-uses the package and provides other details.
-
-=========================================================== ============ ==========================================
-Package Version Notes
-=========================================================== ============ ==========================================
-`GNU Make <http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/make>`_ 3.79, 3.79.1 Makefile/build processor
-`GCC <http://gcc.gnu.org/>`_ >=5.1.0 C/C++ compiler\ :sup:`1`
-`python <http://www.python.org/>`_ >=2.7 Automated test suite\ :sup:`2`
-`zlib <http://zlib.net>`_ >=1.2.3.4 Compression library\ :sup:`3`
-=========================================================== ============ ==========================================
-
-.. note::
-
- #. Only the C and C++ languages are needed so there's no need to build the
- other languages for LLVM's purposes. See `below` for specific version
- info.
- #. Only needed if you want to run the automated test suite in the
- ``llvm/test`` directory.
- #. Optional, adds compression / uncompression capabilities to selected LLVM
- tools.
-
-Additionally, your compilation host is expected to have the usual plethora of
-Unix utilities. Specifically:
-
-* **ar** --- archive library builder
-* **bzip2** --- bzip2 command for distribution generation
-* **bunzip2** --- bunzip2 command for distribution checking
-* **chmod** --- change permissions on a file
-* **cat** --- output concatenation utility
-* **cp** --- copy files
-* **date** --- print the current date/time
-* **echo** --- print to standard output
-* **egrep** --- extended regular expression search utility
-* **find** --- find files/dirs in a file system
-* **grep** --- regular expression search utility
-* **gzip** --- gzip command for distribution generation
-* **gunzip** --- gunzip command for distribution checking
-* **install** --- install directories/files
-* **mkdir** --- create a directory
-* **mv** --- move (rename) files
-* **ranlib** --- symbol table builder for archive libraries
-* **rm** --- remove (delete) files and directories
-* **sed** --- stream editor for transforming output
-* **sh** --- Bourne shell for make build scripts
-* **tar** --- tape archive for distribution generation
-* **test** --- test things in file system
-* **unzip** --- unzip command for distribution checking
-* **zip** --- zip command for distribution generation
-
-.. _below:
-.. _check here:
-
-Host C++ Toolchain, both Compiler and Standard Library
-------------------------------------------------------
-
-LLVM is very demanding of the host C++ compiler, and as such tends to expose
-bugs in the compiler. We also attempt to follow improvements and developments in
-the C++ language and library reasonably closely. As such, we require a modern
-host C++ toolchain, both compiler and standard library, in order to build LLVM.
-
-LLVM is written using the subset of C++ documented in :doc:`coding
-standards<CodingStandards>`. To enforce this language version, we check the most
-popular host toolchains for specific minimum versions in our build systems:
-
-* Clang 3.5
-* Apple Clang 6.0
-* GCC 5.1
-* Visual Studio 2017
-
-The below versions currently soft-error as we transition to the new compiler
-versions listed above. The LLVM codebase is currently known to compile correctly
-with the following compilers, though this will change in the near future:
-
-* Clang 3.1
-* Apple Clang 3.1
-* GCC 4.8
-* Visual Studio 2015 (Update 3)
-
-Anything older than these toolchains *may* work, but will require forcing the
-build system with a special option and is not really a supported host platform.
-Also note that older versions of these compilers have often crashed or
-miscompiled LLVM.
-
-For less widely used host toolchains such as ICC or xlC, be aware that a very
-recent version may be required to support all of the C++ features used in LLVM.
-
-We track certain versions of software that are *known* to fail when used as
-part of the host toolchain. These even include linkers at times.
-
-**GNU ld 2.16.X**. Some 2.16.X versions of the ld linker will produce very long
-warning messages complaining that some "``.gnu.linkonce.t.*``" symbol was
-defined in a discarded section. You can safely ignore these messages as they are
-erroneous and the linkage is correct. These messages disappear using ld 2.17.
-
-**GNU binutils 2.17**: Binutils 2.17 contains `a bug
-<http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3111>`__ which causes huge link
-times (minutes instead of seconds) when building LLVM. We recommend upgrading
-to a newer version (2.17.50.0.4 or later).
-
-**GNU Binutils 2.19.1 Gold**: This version of Gold contained `a bug
-<http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=9836>`__ which causes
-intermittent failures when building LLVM with position independent code. The
-symptom is an error about cyclic dependencies. We recommend upgrading to a
-newer version of Gold.
-
-Getting a Modern Host C++ Toolchain
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-This section mostly applies to Linux and older BSDs. On Mac OS X, you should
-have a sufficiently modern Xcode, or you will likely need to upgrade until you
-do. Windows does not have a "system compiler", so you must install either Visual
-Studio 2015 or a recent version of mingw64. FreeBSD 10.0 and newer have a modern
-Clang as the system compiler.
-
-However, some Linux distributions and some other or older BSDs sometimes have
-extremely old versions of GCC. These steps attempt to help you upgrade you
-compiler even on such a system. However, if at all possible, we encourage you
-to use a recent version of a distribution with a modern system compiler that
-meets these requirements. Note that it is tempting to install a prior
-version of Clang and libc++ to be the host compiler, however libc++ was not
-well tested or set up to build on Linux until relatively recently. As
-a consequence, this guide suggests just using libstdc++ and a modern GCC as the
-initial host in a bootstrap, and then using Clang (and potentially libc++).
-
-The first step is to get a recent GCC toolchain installed. The most common
-distribution on which users have struggled with the version requirements is
-Ubuntu Precise, 12.04 LTS. For this distribution, one easy option is to install
-the `toolchain testing PPA`_ and use it to install a modern GCC. There is
-a really nice discussions of this on the `ask ubuntu stack exchange`_ and a
-`github gist`_ with updated commands. However, not all users can use PPAs and
-there are many other distributions, so it may be necessary (or just useful, if
-you're here you *are* doing compiler development after all) to build and install
-GCC from source. It is also quite easy to do these days.
-
-.. _toolchain testing PPA:
- https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-toolchain-r/+archive/test
-.. _ask ubuntu stack exchange:
- https://askubuntu.com/questions/466651/how-do-i-use-the-latest-gcc-on-ubuntu/581497#58149
-.. _github gist:
- https://gist.github.com/application2000/73fd6f4bf1be6600a2cf9f56315a2d91
-
-Easy steps for installing GCC 5.1.0:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % gcc_version=5.1.0
- % wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-${gcc_version}/gcc-${gcc_version}.tar.bz2
- % wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-${gcc_version}/gcc-${gcc_version}.tar.bz2.sig
- % wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gnu-keyring.gpg
- % signature_invalid=`gpg --verify --no-default-keyring --keyring ./gnu-keyring.gpg gcc-${gcc_version}.tar.bz2.sig`
- % if [ $signature_invalid ]; then echo "Invalid signature" ; exit 1 ; fi
- % tar -xvjf gcc-${gcc_version}.tar.bz2
- % cd gcc-${gcc_version}
- % ./contrib/download_prerequisites
- % cd ..
- % mkdir gcc-${gcc_version}-build
- % cd gcc-${gcc_version}-build
- % $PWD/../gcc-${gcc_version}/configure --prefix=$HOME/toolchains --enable-languages=c,c++
- % make -j$(nproc)
- % make install
-
-For more details, check out the excellent `GCC wiki entry`_, where I got most
-of this information from.
-
-.. _GCC wiki entry:
- https://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/InstallingGCC
-
-Once you have a GCC toolchain, configure your build of LLVM to use the new
-toolchain for your host compiler and C++ standard library. Because the new
-version of libstdc++ is not on the system library search path, you need to pass
-extra linker flags so that it can be found at link time (``-L``) and at runtime
-(``-rpath``). If you are using CMake, this invocation should produce working
-binaries:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % mkdir build
- % cd build
- % CC=$HOME/toolchains/bin/gcc CXX=$HOME/toolchains/bin/g++ \
- cmake .. -DCMAKE_CXX_LINK_FLAGS="-Wl,-rpath,$HOME/toolchains/lib64 -L$HOME/toolchains/lib64"
-
-If you fail to set rpath, most LLVM binaries will fail on startup with a message
-from the loader similar to ``libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.20' not
-found``. This means you need to tweak the -rpath linker flag.
-
-When you build Clang, you will need to give *it* access to modern C++
-standard library in order to use it as your new host in part of a bootstrap.
-There are two easy ways to do this, either build (and install) libc++ along
-with Clang and then use it with the ``-stdlib=libc++`` compile and link flag,
-or install Clang into the same prefix (``$HOME/toolchains`` above) as GCC.
-Clang will look within its own prefix for libstdc++ and use it if found. You
-can also add an explicit prefix for Clang to look in for a GCC toolchain with
-the ``--gcc-toolchain=/opt/my/gcc/prefix`` flag, passing it to both compile and
-link commands when using your just-built-Clang to bootstrap.
-
-.. _Getting Started with LLVM:
-
-Getting Started with LLVM
-=========================
-
-The remainder of this guide is meant to get you up and running with LLVM and to
-give you some basic information about the LLVM environment.
-
-The later sections of this guide describe the `general layout`_ of the LLVM
-source tree, a `simple example`_ using the LLVM tool chain, and `links`_ to find
-more information about LLVM or to get help via e-mail.
-
-Terminology and Notation
-------------------------
-
-Throughout this manual, the following names are used to denote paths specific to
-the local system and working environment. *These are not environment variables
-you need to set but just strings used in the rest of this document below*. In
-any of the examples below, simply replace each of these names with the
-appropriate pathname on your local system. All these paths are absolute:
-
-``SRC_ROOT``
-
- This is the top level directory of the LLVM source tree.
-
-``OBJ_ROOT``
-
- This is the top level directory of the LLVM object tree (i.e. the tree where
- object files and compiled programs will be placed. It can be the same as
- SRC_ROOT).
-
-Unpacking the LLVM Archives
----------------------------
-
-If you have the LLVM distribution, you will need to unpack it before you can
-begin to compile it. LLVM is distributed as a number of different
-subprojects. Each one has its own download which is a TAR archive that is
-compressed with the gzip program.
-
-The files are as follows, with *x.y* marking the version number:
-
-``llvm-x.y.tar.gz``
-
- Source release for the LLVM libraries and tools.
-
-``cfe-x.y.tar.gz``
-
- Source release for the Clang frontend.
-
-.. _checkout:
-
-Checkout LLVM from Git
-----------------------
-
-You can also checkout the source code for LLVM from Git. While the LLVM
-project's official source-code repository is Subversion, we are in the process
-of migrating to git. We currently recommend that all developers use Git for
-day-to-day development.
-
-.. note::
-
- Passing ``--config core.autocrlf=false`` should not be required in
- the future after we adjust the .gitattribute settings correctly, but
- is required for Windows users at the time of this writing.
-
-Simply run:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % git clone https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git`
-
-or on Windows,
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % git clone --config core.autocrlf=false https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git
-
-This will create an '``llvm-project``' directory in the current directory and
-fully populate it with all of the source code, test directories, and local
-copies of documentation files for LLVM and all the related subprojects. Note
-that unlike the tarballs, which contain each subproject in a separate file, the
-git repository contains all of the projects together.
-
-If you want to get a specific release (as opposed to the most recent revision),
-you can check out a tag after cloning the repository. E.g., `git checkout
-llvmorg-6.0.1` inside the ``llvm-project`` directory created by the above
-command. Use `git tag -l` to list all of them.
-
-Sending patches
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-Please read `Developer Policy <DeveloperPolicy.html#one-off-patches>`_, too.
-
-We don't currently accept github pull requests, so you'll need to send patches
-either via emailing to llvm-commits, or, preferably, via :ref:`Phabricator
-<phabricator-reviews>`.
-
-You'll generally want to make sure your branch has a single commit,
-corresponding to the review you wish to send, up-to-date with the upstream
-``origin/master`` branch, and doesn't contain merges. Once you have that, you
-can use ``git show`` or ``git format-patch`` to output the diff, and attach it
-to a Phabricator review (or to an email message).
-
-However, using the "Arcanist" tool is often easier. After `installing
-arcanist`_, you can upload the latest commit using:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % arc diff HEAD~1
-
-Additionally, before sending a patch for review, please also try to ensure it's
-formatted properly. We use ``clang-format`` for this, which has git integration
-through the ``git-clang-format`` script. On some systems, it may already be
-installed (or be installable via your package manager). If so, you can simply
-run it -- the following command will format only the code changed in the most
-recent commit:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % git clang-format HEAD~1
-
-Note that this modifies the files, but doesn't commit them -- you'll likely want
-to run
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % git commit --amend -a
-
-in order to update the last commit with all pending changes.
-
-.. note::
- If you don't already have ``clang-format`` or ``git clang-format`` installed
- on your system, the ``clang-format`` binary will be built alongside clang, and
- the git integration can be run from
- ``clang/tools/clang-format/git-clang-format``.
-
-
-.. _commit_from_git:
-
-For developers to commit changes from Git
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-A helper script is provided in ``llvm/utils/git-svn/git-llvm``. After you add it
-to your path, you can push committed changes upstream with ``git llvm
-push``. While this creates a Subversion checkout and patches it under the hood,
-it does not require you to have interaction with it.
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % export PATH=$PATH:$TOP_LEVEL_DIR/llvm-project/llvm/utils/git-svn/
- % git llvm push
-
-Within a couple minutes after pushing to subversion, the svn commit will have
-been converted back to a Git commit, and made its way into the official Git
-repository. At that point, ``git pull`` should get back the changes as they were
-committed.
-
-You'll likely want to ``git pull --rebase`` to get the official git commit
-downloaded back to your repository. The SVN revision numbers of each commit can
-be found at the end of the commit message, e.g. ``llvm-svn: 350914``.
-
-You may also find the ``-n`` flag useful, like ``git llvm push -n``. This runs
-through all the steps of committing _without_ actually doing the commit, and
-tell you what it would have done. That can be useful if you're unsure whether
-the right thing will happen.
-
-Checkout via SVN (deprecated)
-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-Until we have fully migrated to Git, you may also get a fresh copy of
-the code from the official Subversion repository.
-
-* ``cd where-you-want-llvm-to-live``
-* Read-Only: ``svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm``
-* Read-Write: ``svn co https://user@llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm``
-
-This will create an '``llvm``' directory in the current directory and fully
-populate it with the LLVM source code, Makefiles, test directories, and local
-copies of documentation files.
-
-If you want to get a specific release (as opposed to the most recent revision),
-you can check it out from the '``tags``' directory (instead of '``trunk``'). The
-following releases are located in the following subdirectories of the '``tags``'
-directory:
-
-* Release 3.5.0 and later: **RELEASE_350/final** and so on
-* Release 2.9 through 3.4: **RELEASE_29/final** and so on
-* Release 1.1 through 2.8: **RELEASE_11** and so on
-* Release 1.0: **RELEASE_1**
-
-Local LLVM Configuration
-------------------------
-
-Once checked out repository, the LLVM suite source code must be configured
-before being built. This process uses CMake. Unlinke the normal ``configure``
-script, CMake generates the build files in whatever format you request as well
-as various ``*.inc`` files, and ``llvm/include/Config/config.h``.
-
-Variables are passed to ``cmake`` on the command line using the format
-``-D<variable name>=<value>``. The following variables are some common options
-used by people developing LLVM.
-
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| Variable | Purpose |
-+=========================+====================================================+
-| CMAKE_C_COMPILER | Tells ``cmake`` which C compiler to use. By |
-| | default, this will be /usr/bin/cc. |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER | Tells ``cmake`` which C++ compiler to use. By |
-| | default, this will be /usr/bin/c++. |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE | Tells ``cmake`` what type of build you are trying |
-| | to generate files for. Valid options are Debug, |
-| | Release, RelWithDebInfo, and MinSizeRel. Default |
-| | is Debug. |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX | Specifies the install directory to target when |
-| | running the install action of the build files. |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| LLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD | A semicolon delimited list controlling which |
-| | targets will be built and linked into llvm. |
-| | The default list is defined as |
-| | ``LLVM_ALL_TARGETS``, and can be set to include |
-| | out-of-tree targets. The default value includes: |
-| | ``AArch64, AMDGPU, ARM, BPF, Hexagon, Mips, |
-| | MSP430, NVPTX, PowerPC, Sparc, SystemZ, X86, |
-| | XCore``. |
-| | |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| LLVM_ENABLE_DOXYGEN | Build doxygen-based documentation from the source |
-| | code This is disabled by default because it is |
-| | slow and generates a lot of output. |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| LLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS | A semicolon-delimited list selecting which of the |
-| | other LLVM subprojects to additionally build. (Only|
-| | effective when using a side-by-side project layout |
-| | e.g. via git). The default list is empty. Can |
-| | include: clang, libcxx, libcxxabi, libunwind, lldb,|
-| | compiler-rt, lld, polly, or debuginfo-tests. |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| LLVM_ENABLE_SPHINX | Build sphinx-based documentation from the source |
-| | code. This is disabled by default because it is |
-| | slow and generates a lot of output. Sphinx version |
-| | 1.5 or later recommended. |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| LLVM_BUILD_LLVM_DYLIB | Generate libLLVM.so. This library contains a |
-| | default set of LLVM components that can be |
-| | overridden with ``LLVM_DYLIB_COMPONENTS``. The |
-| | default contains most of LLVM and is defined in |
-| | ``tools/llvm-shlib/CMakelists.txt``. |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-| LLVM_OPTIMIZED_TABLEGEN | Builds a release tablegen that gets used during |
-| | the LLVM build. This can dramatically speed up |
-| | debug builds. |
-+-------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+
-
-To configure LLVM, follow these steps:
-
-#. Change directory into the object root directory:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % cd OBJ_ROOT
-
-#. Run the ``cmake``:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/install/path
- [other options] SRC_ROOT
-
-Compiling the LLVM Suite Source Code
-------------------------------------
-
-Unlike with autotools, with CMake your build type is defined at configuration.
-If you want to change your build type, you can re-run cmake with the following
-invocation:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=type SRC_ROOT
-
-Between runs, CMake preserves the values set for all options. CMake has the
-following build types defined:
-
-Debug
-
- These builds are the default. The build system will compile the tools and
- libraries unoptimized, with debugging information, and asserts enabled.
-
-Release
-
- For these builds, the build system will compile the tools and libraries
- with optimizations enabled and not generate debug info. CMakes default
- optimization level is -O3. This can be configured by setting the
- ``CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE`` variable on the CMake command line.
-
-RelWithDebInfo
-
- These builds are useful when debugging. They generate optimized binaries with
- debug information. CMakes default optimization level is -O2. This can be
- configured by setting the ``CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELWITHDEBINFO`` variable on the
- CMake command line.
-
-Once you have LLVM configured, you can build it by entering the *OBJ_ROOT*
-directory and issuing the following command:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % make
-
-If the build fails, please `check here`_ to see if you are using a version of
-GCC that is known not to compile LLVM.
-
-If you have multiple processors in your machine, you may wish to use some of the
-parallel build options provided by GNU Make. For example, you could use the
-command:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % make -j2
-
-There are several special targets which are useful when working with the LLVM
-source code:
-
-``make clean``
-
- Removes all files generated by the build. This includes object files,
- generated C/C++ files, libraries, and executables.
-
-``make install``
-
- Installs LLVM header files, libraries, tools, and documentation in a hierarchy
- under ``$PREFIX``, specified with ``CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX``, which
- defaults to ``/usr/local``.
-
-``make docs-llvm-html``
-
- If configured with ``-DLLVM_ENABLE_SPHINX=On``, this will generate a directory
- at ``OBJ_ROOT/docs/html`` which contains the HTML formatted documentation.
-
-Cross-Compiling LLVM
---------------------
-
-It is possible to cross-compile LLVM itself. That is, you can create LLVM
-executables and libraries to be hosted on a platform different from the platform
-where they are built (a Canadian Cross build). To generate build files for
-cross-compiling CMake provides a variable ``CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE`` which can
-define compiler flags and variables used during the CMake test operations.
-
-The result of such a build is executables that are not runnable on the build
-host but can be executed on the target. As an example the following CMake
-invocation can generate build files targeting iOS. This will work on Mac OS X
-with the latest Xcode:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % cmake -G "Ninja" -DCMAKE_OSX_ARCHITECTURES="armv7;armv7s;arm64"
- -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=<PATH_TO_LLVM>/cmake/platforms/iOS.cmake
- -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DLLVM_BUILD_RUNTIME=Off -DLLVM_INCLUDE_TESTS=Off
- -DLLVM_INCLUDE_EXAMPLES=Off -DLLVM_ENABLE_BACKTRACES=Off [options]
- <PATH_TO_LLVM>
-
-Note: There are some additional flags that need to be passed when building for
-iOS due to limitations in the iOS SDK.
-
-Check :doc:`HowToCrossCompileLLVM` and `Clang docs on how to cross-compile in general
-<http://clang.llvm.org/docs/CrossCompilation.html>`_ for more information
-about cross-compiling.
-
-The Location of LLVM Object Files
----------------------------------
-
-The LLVM build system is capable of sharing a single LLVM source tree among
-several LLVM builds. Hence, it is possible to build LLVM for several different
-platforms or configurations using the same source tree.
-
-* Change directory to where the LLVM object files should live:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % cd OBJ_ROOT
-
-* Run ``cmake``:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" SRC_ROOT
-
-The LLVM build will create a structure underneath *OBJ_ROOT* that matches the
-LLVM source tree. At each level where source files are present in the source
-tree there will be a corresponding ``CMakeFiles`` directory in the *OBJ_ROOT*.
-Underneath that directory there is another directory with a name ending in
-``.dir`` under which you'll find object files for each source.
-
-For example:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % cd llvm_build_dir
- % find lib/Support/ -name APFloat*
- lib/Support/CMakeFiles/LLVMSupport.dir/APFloat.cpp.o
-
-Optional Configuration Items
-----------------------------
-
-If you're running on a Linux system that supports the `binfmt_misc
-<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/binfmt_misc>`_
-module, and you have root access on the system, you can set your system up to
-execute LLVM bitcode files directly. To do this, use commands like this (the
-first command may not be required if you are already using the module):
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % mount -t binfmt_misc none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
- % echo ':llvm:M::BC::/path/to/lli:' > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register
- % chmod u+x hello.bc (if needed)
- % ./hello.bc
-
-This allows you to execute LLVM bitcode files directly. On Debian, you can also
-use this command instead of the 'echo' command above:
-
-.. code-block:: console
-
- % sudo update-binfmts --install llvm /path/to/lli --magic 'BC'
-
-.. _Program Layout:
-.. _general layout:
-
-Directory Layout
-================
-
-One useful source of information about the LLVM source base is the LLVM `doxygen
-<http://www.doxygen.org/>`_ documentation available at
-`<http://llvm.org/doxygen/>`_. The following is a brief introduction to code
-layout:
-
-``llvm/examples``
------------------
-
-Simple examples using the LLVM IR and JIT.
-
-``llvm/include``
-----------------
-
-Public header files exported from the LLVM library. The three main subdirectories:
-
-``llvm/include/llvm``
-
- All LLVM-specific header files, and subdirectories for different portions of
- LLVM: ``Analysis``, ``CodeGen``, ``Target``, ``Transforms``, etc...
-
-``llvm/include/llvm/Support``
-
- Generic support libraries provided with LLVM but not necessarily specific to
- LLVM. For example, some C++ STL utilities and a Command Line option processing
- library store header files here.
-
-``llvm/include/llvm/Config``
-
- Header files configured by ``cmake``. They wrap "standard" UNIX and
- C header files. Source code can include these header files which
- automatically take care of the conditional #includes that ``cmake``
- generates.
-
-``llvm/lib``
-------------
-
-Most source files are here. By putting code in libraries, LLVM makes it easy to
-share code among the `tools`_.
-
-``llvm/lib/IR/``
-
- Core LLVM source files that implement core classes like Instruction and
- BasicBlock.
-
-``llvm/lib/AsmParser/``
-
- Source code for the LLVM assembly language parser library.
-
-``llvm/lib/Bitcode/``
-
- Code for reading and writing bitcode.
-
-``llvm/lib/Analysis/``
-
- A variety of program analyses, such as Call Graphs, Induction Variables,
- Natural Loop Identification, etc.
-
-``llvm/lib/Transforms/``
-
- IR-to-IR program transformations, such as Aggressive Dead Code Elimination,
- Sparse Conditional Constant Propagation, Inlining, Loop Invariant Code Motion,
- Dead Global Elimination, and many others.
-
-``llvm/lib/Target/``
-
- Files describing target architectures for code generation. For example,
- ``llvm/lib/Target/X86`` holds the X86 machine description.
-
-``llvm/lib/CodeGen/``
-
- The major parts of the code generator: Instruction Selector, Instruction
- Scheduling, and Register Allocation.
-
-``llvm/lib/MC/``
-
- (FIXME: T.B.D.) ....?
-
-``llvm/lib/ExecutionEngine/``
-
- Libraries for directly executing bitcode at runtime in interpreted and
- JIT-compiled scenarios.
-
-``llvm/lib/Support/``
-
- Source code that corresponding to the header files in ``llvm/include/ADT/``
- and ``llvm/include/Support/``.
-
-``llvm/projects``
------------------
-
-Projects not strictly part of LLVM but shipped with LLVM. This is also the
-directory for creating your own LLVM-based projects which leverage the LLVM
-build system.
-
-``llvm/test``
--------------
-
-Feature and regression tests and other sanity checks on LLVM infrastructure. These
-are intended to run quickly and cover a lot of territory without being exhaustive.
-
-``test-suite``
---------------
-
-A comprehensive correctness, performance, and benchmarking test suite
-for LLVM. This comes in a ``separate git repository
-<https://github.com/llvm/llvm-test-suite>``, because it contains a
-large amount of third-party code under a variety of licenses. For
-details see the :doc:`Testing Guide <TestingGuide>` document.
-
-.. _tools:
-
-``llvm/tools``
---------------
-
-Executables built out of the libraries
-above, which form the main part of the user interface. You can always get help
-for a tool by typing ``tool_name -help``. The following is a brief introduction
-to the most important tools. More detailed information is in
-the `Command Guide <CommandGuide/index.html>`_.
-
-``bugpoint``
-
- ``bugpoint`` is used to debug optimization passes or code generation backends
- by narrowing down the given test case to the minimum number of passes and/or
- instructions that still cause a problem, whether it is a crash or
- miscompilation. See `<HowToSubmitABug.html>`_ for more information on using
- ``bugpoint``.
-
-``llvm-ar``
-
- The archiver produces an archive containing the given LLVM bitcode files,
- optionally with an index for faster lookup.
-
-``llvm-as``
-
- The assembler transforms the human readable LLVM assembly to LLVM bitcode.
-
-``llvm-dis``
-
- The disassembler transforms the LLVM bitcode to human readable LLVM assembly.
-
-``llvm-link``
-
- ``llvm-link``, not surprisingly, links multiple LLVM modules into a single
- program.
-
-``lli``
-
- ``lli`` is the LLVM interpreter, which can directly execute LLVM bitcode
- (although very slowly...). For architectures that support it (currently x86,
- Sparc, and PowerPC), by default, ``lli`` will function as a Just-In-Time
- compiler (if the functionality was compiled in), and will execute the code
- *much* faster than the interpreter.
-
-``llc``
-
- ``llc`` is the LLVM backend compiler, which translates LLVM bitcode to a
- native code assembly file.
-
-``opt``
-
- ``opt`` reads LLVM bitcode, applies a series of LLVM to LLVM transformations
- (which are specified on the command line), and outputs the resultant
- bitcode. '``opt -help``' is a good way to get a list of the
- program transformations available in LLVM.
-
- ``opt`` can also run a specific analysis on an input LLVM bitcode
- file and print the results. Primarily useful for debugging
- analyses, or familiarizing yourself with what an analysis does.
-
-``llvm/utils``
---------------
-
-Utilities for working with LLVM source code; some are part of the build process
-because they are code generators for parts of the infrastructure.
-
-
-``codegen-diff``
-
- ``codegen-diff`` finds differences between code that LLC
- generates and code that LLI generates. This is useful if you are
- debugging one of them, assuming that the other generates correct output. For
- the full user manual, run ```perldoc codegen-diff'``.
-
-``emacs/``
-
- Emacs and XEmacs syntax highlighting for LLVM assembly files and TableGen
- description files. See the ``README`` for information on using them.
-
-``getsrcs.sh``
-
- Finds and outputs all non-generated source files,
- useful if one wishes to do a lot of development across directories
- and does not want to find each file. One way to use it is to run,
- for example: ``xemacs `utils/getsources.sh``` from the top of the LLVM source
- tree.
-
-``llvmgrep``
-
- Performs an ``egrep -H -n`` on each source file in LLVM and
- passes to it a regular expression provided on ``llvmgrep``'s command
- line. This is an efficient way of searching the source base for a
- particular regular expression.
-
-``TableGen/``
-
- Contains the tool used to generate register
- descriptions, instruction set descriptions, and even assemblers from common
- TableGen description files.
-
-``vim/``
-
- vim syntax-highlighting for LLVM assembly files
- and TableGen description files. See the ``README`` for how to use them.
-
-.. _simple example:
-
-An Example Using the LLVM Tool Chain
-====================================
-
-This section gives an example of using LLVM with the Clang front end.
-
-Example with clang
-------------------
-
-#. First, create a simple C file, name it 'hello.c':
-
- .. code-block:: c
-
- #include <stdio.h>
-
- int main() {
- printf("hello world\n");
- return 0;
- }
-
-#. Next, compile the C file into a native executable:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % clang hello.c -o hello
-
- .. note::
-
- Clang works just like GCC by default. The standard -S and -c arguments
- work as usual (producing a native .s or .o file, respectively).
-
-#. Next, compile the C file into an LLVM bitcode file:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % clang -O3 -emit-llvm hello.c -c -o hello.bc
-
- The -emit-llvm option can be used with the -S or -c options to emit an LLVM
- ``.ll`` or ``.bc`` file (respectively) for the code. This allows you to use
- the `standard LLVM tools <CommandGuide/index.html>`_ on the bitcode file.
-
-#. Run the program in both forms. To run the program, use:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % ./hello
-
- and
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % lli hello.bc
-
- The second examples shows how to invoke the LLVM JIT, :doc:`lli
- <CommandGuide/lli>`.
-
-#. Use the ``llvm-dis`` utility to take a look at the LLVM assembly code:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % llvm-dis < hello.bc | less
-
-#. Compile the program to native assembly using the LLC code generator:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % llc hello.bc -o hello.s
-
-#. Assemble the native assembly language file into a program:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % /opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc -xarch=v9 hello.s -o hello.native # On Solaris
-
- % gcc hello.s -o hello.native # On others
-
-#. Execute the native code program:
-
- .. code-block:: console
-
- % ./hello.native
-
- Note that using clang to compile directly to native code (i.e. when the
- ``-emit-llvm`` option is not present) does steps 6/7/8 for you.
-
-Common Problems
-===============
-
-If you are having problems building or using LLVM, or if you have any other
-general questions about LLVM, please consult the `Frequently Asked
-Questions <FAQ.html>`_ page.
-
-.. _links:
-
-Links
-=====
-
-This document is just an **introduction** on how to use LLVM to do some simple
-things... there are many more interesting and complicated things that you can do
-that aren't documented here (but we'll gladly accept a patch if you want to
-write something up!). For more information about LLVM, check out:
-
-* `LLVM Homepage <http://llvm.org/>`_
-* `LLVM Doxygen Tree <http://llvm.org/doxygen/>`_
-* `Starting a Project that Uses LLVM <http://llvm.org/docs/Projects.html>`_
-
-.. _installing arcanist: https://secure.phabricator.com/book/phabricator/article/arcanist_quick_start/