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| author |   deraadt <deraadt@openbsd.org> | 2015-02-09 11:26:39 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | deraadt <deraadt@openbsd.org> | 2015-02-09 11:26:39 +0000 |
| commit | 7822bd5874d31dadc8c646b19f01d2e06c0e7ecf (patch) | |
| tree | 7a50a5a2578690de7c1bb9374ccd0d1b7f9e554a /lib/libc/time | |
| parent | there is really only word needed in this file. add it and remove the rest. (diff) | |
| download | wireguard-openbsd-7822bd5874d31dadc8c646b19f01d2e06c0e7ecf.tar.xz wireguard-openbsd-7822bd5874d31dadc8c646b19f01d2e06c0e7ecf.zip | |
search engines replaced these files a long TIME ago
Diffstat (limited to 'lib/libc/time')
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/libc/time/tz-art.htm | 492 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | lib/libc/time/tz-link.htm | 703 |
2 files changed, 0 insertions, 1195 deletions
diff --git a/lib/libc/time/tz-art.htm b/lib/libc/time/tz-art.htm deleted file mode 100644 index 7e57b6db749..00000000000 --- a/lib/libc/time/tz-art.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,492 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html -PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" -"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> -<html> -<head> -<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="US-ASCII"'> -<title>Time and the Arts</title> -</head> -<body> -<h1>Time and the Arts</h1> -<p> -This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of -2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. -</p> -<p> -Please send corrections to this web page to the -<a href="mailto:tz@iana.org">time zone mailing list</a>.</p> -<p> -See also <a href="tz-link.htm">Sources for Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time Data</a>.</p> -<hr> -<p> -Data on recordings of "Save That Time," Russ Long, Serrob Publishing, BMI:</p> -<table> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Karrin Allyson</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>I Didn't Know About You</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1993</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Concord Jazz, Inc.</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>CCD-4543</td></tr> -<tr><td>Track Time</td><td>3:44</td></tr> -<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Karrin Allyson, vocal; -Russ Long, piano; -Gerald Spaits, bass; -Todd Strait, drums</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>CD notes "additional lyric by Karrin Allyson; -arranged by Russ Long and Karrin Allyson"</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>1 star</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A1fdovw9ta92k">AMG Rating</a></td><td>4 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Kevin Mahogany</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Double Rainbow</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1993</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Enja Records</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>ENJ-7097 2</td></tr> -<tr><td>Track Time</td><td>6:27</td></tr> -<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Kevin Mahogany, vocal; -Kenny Barron, piano; -Ray Drummond, bass; -Ralph Moore, tenor saxophone; -Lewis Nash, drums</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>1.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=Akikbikzjbb19">AMG Rating</a></td><td>3 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Joe Williams</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Here's to Life</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1994</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Telarc International Corporation</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>CD-83357</td></tr> -<tr><td>Track Time</td><td>3:58</td></tr> -<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Joe Williams, vocal -The Robert Farnon [39 piece] Orchestra</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>This CD is also available as part of a 3-CD package from -Telarc, "Triple Play" (CD-83461)</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>black dot</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=Amyyvad6kt8w1">AMG Rating</a></td><td>2 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Charles Fambrough</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Keeper of the Spirit</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1995</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>AudioQuest Music</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>AQ-CD1033</td></tr> -<tr><td>Track Time</td><td>7:07</td></tr> -<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Charles Fambrough, bass; -Joel Levine, tenor recorder; -Edward Simon, piano; -Lenny White, drums; -Marion Simon, percussion</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>On-line information and samples available at -<a href="http://wwmusic.com/~music/audioq/rel/1033.html">http://wwmusic.com/~music/audioq/rel/1033.html</a></td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>2 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A5rkcikcjbb89">AMG Rating</a></td><td>unrated</td></tr> -<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr> -</table> -<hr> -<p>Also of note:</p> -<table> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Holly Cole Trio</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Blame It On My Youth</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1992</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Manhattan</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>CDP 7 97349 2</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>37:45</td></tr> -<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Holly Cole, voice; -Aaron Davis, piano; -David Piltch, string bass</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Lyrical reference to "Eastern Standard Time" in -Tom Waits' "Purple Avenue"</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>2.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A3a9ds37ya3dg">AMG Rating</a></td><td>3 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>unrated</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Milt Hinton</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Old Man Time</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1990</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Chiaroscuro</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>CR(D) 310</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>149:38 (two CDs)</td></tr> -<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Milt Hinton, bass; -Doc Cheatham, Dizzy Gillespie, Clark Terry, trumpet; -Al Grey, trombone; -Eddie Barefield, Joe Camel (Flip Phillips), Buddy Tate, -clarinet and saxophone; -John Bunch, Red Richards, Norman Simmons, Derek Smith, -Ralph Sutton, piano; -Danny Barker, Al Casey, guitar; -Gus Johnson, Gerryck King, Bob Rosengarden, Jackie Williams, -drums; -Lionel Hampton, vibraphone; -Cab Calloway, Joe Williams, vocal; -Buck Clayton, arrangements</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>tunes include Old Man Time, Time After Time, -Sometimes I'm Happy, -A Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight, -Four or Five Times, Now's the Time, -Time on My Hands, This Time It's Us, -and Good Time Charlie -On-line samples available at -<a href="http://www.chiaroscurojazz.com/albuminfo.php4?albumid=49">http://www.chiaroscurojazz.com/albuminfo.php3?albumid=49</a></td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A1cbyxdab8ola">AMG Rating</a></td><td>4.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Alan Broadbent</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Pacific Standard Time</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1995</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Concord Jazz, Inc.</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>CCD-4664</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>62:42</td></tr> -<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Alan Broadbent, piano; -Putter Smith, Bass; -Frank Gibson, Jr., drums</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>The CD cover features an analemma for equation-of-time fans</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>1 star</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=Asl8zefuk8gfo">AMG Rating</a></td><td>4 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>Penguin Rating</td><td>3.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Anthony Braxton/Richard Teitelbaum</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Silence/Time Zones</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1996</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Black Lion</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>BLCD 760221</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>72:58</td></tr> -<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Anthony Braxton, sopranino and alto saxophones, -contrebasse clarinet, miscellaneous instruments; -Leo Smith, trumpet and miscellaneous instruments; -Leroy Jenkins, violin and miscellaneous instruments; -Richard Teitelbaum, modular moog and micromoog synthesizer</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>black dot</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=A5bkvu3xjan1k">AMG Rating</a></td><td>unrated</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Charles Gayle</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Time Zones</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>2006</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Tompkins Square</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>TSQ2839</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>49:06</td></tr> -<tr><td>Personnel</td><td>Charles Gayle, piano</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>1 star</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:13rc28vw054a">AMG Rating</a></td><td>4.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>The Get Up Kids</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Eudora</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>2001</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Vagrant</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>357</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>65:12</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Includes the song "Central Standard Time." Thanks to Colin Bowern for this information.</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:7ddovwvla9xk">AMG Rating</a></td><td>2.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Coldplay</td></tr> -<tr><td>Song</td><td>Clocks</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>2003</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Capitol Records</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>52608</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>4:13</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Won the 2004 Record of the Year honor at the -Grammy Awards. Co-written and performed by Chris Martin, -great-great-grandson of DST inventor William Willett. The song's first -line is "Lights go out and I can't be saved".</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Irving Kahal and Harry Richman</td></tr> -<tr><td>Song</td><td>There Ought to be a Moonlight Saving Time</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1931</td> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>This musical standard was a #1 hit for Guy Lombardo -in 1931, and was also performed by Maurice Chevalier, Blossom Dearie -and many others. The phrase "Moonlight saving time" also appears in -the 1995 country song "Not Enough Hours in the Night" written by Aaron -Barker, Kim Williams and Rob Harbin and performed by Doug -Supernaw.</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>The Microscopic Septet</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Lobster Leaps In</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>2008</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Cuneiform</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>272</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>73:05</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Includes the song "Twilight Time Zone."</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:w9fpxzykldje">AMG Rating</a></td><td>3.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>2 stars</td></tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Bob Dylan</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>The Time They Are A-Changin'</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1964</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Columbia</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>CK-8905</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>45:36</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:gifqxqt5ld0e">AMG Rating</a></td><td>4.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>1.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes<td>The title song is also available on "Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits" and "The Essential Bob Dylan."</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Luciana Souza</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>Tide</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>2009</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Universal Jazz France</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>B0012688-02</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>42:31</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:3bftxzw0ldhe">AMG Rating</a></td><td>3.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>2.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes<td>Includes the song "Fire and Wood" with the lyric -"The clocks were turned back you remeber/Think it's still November." -</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Ken Nordine</td></tr> -<tr><td>CD</td><td>You're Getting Better: The Word Jazz Dot Masters</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>2005</td></tr> -<tr><td>Label</td><td>Geffen</td></tr> -<tr><td>ID</td><td>B0005171-02</td></tr> -<tr><td>Total Time</td><td>156:22</td></tr> -<tr><td>ADO Rating</td><td>1 star</td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="http://www.allmusic.com/album/youre-getting-better-the-word-jazz-dot-masters+r105931">AMG Rating</a></td><td>4.5 stars</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Includes the piece "What Time Is It" -("He knew what time it was everywhere...that counted").</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr><td>TV episode title</td><td>The Lost Hour</td> -<tr><td>TV series</td><td><em>Eerie, Indiana</em></td> -<tr><td>TV episode number</td><td>10</td> -<tr><td>Network</td><td>NBC</td> -<tr><td>Air date</td><td>1991-12-01</td> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Despite Indiana's then-lack of DST, Marshall changes his clock with unusual consequences.</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr><td>TV episode title</td><td>Time Tunnel</td> -<tr><td>TV series</td><td><em>The Adventures of Pete & Pete</em></td> -<tr><td>TV episode number</td><td>5, season 2</td> -<tr><td>Network</td><td>Nickelodeon</td> -<tr><td>Air date</td><td>1994-10-23</td> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>The two Petes travel back in time an hour on the day that DST ends.</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr><td>TV episode title</td><td>King-Size Homer</td> -<tr><td>TV series</td><td><em>The Simpsons</em></td> -<tr><td>TV episode number</td><td>135</td> -<tr><td>Network</td><td>Fox</td> -<tr><td>Air date</td><td>1995-11-05</td> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Homer, working from home, remarks "8:58, first -time I've ever been early for work. Except for all those daylight -savings days. Lousy farmers."</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Jules Verne</td></tr> -<tr><td>Book</td><td>Le Tour du Monde en Quatre-Vingts Jours -(Around the World in Eighty Days)</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>Wall-clock time plays a central role in the plot. -European readers of the 1870s clearly held the U.S. press in -deep contempt; the protagonists cross the U.S. without once -reading a paper. -An on-line French-language version of the book -"with illustrations from the original 1873 French-language edition" -is available at -<a href="http://fourmilab.ch/etexts/www/tdm80j">http://fourmilab.ch/etexts/www/tdm80j</a> -An on-line English-language translation of the book is available at -<a href="http://www.literature.org/Works/Jules-Verne/eighty">http://www.literature.org/Works/Jules-Verne/eighty</a></td></tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>Umberto Eco</td></tr> -<tr><td>Book</td><td>The Island of the Day Before -(L'isola del giorno prima)</td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>1994</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td> -"...the story of a 17th century Italian nobleman trapped near an island -on the International Date Line. Time and time zones play an integral -part in the novel." (Paul Eggert, 2006-04-22) -</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>David Jebb</td></tr> -<tr><td>Book</td><td><a href="http://www.thethirteenthtimezone.com"> -The Thirteenth Time Zone</a></td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td> -"It's fiction, but it's based on his experiences and travels." (Paul Eggert, 2006-04-22) -</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Artist</td><td>John Dunning</td></tr> -<tr><td>Book</td><td><a -href="http://www.simonsays.com/content/book.cfm?sid=33&pid=479719">Two -O'Clock, Eastern Wartime</a></td></tr> -<tr><td>Copyright Date</td><td>2001</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td> -Mystery, history, daylight saving time, and old-time radio. -</td></tr> -<tr><td> </td></tr> -<tr><td>Film</td><td>Bell Science - About Time</td></tr> -<tr><td>Notes</td><td>The Frank Baxter/Richard Deacon extravaganza. -Information is available at -<a href="http://www.videoflicks.com/titles/1035/1035893.htm">http://www.videoflicks.com/titles/1035/1035893.htm</a></td></tr> -</table> -<hr> -<ul> -<li> -An episode of "The Adventures of Superman" entitled "The Mysterious -Cube," first aired 1958-02-24, had Superman convincing the controllers -of WWV to broadcast time signals five minutes ahead of actual time; -doing so got a crook trying to beat the statute of limitations to -emerge a bit too early from the titular enclosure. -</li> -<li> -The 1960s ITC television series "The Prisoner" included an episode -entitled "The Chimes of Big Ben" in which our protagonist tumbled to -the fraudulent nature of a Poland-to-England escape upon hearing "Big -Ben" chiming on Polish local time. -</li> -<li> -The series "Seinfeld" included an episode entitled "The Susie," first -broadcast 1997-02-13, in which Kramer decides that daylight saving time -isn't coming fast enough, so he sets his watch ahead an hour. -</li> -<li> -The syndicated comic strip "Dilbert" featured an all-too-rare example of -time zone humor on 1998-03-14. -</li> -<li> -Surrealist artist Guy Billout's work "Date Line" appeared on page 103 -of the 1999-11 Atlantic Monthly. -</li> -<li> -"Gloom, Gloom, Go Away" by Walter Kirn appeared on page 106 of Time -Magazine's 2002-11-11 issue; among other things, it proposed -year-round DST as a way of lessening wintertime despair. -</li> -<li> -The "20 Hours in America" episode of "The West Wing," first aired 2002-09-25, -saw White House staffers stranded in Indiana; they thought they had time to -catch Air Force One but were done in by intra-Indiana local time changes. -</li> -<li> -"In what time zone would you find New York City?" was a $200 question on -the 1999-11-13 United States airing of "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" -"In 1883, what industry led the movement to divide the U.S. into four time -zones?" was a $32,000 question on the 2001-05-23 United States airing of -"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" At this rate, the million-dollar time-zone -question should have been asked 2002-06-04. -</li> -<li> -A private jet's mid-flight change of time zones distorts Alison Dubois' -premonition in the "We Had a Dream" episode of "Medium" -(originally aired 2007-02-28). -</li> -<li> -In the "30 Rock" episode "Anna Howard Shaw Day" (first broadcast 2010-02-11), -Jack Donaghy's date realizes that a Geneva-to-New-York business phone call -received in the evening must be fake given the difference in local times. -</li> -<li> -In the 1946 movie "A Matter of Life and Death" -(U.S. title "Stairway to Heaven") -there is a reference to British Double Summer Time. -The time does not play a large part in the plot; -it's just a passing reference to the time when one of the -characters was supposed to have died (but didn't). -The IMDb page is at -<a href="http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0038733/"> -http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0038733/ -</a>. (Dave Cantor) -<li> -The 1953 railway comedy movie "The Titfield Thunderbolt" includes a -play on words on British Double Summer Time. Valentine's wife wants -him to leave the pub and asks him, "Do you know what time it is?" -And he, happy where he is, replies: "Yes, my love. Summer double time." -IMDB page: -<a href="http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0046436/"> -http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0046436/ -</a>. (Mark Brader, 2009-10-02) -</li> -<li> -The premise of the 1999 caper movie "Entrapment" involves computers -in an international banking network being shut down briefly at -midnight in each time zone to avoid any problems at the transition -from the year 1999 to 2000 in that zone. (Hmmmm.) If this shutdown -is extended by 10 seconds, it will create a one-time opportunity for -a gigantic computerized theft. To achieve this, at one location the -crooks interfere with the microwave system supplying time signals to -the computer, advancing the time by 0.1 second each minute over the -last hour of 1999. (So this movie teaches us that 0.1 x 60 = 10.) -IMDB page: -<a href="http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0137494/"> -http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0137494/ -</a>. (Mark Brader, 2009-10-02) -</li> -<li> -In "The Todd Couple" episode of "Outsourced" (first aired 2011-02-10), -Manmeet sets up teledates for 6:00 and 9:00; -since one is with a New Yorker and the other with a San Franciscan, -hilarity ensues. -</li> -</ul> -<hr> -<ul> -<li> -"We're been using the five-cent nickle in this country since 1492. -Now that's pretty near 100 years, daylight savings [sic]." -(Groucho Marx as Captain Spaulding in "Animal Crackers", 1930, -as noted by Will Fitzerald) -</li> -<li> -Brady: "...[Bishop Usher] determined that the Lord began the Creation -on the 23rd of October in the Year 4004 B.C. at -- uh, at 9 A.M.!" -<br> -Drummond: "That Eastern Standard Time? (Laughter) Or Rocky Mountain -Time? (More laughter) It wasn't daylight-saving time, was it? Because -the Lord didn't make the sun until the fourth day!" -<br> -(From the play "Inherit the Wind" by Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee, -filmed in 1960 with Spencer Tracy as Drummond and Fredric March as -Brady, and several other times. Thanks to Mark Brader.) -</li> -<li> -"Good news." -"What did they do? Extend Daylight Saving Time year round?" -(Professional tanner George Hamilton, in dialog from a -May, 1999 episode of the syndicated television series "Baywatch") -</li> -<li> -"A fundamental belief held by Americans is that if you are on land, you -cannot be killed by a fish...So most Americans remain on land, believing -they're safe. Unfortunately, this belief—like so many myths, such as that -there's a reason for 'Daylight Saving Time'—is false." -(Dave Barry column, 2000-07-02) -</li> -<li> -"I once had sex for an hour and five minutes, but that was on the day -when you turn the clocks ahead." -(Garry Shandling, 52nd Annual Emmys, 2000-09-10) -</li> -<li> -"Would it impress you if I told you I invented Daylight Savings Time?" -("Sahjhan" to "Lilah" in dialog from the "Loyalty" episode of "Angel," -originally aired 2002-02-25) -</li> -<li> -"I thought you said Tulsa was a three hour flight." -"Well, you're forgetting about the time difference." -("Chandler" and "Joey" in dialog from the episode of "Friends" first -aired 2002-12-05) -</li> -<li> -"Is that a pertinent fact, -or are you trying to dazzle me with your command of time zones?" -(Kelsey Grammer as "Frasier Crane") -</li> -<li> -"Don't worry about the world coming to an end today. -It is already tomorrow in Australia." -(Charles M. Schulz, provided by Steve Summit) -</li> -<li> -"I put myself and my staff through this crazy, huge ordeal, all because -I refused to go on at midnight, okay? And so I work, you know, and -then I get this job at eleven, supposed to be a big deal. Then -yesterday daylight [saving] time ended. Right now it's basically -midnight." (Conan O'Brien on the 2010-11-08 premier of "Conan.") -</li> -</ul> -</body> -</html> diff --git a/lib/libc/time/tz-link.htm b/lib/libc/time/tz-link.htm deleted file mode 100644 index f4371dfb56d..00000000000 --- a/lib/libc/time/tz-link.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,703 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html - PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> -<html> -<head> -<title>Sources for Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time Data</title> -<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.1/"> -<meta http-equiv="Content-type" content='text/html; charset="US-ASCII"'> -<meta name="DC.Creator" content="Eggert, Paul"> -<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Olson, Arthur David"> -<meta name="DC.Date" content="2012-07-19"> -<meta name="DC.Description" - content="Sources of information about time zones and daylight saving time"> -<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="http://www.twinsun.com/tz/tz-link.htm"> -<meta name="Keywords" - content="database,daylight saving,DST,time zone,timezone,tz,zoneinfo"> -</head> -<body> -<h1>Sources for Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time Data</h1> -<p> -This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of -2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. -</p> -<p> -Please send corrections to this web page to the -<a href="mailto:tz@iana.org">time zone mailing list</a>.</p> -<h2>The <code>tz</code> database</h2> -<p> -The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain">public-domain</a> -time zone database contains code and data -that represent the history of local time -for many representative locations around the globe. -It is updated periodically to reflect changes made by political bodies -to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone">time zone</a> -boundaries, <a -href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time"><abbr -title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</abbr></a> offsets, and -<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving">daylight-saving</a> -rules. -This database (often called <code>zoneinfo</code> or <a -href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TZ_database"><code>tz</code></a>) -is used by several implementations, -including -<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/">the -<abbr title="GNU's Not Unix">GNU</abbr> -C Library</a> used in -<a href="http://www.linux.org/"><abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux</a>, -<a href="http://www.freebsd.org/">FreeBSD</a>, -<a href="http://netbsd.org/">NetBSD</a>, -<a href="http://openbsd.org/">OpenBSD</a>, -<a href="http://cygwin.com/">Cygwin</a>, -<a href="http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/"><abbr -title="DJ's GNU Programming Platform">DJGPP</abbr></a>, -<a href="http://ibm.com/aix">AIX</a>, -<a href="http://www.apple.com/macosx/">Mac OS X</a>, -<a href="http://h71000.www7.hp.com/">OpenVMS</a>, -<a href="http://oracle.com/database">Oracle Database</a>, -<a href="http://sun.com/software/solaris">Solaris</a>, -<a href="http://h30097.www3.hp.com/">Tru64</a>, and -<a href="http://sco.com/products/unixware">UnixWare</a>.</p> -<p> -Each location in the database represents a national region where all -clocks keeping local time have agreed since 1970. -Locations are identified by continent or ocean and then by the name of -the location, which is typically the largest city within the region. -For example, <code>America/New_York</code> -represents most of the <abbr title="United States">US</abbr> eastern time zone; -<code>America/Phoenix</code> represents most of Arizona, which -uses mountain time without daylight saving time (<abbr -title="daylight saving time">DST</abbr>); -<code>America/Detroit</code> represents most of Michigan, which uses -eastern time but with different <abbr>DST</abbr> rules in 1975; -and other entries represent smaller regions like Starke County, -Indiana, which switched from central to eastern time in 1991 -and switched back in 2006. -To use the database on an extended <a -href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX"><abbr -title="Portable Operating System Interface">POSIX</abbr></a> -implementation set the <code>TZ</code> environment variable to -the location's full name, e.g., <code>TZ="America/New_York"</code>.</p> -<p> -In the <code>tz</code> database's -<a href="ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/"><abbr -title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</abbr> releases</a> -the code is in the file <code>tzcode<var>C</var>.tar.gz</code>, -where <code><var>C</var></code> is the code's version; -similarly, the data are in <code>tzdata<var>D</var>.tar.gz</code>, -where <code><var>D</var></code> is the data's version. -Each version is a four-digit year followed by lower-case letters -(a through z, then za through zz, then zza through zzz, and so on). -Convenience links to -the <a href="ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/tzcode-latest.tar.gz">latest -code</a> and -<a href="ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/tzdata-latest.tar.gz">latest data</a> revisions -are also available. -The following <a -href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_shell">shell</a> commands download -these files to a <abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux or similar host; -see the downloaded -<code>README</code> file for what to do next.</p> -<pre style="margin-left: 2em"><code>mkdir tz -cd tz -<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/wget/">wget</a> --retr-symlinks 'ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/tz*-latest.tar.gz' -<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/">gzip</a> -dc tzcode-latest.tar.gz | <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/">tar</a> -xf - -gzip -dc tzdata-latest.tar.gz | tar -xf - -</code></pre> -<p> -The code and data files can also be obtained from the -<a href="http://www.iana.org">IANA</a> -<a href="http://www.iana.org/time-zones">timezone web page</a>. -<p> -The code lets you compile the <code>tz</code> source files into -machine-readable binary files, one for each location. It also lets -you read a <code>tz</code> binary file and interpret time stamps for that -location.</p> -<p> -The data are by no means authoritative. If you find errors, please -send changes to the <a href="mailto:tz@iana.org">time zone -mailing list</a>. You can also <a -href="http://news.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.tz">browse recent -messages</a> sent to the mailing list, <a -href="https://mm.icann.org/mailman/listinfo/tz">subscribe</a> to it. -browse the <a -href="http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/">archive of old -messages</a> (message by message or in gzip compressed format), -or retrieve <a -href="ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/">archived older versions of code -and data</a>.</p> -<p> -The Web has several other sources for time zone and daylight saving time data. -Here are some recent links that may be of interest. -</p> -<h2>Web pages using recent versions of the <code>tz</code> database</h2> -<p> -These are listed roughly in ascending order of complexity and fanciness. -</p> -<ul> -<li> -<a href="http://permatime.com"> -Permatime</a> -is a service for generating and viewing links that refer to a -particular point in time and can be displayed in multiple timezones. -It uses the ruby tzinfo gem. -(From Tim Diggins, 2009-11-03.) -</li> -<li><a href="http://twiki.org/cgi-bin/xtra/tzdatepick.html">Date and Time Gateway</a> -lets you see the <code>TZ</code> values directly.</li> -<li><a -href="http://convertit.com/Go/ConvertIt/World_Time/Current_Time.ASP">Current -Time in 1000 Places</a> uses descriptions of the values.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.timezoneconverter.com/">Time Zone Converter</a> -uses a pulldown menu.</li> -<li><a href="http://home.tiscali.nl/~t876506/TZworld.html">Complete -timezone information for all countries</a> displays tables of DST rules. -<li><a href="http://timeanddate.com/worldclock/">The World Clock - -Time Zones</a> lets you sort zone names and convert times.</li> -<li><a href="http://daylight-savings-time.info/">Graphical Display of -Time Zones and Daylight Saving Times</a> shows a graph of time -difference versus time for any pair of locations.</li> -<li>The <a href="http://worldtimeengine.com/">World Time Engine</a> -also contains data about time zone boundaries; it supports queries via place -names and shows location maps.</li> -<li><a href="http://simpletimerclocks.mozdev.org/">Simple Timer + Clocks</a> -is a Firefox add-on which uses a timezone data file generated from the -tz data files.</li> -</ul> -<h2>Other time zone database formats</h2> -<ul> -<li>The <a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2445.txt"> -Internet Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification -(iCalendar)</a>, Internet <abbr title="Request For -Comments">RFC</abbr> 2445, published by the (now-concluded) <a -href="http://ietf.org/html.charters/OLD/calsch-charter.html"><abbr -title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</abbr> -Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group (<abbr -title="Calendaring and Scheduling Working Group">calsch</abbr>)</a> -covers time zone -data; see its VTIMEZONE calendar component. -The <a href="http://calconnect.org/">Calendaring and Scheduling -Consortium</a> is promoting further work in this area. <a -href="http://calconnect.org/publications/icalendartimezoneproblemsandrecommendationsv1.0.pdf">iCalendar -TIMEZONE Problems and Recommendations</a> offers guidelines and -recommendations for the use of VTIMEZONE and <code>tz</code>.</li> -<li><a href="http://calconnect.org/dstlinks.shtml">Extended Daylight -Saving Time Links, Advisories and Changes</a> lists vendor material on recent -daylight saving time changes.</li> -<li><a -href="http://calconnect.org/publications/timezoneregistryandservicerecommendationsv1.0.pdf">Timezone -Registry and Service Recommendations</a> discusses a -strategy for defining and deploying a time zone -registration process that would establish unique names for each -version of each <code>tz</code> zone, along with a polygonal -representation of the geographical area corresponding to the -zone.</li> -<li>The <a -href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-rdf-calendar/">www-rdf-calendar</a> -list discusses <a -href="http://www.w3.org/RDF/"><abbr -title="Resource Description Framework">RDF</abbr></a>-based calendar -and group scheduling systems, and has a <a -href="http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/#tzd">workspace on time zone -data</a> converted from <code>tz</code>. An earlier <a -href="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/foo">schema</a> was sketched out.</li> -</ul> -<h2>Other <code>tz</code> compilers</h2> -<ul> -<li><a href="http://www.dachaplin.dsl.pipex.com/vzic/">Vzic iCalendar -Timezone Converter</a> describes a <a -href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_%28programming_language%29">C</a> -program that compiles -<code>tz</code> source into iCalendar-compatible VTIMEZONE files. -Vzic is freely -available under the <a -href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"><abbr>GNU</abbr> -General Public License (<abbr -title="General Public License">GPL</abbr>)</a>.</li> -<li><a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/tzical">tziCal - tz -database conversion utility</a> is like Vzic, except for the <a -href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/netframework">.NET framework</a>.</li> -<li><a -href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/DateTime-TimeZone/">DateTime::TimeZone</a> -contains a script <code>parse_olson</code> that compiles -<code>tz</code> source into <a href="http://www.perl.org/">Perl</a> -modules. It is part of the Perl <a -href="http://datetime.perl.org/">DateTime Project</a>, which is freely -available under both the <abbr>GPL</abbr> and the Perl Artistic -License. DateTime::TimeZone also contains a script -<code>tests_from_zdump</code> that generates test cases for each clock -transition in the <code>tz</code> database.</li> -<li><a href="http://icu-project.org/">International Components for -Unicode (<abbr>ICU</abbr>)</a> contains C/C++ and <a -href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29">Java</a> -libraries for internationalization that -has a compiler from <code>tz</code> source -into an <abbr>ICU</abbr>-specific format. -<abbr>ICU</abbr> is freely available under a -<abbr title="Berkeley Software Distribution">BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> -<li><a href="http://joda-time.sourceforge.net/">Joda Time - Java date -and time <abbr title="Application Program Interface">API</abbr></a> -contains a class -<code>org.joda.time.tz.ZoneInfoCompiler</code> that compiles -<code>tz</code> source into a Joda-specific binary format. Joda Time -is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> -<li><a href="http://pytz.sourceforge.net">PyTZ - Python Time -Zone Library</a> compiles <code>tz</code> source into -<a href="http://python.org/">Python</a>. -It is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> -<li><a href="http://tzinfo.rubyforge.org/">TZInfo - Ruby Timezone Library</a> -compiles <code>tz</code> source into -<a href="http://ruby-lang.org">Ruby</a>. -It is freely available under the <abbr -title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr> license.</li> -<li>The <a href="http://chronos-st.org/">Chronos Date/Time -Library</a> is a <a href="http://smalltalk.org">Smalltalk</a> class -library that compiles <code>tz</code> source into a <a -href="http://date-time-zone.com/">time zone repository</a> whose format -is either proprietary or an <a href="http://www.w3.org/XML/"><abbr -title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr></a>-encoded -representation.</li> -<li>Starting with version 8.5, <a href="http://tcl.tk/">Tcl</a> -contains a developer-oriented parser that compiles <samp>tz</samp> -source into text files, along with a runtime that can read those -files. Tcl is freely available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style -license.</li> -</ul> -<h2>Other <code>tz</code> binary file readers</h2> -<ul> -<li>The <a -href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/"><abbr>GNU</abbr> C -Library</a> -has an independent, thread-safe implementation of -a <code>tz</code> binary file reader. -This library is freely available under the -<a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html"> -<abbr>GNU</abbr> Lesser General Public License -(<abbr title="Lesser General Public License">LGPL</abbr>)</a>, -and is widely used in <abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux systems.</li> -<li><a href="http://bmsi.com/java/#TZ">ZoneInfo.java</a> -is a <code>tz</code> binary file reader written in Java. -It is freely available under the <abbr>LGPL</abbr>.</li> -<li>Tcl, mentioned above, also contains a -<code>tz</code> binary file reader.</li> -<li><a href="http://search.cpan.org/perldoc?DateTime::TimeZone::Tzfile"> -DateTime::TimeZone::Tzfile</a> -is a <code>tz</code> binary file reader written in Perl. -It is freely available under the same terms as Perl -(dual <abbr>GPL</abbr> and Artistic license).</li> -</ul> -<h2>Other <code>tz</code>-based time zone software</h2> -<ul> -<li><a href="http://stemhaus.com/firefox/foxclocks/">FoxClocks</a> -is an extension for <a -href="http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Toolkit_API">Mozilla -Toolkit</a> applications like <a -href="http://mozilla.com/firefox">Firefox</a>, <a -href="http://mozilla.com/thunderbird">Thunderbird</a>, and -<a -href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/calendar/sunbird/">Sunbird</a>. -It displays multiple clocks in the application window, and has a mapping -interface to <a href="http://earth.google.com/">Google Earth</a>. -It is freely available under the <abbr>GPL</abbr>.</li> -<li><a -href="http://users.skynet.be/Peter.Verthez/projects/intclock/">International -clock (intclock)</a> is a multi-timezone clock for -<abbr>GNU</abbr>/Linux and similar systems. It is freely available -under the <abbr>GPL</abbr>.</li> -<li><a href="http://codeplex.com/publicdomain">PublicDomain</a> -has a copy of a recent <code>tz</code> database, accessed via a <a -href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Sharp">C#</a> library. As its -name suggests, it is in the public domain. Only current time stamps -are well supported; historical data are compiled into the runtime but -are not easily accessible.</li> -<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/">Sun Java</a> releases since 1.4 -contain a copy of a subset of a recent <code>tz</code> database in a -Java-specific format.</li> -<li><a href="http://kimmo.suominen.com/sw/timezone/">Time Zone</a> is -a <a href="http://wordpress.org/">WordPress</a> plugin. It is freely -available under a <abbr>BSD</abbr>-style license.</li> -<li><a -href="http://veladg.com/velaterra.html">VelaTerra</a> is -a Mac OS X program. Its developers -<a href="http://veladg.com/tzoffer.html">offer free -licenses</a> to <code>tz</code> contributors.</li> -<li><a -href="http://worldtimeexplorer.com/">World Time Explorer</a> is a -Microsoft Windows program.</li> -<li> -<a href="http://www.toriasoft.com"> -WorldClock for Windows and Windows Mobile</a> -lets users "see the time in up to 25 locations in the world at once." -(From Hans Nieuwenhuis, 2009-11-02.) -</li> -<li> -<a href="http://www.relativedata.com/time-zone-master"> -Time Zone Master Basic -</a> "allows people to display multiple desktop clocks, and to -research current and historical time information, as well as times of -astronomical events (sunrise/transit/set, moonrise/transit/set, phases, -season starts) for user-selected dates in the past and future. It can -automatically download, compile and use the tzdata**.gz database files -as they are released to keep the data up to date. The software is -free." (Davie Patte) -</li> -</ul> -<h2>Other time zone databases</h2> -<ul> -<li><a href="http://www.astro.com/cgi/aq.cgi">Atlas Query</a> -is Astrodienst's Web version of Shanks's -excellent time zone history atlases published in both <a -href="http://astrocom.com/products/software.php?software_id=ibmwboth">computer</a> -and book form (<a -href="http://astrocom.com/products/book.php?book_id=b110x">one volume -for the USA</a>, and <a -href="http://astrocom.com/products/book.php?book_id=b112x">one for -other locations</a>) by <a -href="http://astrocom.com/">Astro Communications Services</a>.</li> -<li><a href="http://worldtime.com/">WORLDTIME: interactive atlas, -time info, public holidays</a> -contains information on local time, sunrise and sunset, -and public holidays in several hundred cities around the world.</li> -<li><a href="http://worldtimeserver.com/">World Time Server</a> -is another time zone database.</li> -<li><a href="http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/tzones.html">World Time Zones</a> -contains data from the Time Service Department of the -<abbr>US</abbr> Naval Observatory, used as the source -for the <code>usno*</code> files in the <code>tz</code> distribution.</li> -<li>The <a href="http://iata.org/ps/publications/SSIM.htm">Standard -Schedules Information Manual</a> of the -<a href="http://iata.org/index.htm">International Air Transport -Association</a> -gives current time zone rules for airports served by commercial aviation.</li> -<li>Some Microsoft Windows versions contain time zone information in -an undocumented format, with IDs that can be mapped to <code>TZ</code> -values using the <a -href="http://unicode.org/cldr/data/diff/supplemental/windows_tzid.html">Windows -→ Tzid table</a> maintained by the <abbr -title="Common Locale Data Repository">CLDR</abbr> data mentioned -below.</li> -<li> -<a href="http://code.google.com/p/tzdata/"> -http://code.google.com/p/tzdata/ -</a> -provides programming-language-specific representations of timezone -data. Currently this includes XML, PHP, Ruby, Javascript, JSON and CSV -formatted data. The repository is updated as soon as the FTP -distribution is updated. All data can be downloaded as a zip and/or it -can be obtained/synced via anonymous SVN. Data is made available under -the MIT license. (From Rich Tibbett.) -</li> -</ul> -<h2>Maps</h2> -<ul> -<li>The <a href="https://www.cia.gov/">United States Central -Intelligence Agency (<abbr -title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</abbr>)</a> publishes a <a -href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/reference_maps/pdf/time_zones.pdf">time -zone map</a>; the -<a -href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/world.html">Perry-Castañeda -Library Map Collection</a> -of the University of Texas at Austin has copies of -recent editions. -The pictorial quality is good, -but the maps do not indicate summer time, -and parts of the data are a few years out of date.</li> -<li><a href="http://worldtimezone.com/">Current time around the world -and standard time zones map of the world</a> -has several fancy time zone maps; it covers Russia particularly well. -The maps' pictorial quality is not quite as good as the -<abbr>CIA</abbr>'s -but the maps are more up to date.</li> -</ul> -<h2>Time zone boundaries</h2> -<ul> -<li><a href="http://efele.net/maps/tz/">TZ timezone maps</a> contains a <a -href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile">shapefile</a> of the -<code>tz</code> regions in the world.</li> -<li><a href="http://statoids.com/statoids.html">Administrative Divisions -of Countries ("Statoids")</a> contains detailed lists of -<code>tz</code>-related zone subdivision data.</li> -<li><a href="http://home.tiscali.nl/~t876506/Multizones.html">Time -zone boundaries for multizone countries</a> summarizes legal -boundaries between time zones within countries.</li> -<li>Manifold.net's <a -href="http://www.manifold.net/download/freemaps.html">Free Maps and -<abbr title="Geographic Information Systems">GIS</abbr> -Data</a> includes a Manifold-format map of -world time zone boundaries distributed under the -<abbr>GPL</abbr>.</li> -<li>The <abbr>US</abbr> Geological Survey's National Atlas of -the United States -publishes the <a href="http://nationalatlas.gov/mld/timeznp.html">Time -Zones of the United States</a> in the public domain.</li> -<li>The GeoCommunity lists several commercial sources for <a -href="http://spatialnews.geocomm.com/features/timezones/">International -Time Zones and Time Zone Data</a>.</li> -<li>A ship within the <a -href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_waters">territorial -waters</a> of any nation uses that nation's time. In international -waters, time zone boundaries are meridians 15° apart, except that -UTC−12 and UTC+12 are each 7.5° wide and are separated by -the 180° meridian (not by the International Date Line, which is -for land and territorial waters only). A captain can change ship's -clocks any time after entering a new time zone; midnight changes are -common.</li> -</ul> -<h2>Civil time concepts and history</h2> -<ul> -<li><a href="http://physics.nist.gov/GenInt/Time/time.html">A -Walk through Time</a> -surveys the evolution of timekeeping.</li> -<li><a href="http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/">About Daylight -Saving Time - History, rationale, laws & dates</a> -is an overall history of <abbr>DST</abbr>.</li> -<li><a href="http://energy.ca.gov/daylightsaving.html">Saving Time, -Saving Energy</a> discusses a primary justification for <abbr>DST</abbr>.</li> -<li><a href="http://seizethedaylight.com/dst/">Who Knew? A Brief -History of Daylight Saving Time</a> summarizes some of the contentious -history of <abbr>DST</abbr>.</li> -<li><a href="http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/">The -Time of Internet</a> -describes time zones and daylight saving time, -with diagrams. -The time zone map is out of date, however.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm">A History of -the International Date Line</a> tells the story of the most important -time zone boundary.</li> -<li><a href="http://statoids.com/tconcept.html">Basic Time -Zone Concepts</a> discusses terminological issues behind time zones.</li> -</ul> -<h2>National histories of legal time</h2> -<dl> -<dt>Australia</dt> -<dd>The Parliamentary Library has commissioned <a -href="http://www.aph.gov.au/LIBRARY/Pubs/rn/2006-07/07rn13.pdf">research -note on daylight saving time in Australia</a>. -The Bureau of Meteorology publishes a list of -<a href="http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml">Implementation Dates of Daylight Savings Time within Australia</a>.</dd> -<dt>Belgium</dt> -<dd>The Royal Observatory of Belgium maintains a table of <a -href="http://www.astro.oma.be/GENERAL/INFO/nli001a.html" -hreflang="nl">time in Belgium (in Dutch)</a>.</dd> -<dt>Brazil</dt> -<dd>The Time Service Department of the National Observatory -records <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html" -hreflang="pt-BR">Brazil's daylight saving time decrees (in -Portuguese)</a>.</dd> -<dt>Canada</dt> -<dd>The Institute for National Measurement Standards publishes current -and some older information about <a -href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/time_services/daylight_saving_e.html">Time -Zones & Daylight Saving Time</a>.</dd> -<dt>Chile</dt> -<dd>The Chilean Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service publishes a <a -href="http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm" hreflang="es"> history of -official time (in Spanish)</a>.</dd> -<dt>Germany</dt> -<dd>The National Institute for Science and Technology maintains the <a -href="http://www.ptb.de/en/org/4/44/441/dars_e.htm">Realisation of -Legal Time in Germany</a>.</dd> -<dt>Israel</dt> -<dd>The Interior Ministry periodically issues <a -href="ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements" -hreflang="he">announcements (in Hebrew)</a>.</dd> -<dt>Mexico</dt> -<dd>The Investigation and Analysis Service of the Mexican Library of -Congress has published a <a -href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/" -hreflang="es">history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)</a>.</dd> -<dt>Malaysia</dt> -<dd>See Singapore below.</dd> -<dt>Netherlands</dt> -<dd><a href="http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/wettijd/wettijd.htm" -hreflang="nl">Legal time in the Netherlands (in Dutch)</a> -covers the history of local time in the Netherlands from ancient times.</dd> -<dt>New Zealand</dt> -<dd>The Department of Internal Affairs maintains a brief history <a -href="http://dia.govt.nz/diawebsite.nsf/wpg_URL/Resource-material-Information-We-Provide-About-Daylight-Saving">About -Daylight Saving</a>. The privately-maintained <a -href="http://astrologyschool.com/nztime.html">History of New Zealand -time</a> has more details.</dd> -<dt>Norway</dt> -<dd>The Norwegian Meteorological Institute lists -<a href="http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html" hreflang="no">Summer -time in Norway (in Norwegian)</a>, citing the -Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, Oslo.</dd> -<dt>Singapore</dt> -<dd><a -href="http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html">Why -is Singapore in the "Wrong" Time Zone?</a> details the -history of legal time in Singapore and Malaysia.</dd> -<dt>United Kingdom</dt> -<dd><a -href="http://www.srcf.ucam.org/~jsm28/british-time/">History of -legal time in Britain</a> discusses in detail the country -with perhaps the best-documented history of clock adjustments. -The National Physical Laboratory also maintains an <a -href="http://www.npl.co.uk/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.2714">Archive -of Summer time dates</a>.</dd> -</dl> -<h2>Precision timekeeping</h2> -<ul> -<li><a -href="http://literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5965-7984E.pdf">The -Science of Timekeeping</a> is a thorough introduction -to the theory and practice of precision timekeeping.</li> -<li><a href="http://www.ntp.org/"><abbr -title="Network Time Protocol">NTP</abbr>: The Network -Time Protocol</a> -discusses how to synchronize clocks of -Internet hosts.</li> -<li><a -href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc4833.txt">Timezone -Options for <abbr title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol">DHCP</abbr></a> -(Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 4833) -specifies a <a -href="http://www.dhcp.org/">DHCP</a> option for a server to configure -a client's time zone and daylight saving settings automatically.</li> -<li><a href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/GMT.UT.and.the.RGO.html">A Few -Facts Concerning <abbr title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</abbr>, <abbr -title="Universal Time">UT</abbr>, and -the <abbr title="Royal Greenwich Observatory">RGO</abbr></a> -answers questions like "What is the -difference between <abbr>GMT</abbr> and <abbr>UTC</abbr>?"</li> -<li><a -href="http://www.cv.nrao.edu/~rfisher/Ephemerides/times.html">Astronomical -Times</a> explains more abstruse astronomical time scales like -<abbr title="Terrestrial Dynamic Time">TDT</abbr>, -<abbr title="Geocentric Coordinate Time">TCG</abbr>, and -<abbr title="Barycentric Dynamic Time">TDB</abbr>. -<a href="http://www.ucolick.org/~sla/leapsecs/timescales.html">Time -Scales</a> goes into more detail, particularly for historical variants.</li> -<li>The <a href="http://iau.org/"><abbr -title="International Astronomical Union">IAU</abbr></a>'s <a -href="http://www.iau-sofa.rl.ac.uk/"><abbr -title="Standards Of Fundamental Astronomy">SOFA</abbr></a> -initiative publishes Fortran -code for converting among time scales like -<abbr title="International Atomic Time">TAI</abbr>, -<abbr>TDB</abbr>, <abbr>TDT</abbr> and -<abbr>UTC</abbr>.</li> -<li><a href="http://jpl.nasa.gov/basics/bsf2-3.htm">Basics of -Space Flight - Reference Systems - Time Conventions</a> -briefly explains interplanetary space flight timekeeping.</li> -<li><a -href="http://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/mars24/help/notes.html">Technical -Notes on Mars Solar Time as Adopted by the Mars24 Sunclock</a> briefly -describes Mars Coordinated Time (<abbr -title="Mars Coordinated Time">MTC</abbr>) and the -diverse local time -scales used by each landed mission on Mars.</li> -<li><a href="http://leapsecond.com/">LeapSecond.com</a> is -dedicated not only to leap seconds but to precise time and frequency -in general. It covers the state of the art in amateur timekeeping, and -how the art has progressed over the past few decades.</li> -<li><a -href="http://hpiers.obspm.fr/eop-pc/products/bulletins/bulletins.html">Bulletins -maintained by the -<abbr title="International Earth Rotation Service">IERS</abbr> -<abbr title="Earth Orientation Parameters">EOP</abbr> -(<abbr title="Product Center">PC</abbr>)</a> contains official publications of -the Earth Orientation Parameters Product Center of the -International Earth Rotation Service, the committee that decides -when leap seconds occur.</li> -<li>The <a -href="http://six.pairlist.net/mailman/listinfo/leapsecs">Leap -Second Discussion List</a> covers <a -href="http://gauss.gge.unb.ca/papers.pdf/gpsworld.november99.pdf">McCarthy -and Klepczynski's proposal to discontinue leap seconds</a>, -discussed further in -<a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/time/metrologia-leapsecond.pdf">The -leap second: its history and possible future</a>. -The (now disbanded) <a href="http://members.aas.org/comms/leap.cfm"><abbr -title="American Astronomical Society">AAS</abbr> Leap Second -Committee</a> has solicited input on this proposal. -<a href="http://www.ucolick.org/~sla/leapsecs/">The -Future of Leap Seconds</a> covers this -contentious issue.</li> -</ul> -<h2>Time notation</h2> -<ul> -<li> -<a href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html">A Summary of -the International Standard Date and Time Notation</a> is a good -summary of -<a -href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=40874"><abbr -title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr> -8601:2004 -- Data elements and interchange formats -- Information -interchange -- Representation of dates and times</a>.</li> -<li> -<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime"><abbr>XML</abbr> -Schema: Datatypes - dateTime</a> specifies a format inspired by -<abbr>ISO</abbr> 8601 that is in common use in XML data.</li> -<li> -<a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2822.txt">Internet -Message Format</a> (Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 2822) §3.3 -specifies the time notation used in email and <a -href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc2616.txt"><abbr>HTTP</abbr></a> -headers.</li> -<li> -<a href="ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3339.txt">Date and Time -on the Internet: Timestamps</a> (Internet <abbr>RFC</abbr> 3339) -specifies an <abbr>ISO</abbr> 8601 -profile for use in new Internet -protocols.</li> -<li> -<a href="http://www.hackcraft.net/web/datetime/">Date & Time -Formats on the Web</a> surveys web- and Internet-oriented date and time -formats.</li> -<li> -<a href="http://exit109.com/~ghealton/y2k/yrexamples.html">The -Best of Dates, the Worst of Dates</a> covers many problems encountered -by software developers when handling dates and time stamps.</li> -<li>The <a -href="http://unicode.org/cldr/">Unicode Common Locale Data Repository -(<abbr>CLDR</abbr>) Project</a> has localizations for time zone names, -abbreviations, identifiers, and formats. For example, it contains -French translations for "Eastern European Summer Time", "<abbr -title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</abbr>", and -"Bucharest". <a -href="http://unicode.org/cldr/data/charts/by_type/names.metazone.html">By-Type -Chart: names.metazone</a> shows these values for many locales. -<abbr>ICU</abbr> contains a mechanism for using this data.</li> -<li>Alphabetic time zone abbreviations should not be used as unique -identifiers for <abbr>UTC</abbr> offsets as they are ambiguous in -practice. For example, "<abbr>EST</abbr>" denotes 5 hours behind -<abbr>UTC</abbr> in English-speaking North America, but it denotes 10 -or 11 hours ahead of <abbr>UTC</abbr> in Australia; and -French-speaking North Americans prefer -"<abbr title="Heure Normale de l'Est">HNE</abbr>" to -"<abbr>EST</abbr>". For <abbr>POSIX</abbr> the <code>tz</code> -database contains English abbreviations for all time stamps but in -many cases these are merely inventions of the database -maintainers.</li> -<li>Numeric time zone abbreviations typically count hours east of -<abbr>UTC</abbr>, e.g., <code>+09</code> for Japan and -<code>-10</code> for Hawaii. However, the <abbr>POSIX</abbr> -<code>TZ</code> environment variable uses the opposite convention. For -example, one might use <code>TZ="JST-9"</code> and -<code>TZ="HST10"</code> for Japan and Hawaii, respectively. If the -<code>tz</code> database is available, it is usually better to use -settings like <code>TZ="Asia/Tokyo"</code> and -<code>TZ="Pacific/Honolulu"</code> instead, as this should avoid -confusion, handle old time stamps better, and insulate you better from -any future changes to the rules. One should never set -<abbr>POSIX</abbr> <code>TZ</code> to a value like -<code>"GMT-9"</code>, though, since this would falsely claim that -local time is nine hours ahead of <abbr>UTC</abbr> and the time zone -is called "<abbr>GMT</abbr>".</li> -</ul> -<h2>Related indexes</h2> -<ul> -<li><a href="tz-art.htm">Time and the Arts</a></li> -<li><a href="http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Time/">Open Directory - -Reference: Time</a></li> -<li><a href="http://directory.google.com/Top/Reference/Time/">Google Directory -- Reference > Time</a></li> -<li><a href="http://dir.yahoo.com/Science/Measurements_and_Units/Time">Yahoo! -Directory > Science > Measurements and Units > Time</a></li> -</ul> -</body> -</html> |