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-.\" $OpenBSD: hp.4,v 1.16 2007/05/31 19:19:57 jmc Exp $
-.\" $NetBSD: hp.4,v 1.4 1996/03/05 15:28:50 ragge Exp $
-.\"
-.\" Copyright (c) 1980,1988, 1991 Regents of the University of California.
-.\" All rights reserved.
-.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-.\" are met:
-.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
-.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
-.\" without specific prior written permission.
-.\"
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
-.\"
-.\" from: @(#)hp.4 6.5 (Berkeley) 3/27/91
-.\"
-.Dd $Mdocdate: May 31 2007 $
-.Dt HP 4 vax
-.Os
-.Sh NAME
-.Nm hp
-.Nd
-.Tn MASSBUS
-disk interface
-.Sh SYNOPSIS
-.Cd "hp* at mba?"
-.Sh DESCRIPTION
-The
-.Nm hp
-driver
-is a generic MASSBUS disk driver which handles the standard
-.Tn DEC
-controllers.
-It is typical of a block-device disk driver; block
-.Tn I/O
-is
-described in
-.Xr physio 9 .
-.Pp
-The script
-.Xr MAKEDEV 8
-should be used to create the special files; if a special file
-needs to be created by hand, consult
-.Xr mknod 8 .
-It is recommended as a security precaution to not create special files
-for devices which may never be installed.
-.Pp
-The first sector of each disk contains both a first-stage bootstrap program
-and a disk label containing geometry information and partition layouts (see
-.Xr disklabel 5 ) .
-This sector is normally write-protected, and disk-to-disk copies should
-avoid copying this sector.
-The label may be updated with
-.Xr disklabel 8 ,
-which can also be used to write-enable and write-disable the sector.
-The next 15 sectors contain a second-stage bootstrap program.
-.Sh DISK SUPPORT
-During autoconfiguration or whenever a drive comes on line for the first time,
-or when a drive is opened after all partitions are closed,
-the first sector of the drive is examined for a disk label.
-If a label is found, the geometry of the drive and the partition tables
-are taken from it.
-If no label is found, a fake label is created by the driver, enough
-so that a real label can be written.
-.Pp
-The hp?a partition is normally used for the root file system,
-the hp?b partition as a paging area,
-and the hp?c partition for pack-pack copying (it maps the entire disk).
-On disks larger than about 205 Megabytes, the hp?h partition
-is inserted prior to the hp?d or hp?g partition;
-the hp?g partition then maps the remainder of the pack.
-.Sh FILES
-.Bl -tag -width /dev/rhp[0-7][a-p] -compact
-.It Pa /dev/hp[0-7][a-p]
-block files
-.It Pa /dev/rhp[0-7][a-p]
-raw files
-.El
-.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
-.Bl -diag
-.It "hp%d%c: hard error %sing fsbn %d [of %d-%d] (hp%d bn %d cn %d tn %d sn %d) mbsr=%b er1=%b er2=%b."
-An unrecoverable error occurred during transfer of the specified
-filesystem block number,
-which is a logical block number on the indicated partition.
-If the transfer involved multiple blocks, the block range is printed as well.
-The parenthesized fields list the actual disk sector number
-relative to the beginning of the drive,
-as well as the cylinder, track and sector number of the block.
-The
-.Tn MASSBUS
-status register is printed in hexadecimal and
-with the error bits decoded if any error bits other than
-.Tn MBEXC
-and
-.Tn DTABT
-are set.
-In any case the contents of the two error registers are also printed
-in octal and symbolically with bits decoded.
-(Note that er2 is what old
-.Tn RP06
-manuals would call
-.Tn RPER3 ;
-the terminology
-is that of the
-.Tn RM
-disks).
-The error was either unrecoverable, or a large number of retry attempts
-(including offset positioning and drive recalibration) could not
-recover the error.
-.Pp
-.It "hp%d%c: soft ecc reading fsbn %d [of %d-%d] (hp%d bn %d cn %d tn %d sn %d)."
-A recoverable
-.Tn ECC
-error occurred on the
-specified sector of the specified disk partition.
-If the transfer involved multiple blocks, the block range is printed as well.
-The parenthesized fields list the actual disk sector number
-relative to the beginning of the drive,
-as well as the cylinder, track and sector number of the block.
-This happens normally
-a few times a week.
-If it happens more frequently than this the sectors where the errors are
-occurring should be checked to see if certain cylinders on the pack,
-spots on the carriage of the drive or heads are indicated.
-.Pp
-.El
-.Sh SEE ALSO
-.Xr intro 4 ,
-.Xr disklabel 5 ,
-.Xr disklabel 8
-.Sh HISTORY
-The
-.Nm
-driver appeared in
-.Bx 4.0 .
-A new
-.Nm
-driver showed up in
-.Nx 1.1a .
-.Sh BUGS
-.Tn DEC Ns -standard
-bad144
-bad-block handling should be used.
-.Pp
-.Tn DEC Ns -standard
-error logging should be supported.
-.Pp
-A program to analyze the logged error information (even in its
-present reduced form) is needed.